scholarly journals Impact of Low Volume Velocity-Controlled vs. Repetition to Failure Resistance Training Session on Measures of Explosive Performance in a Team of Adolescents Basketball Players

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ott-Erik Kalmus ◽  
Mehis Viru ◽  
Brent Alvar ◽  
Fernando Naclerio
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Velocity Control ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Explosive Performance ◽  
Volume Resistance ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Medicine Ball

This study examined the short-term effects (post 6 h and 24 h) of two equated (70% of 1 repetition maximum (1-RM)) low volume resistance exercise protocols: (i) velocity-controlled (VC) and (ii) repetition to failure (RTF) on upper and lower body performance in competitive adolescent male basketball players. Following a randomized, counterbalanced design, ten participants (age: 16 ± 0.5 years) completed either VC or RTF separated by 72 h. VC consisted of 4 sets of 5 explosive repetitions (≥90% of the maximum velocity). RTF involved 2 sets of 10-RM (with no velocity control). Measurements of 20-m sprint, countermovement jump (CMJ) and medicine ball toss (MBT) were collected before (baseline), post 6 h and 24 h after either VC or RTF. Increases of CMJ post 6 h (VC, +6.7%; RTF, +2.4%) and MBT post 24 h (VC, +4.6%; RTF, +4.2%) were observed after both VC and RTF. Only VC potentiated CMJ after 24 h (+2.0 ± 2.3%). No other changes or differences between protocols were observed. Performing a low volume exercise protocol, either VC or RTF, induced similar potentiation effects on the vertical jump (post 6 h) and medicine ball toss (post 24 h) in adolescent basketball players. Only the VC protocol was still effective to potentiate CMJ performance after 24 h.

scholarly journals Muscular Strength Spurts in Adolescent Male Basketball Players: The INEX Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
José A. R. Maia ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Filipa Sousa ◽  
Eduardo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Medicine Ball

Although successful performance in basketball requires high levels of muscular strength during adolescence, its development is confounded by the effects of normal growth. We examine the timing, intensity and sequence of muscular strength according to biological age (years from peak height velocity (PHV)) and hypothesize that young basketball players attain their peak muscular strength spurts around PHV. A total of 160 adolescent male basketballers, aged 11–15 years, were followed bi-annually over 3 consecutive years. The years from attainment of PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) were estimated and five muscular strength measures (sit-ups, handgrip, seated medicine ball throw, squat jump and countermovement jump) were aligned to years from PHV in 3-month intervals. Strength velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical model. The mean ages at-PHV and at-PWV were 13.90 ± 1.40 years and 13.90 ± 1.79 years, respectively. Maximal velocity in sit-ups was attained 6 months prior to attainment of PHV (intensity = 10.69 repetitions·year−1), whereas maximal velocity in squat jump occurred 6 months after-PHV (intensity = 3.93 cm·year−1). Handgrip strength, seated medicine ball throw and countermovement jump maximal velocity peaked at-PHV (intensity = 8.47 kgf·year−1, intensity = 0.75 m·year−1, intensity = 5.59 cm·year−1, respectively). In general, maximal velocity spurts did not differ in their timing, with the velocities reaching a peak concurrent with PHV and PWV or within 6 months of its attainment. Basketball coaches, as well as strength and conditioning trainers, should consider individual differences in strength development and be aware of rapid periods of growth in stature when planning and designing muscular strength training regimes.

scholarly journals Redox Homeostasis and Metabolic Profile in Young Female Basketball Players during In-Season Training

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Rosamaria Militello ◽  
Simone Luti ◽  
Matteo Parri ◽  
Riccardo Marzocchini ◽  
Riccardo Soldaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolite ◽  
Stress Markers

Background: Most studies on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels have been conducted in male athletes, although female participation in sport has increased rapidly in the past few decades. In particular, it could be important to assess oxidative stress markers in relation to the training load because the anaerobic path becomes predominant in high-intensity actions. Methods: Ten female professional basketball players, performing five 2 h-lasting training sessions per week, and 10 sedentary control women were investigated. Capillary blood and saliva samples were collected in the morning before the training session. The antioxidant capacity and the levels of reactive oxygen metabolites on plasma were determined measuring Reactive Oxygen Metabolite and Biological Antioxidant Potential (d-ROMs and the BAP Test). Salivary cortisol was detected by using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The antioxidant capacity (BAP value) was significantly higher in elite basketball players (21.2%; p < 0.05). Conversely, cortisol (51%; p < 0.009) and the levels of oxidative species (d-ROM, 21.9%; p < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in elite athletes.

scholarly journals Assessing Plyometric Ability during Vertical Jumps Performed by Adults and Adolescents

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Snyder ◽  
Shawn Munford ◽  
Chris Connaboy ◽  
Hugh Lamont ◽  
Shala Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Drop Jumps ◽  
Vertical Jumps

The purpose of this study was to compare different methods for assessing plyometric ability during countermovement (CMJ) and drop jumps (DJ) in a group of adults and adolescents. Ten resistance-trained adult men (age: 22.6 ± 1.6 years) and ten adolescent male basketball players (age: 16.5 ± 0.7 years) performed a CMJ and a DJ from a height of 0.40 m. Jump height (JH), contact time, normalized work (WNORM), and power output (PONORM) during the absorption and propulsion phases were calculated from force platforms and 3-D motion analysis data. Plyometric ability was assessed using the modified reactive strength index (RSIMOD during CMJ) and the reactive strength index (RSI during DJ) as well as three indices using propulsion time, propulsion work (PWI), and propulsion power. Adults jumped significantly higher than adolescents (mean difference [MD]: 0.05 m) while JH (MD: 0.05 m) and ground contact time (MD: 0.29 s) decreased significantly from CMJ to DJ. WNORM (MD: 4.2 J/kg) and PONORM (MD: 24.2 W/kg) during the absorption phase of CMJ were significantly less than these variables during the propulsion phases of the jumps. The reactive strength index variants increased significantly from the CMJ to DJ (MD: 0.23) while all other plyometric indices decreased significantly. Neither RSIMOD nor RSI contributed significantly to the prediction of JH during CMJ and DJ, respectively, while PWI was able to explain ≥68% of the variance in JH. Variants of the reactive strength index do not reflect the changes in mechanical variables during the ground contact phase of CMJ and DJ and may not provide an accurate assessment of plyometric ability during different vertical jumps.

scholarly journals Effects of Plyometric vs. Combined Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Biomechanics in Female Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Alberto Sánchez-Sixto ◽  
Andrew J Harrison ◽  
Pablo Floría
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Velocity ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Combined Training

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effects of plyometric training and combined training programs on vertical jump kinematics and kinetics of female basketball players. Thirty-six female basketball players were included in the study and further divided into three groups: plyometric training, n = 11; combined training n =13; and a control group, n =12. Combined training comprised full squat exercise with low resistance (50-65% 1RM) and low volume (3-6 repetitions/set) combined with repeated jumps. Plyometric training included drop jumps and repeated jumps. Both training methods showed a moderate increase in jump performance, although combined training achieved substantially higher values than plyometric training alone. After plyometric training, the vertical velocity and displacement of the center of mass of the countermovement jump increased, while force variables decreased. Combined training increased power, vertical velocity and displacement of the center of mass, but force variables remained unchanged. Both training methods improved jump height, velocity and displacement of the center of mass. Combined training maintained force measures while plyometric training decreased them. These results indicate that combined training might provide better outcomes on jump performance than plyometric training alone. It also appears important to measure biomechanical variables to appropriately interpret the effects of different training methods.

scholarly journals Discrepancies Exist between Exercise Prescription and Dose in Elite Women’s Basketball Pre-Season

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Craig Staunton ◽  
Daniel Wundersitz ◽  
Brett Gordon ◽  
Michael Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Objective Monitoring ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Exercise Dose ◽  
Objectively Measured

This study assessed the influence of exercise prescription on the objectively measured exercise dose in basketball. Intensity (RPE) and volume (sRPE) were prescribed by a professional coach on a drill-by-drill basis during pre-season training for nine elite basketball players. Training drills were classified by prescribed intensity (easy-moderate, moderate-hard, hard–very hard, and very hard-maximal) and type (warm-up, skill-development, offensive- and defensive-technical/tactical, or match-simulation). Exercise intensity was objectively quantified using accelerometry-derived average net force (AvFNet) and time spent in accelerometry-derived relative intensity zones. The volume of exercise (exercise dose) was objectively quantified using accumulated impulse (AvFNet × duration). Relationships between prescribed volume and exercise dose were explored by correlations between sRPE and drill-by-drill accumulation of sRPE (dRPE) with impulse. Very hard-maximal drill intensity was greater than hard-very hard (p = 0.011), but not moderate-hard (p = 0.945). Very hard-maximal drills included the most time performing Supra-maximal intensity (>100% V ˙ O2R) efforts (p < 0.001), suggesting that intensity prescription was based upon the amount of high-intensity exercise. Correlations between impulse with sRPE and dRPE were moderate (r = 0.401, p = 0.197) and very-large (r = 0.807, p = 0.002), respectively, demonstrating that the coach misinterpreted the accumulative effect of drill volume over an entire training session. Overall, a mismatch existed between exercise prescription and exercise dose. Objective monitoring might assist coaches to improve precision of exercise prescription.

scholarly journals Determining strength training needs using the force-velocity profile of elite female handball and volleyball players

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412096404
Author(s):  
Leonidas Petridis ◽  
Gergely Pálinkás ◽  
Zsófia Tróznai ◽  
Bettina Béres ◽  
Katinka Utczás
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Force Velocity

The aim of this study was to assess the vertical jump performance and the force-velocity profile of elite female handball and volleyball players. Forty-one female athletes were measured, 28 handball players (age: 24.0 ± 3.6 years, body height: 1.75 ± 0.05 m, body mass: 69.0 ± 7.3 kg) and 13 volleyball players (age: 24.1 ± 5.2 years, body height: 1.83 ± 0.07 m and body mass: 74.9 ± 7.9 kg). All players performed unloaded and loaded countermovement jumps (CMJ) on a force platform. The theoretical maximal force ( F0), the theoretical maximum velocity ( v0), the theoretical maximal power ( Pmax), the slope of the F-v relationship ( Sfv) and the force-velocity imbalance ( FVimb) were calculated. Mean value of vertical jump height was 0.33 ± 0.03m, with no difference between handball and volleyball players. Mean values of F0, v0, Pmax, Sfv and FVimb for all players were 31.2 ± 2.6 N/kg, 3.10 ± 0.50 m·s−1, 24.2 ± 3.2 w/kg, -10.32 ± 2.09 Ns/m/kg and 28.1 ± 13.3% respectively. Two players had a low magnitude velocity-deficit, whereas most of the players exhibited a low to high force-deficit. A strong correlation was found between the ratio of measured to optimal F-v slope with the change in the proportion of net force to total force during unloaded and loaded conditions. The findings suggest that it would be beneficial for these athletes to first decrease their force deficit through mainly maximal strength training before implementing training to further maximize power output. Establishment of the F-v profile could be a useful diagnostic tool for coaches to optimize strength training and to design training intervention based on the individual need of each athlete.

Monitoring Workload in Elite Female Basketball Players During the In-Season Phase: Weekly Fluctuations and Effect of Playing Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrikas Paulauskas ◽  
Rasa Kreivyte ◽  
Aaron T. Scanlan ◽  
Alexandre Moreira ◽  
Laimonas Siupsinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
And Training ◽  
Basketball Teams

Purpose:To assess the weekly fluctuations in workload and differences in workload according to playing time in elite female basketball players.Methods:A total of 29 female basketball players (mean [SD] age 21 [5] y, stature 181 [7] cm, body mass 71 [7] kg, playing experience 12 [5] y) belonging to the 7 women’s basketball teams competing in the first-division Lithuanian Women’s Basketball League were recruited. Individualized training loads (TLs) and game loads (GLs) were assessed using the session rating of perceived exertion after each training session and game during the entire in-season phase (24 wk). Percentage changes in total weekly TL (weekly TL + GL), weekly TL, weekly GL, chronic workload, acute:chronic workload ratio, training monotony, and training strain were calculated. Mixed linear models were used to assess differences for each dependent variable, with playing time (low vs high) used as fixed factor and subject, week, and team as random factors.Results:The highest changes in total weekly TL, weekly TL, and acute:chronic workload ratio were evident in week 13 (47%, 120%, and 49%, respectively). Chronic workload showed weekly changes ≤10%, whereas monotony and training strain registered highest fluctuations in weeks 17 (34%) and 15 (59%), respectively. A statistically significant difference in GL was evident between players completing low and high playing times (P = .026, moderate), whereas no significant differences (P > .05) were found for all other dependent variables.Conclusions:Coaches of elite women’s basketball teams should monitor weekly changes in workload during the in-season phase to identify weeks that may predispose players to unwanted spikes and adjust player workload according to playing time.

Dynamic Analysis and Modeling Simulation of Distance and Speed of a Solid Sphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Yao Lei Li ◽  
Cong Xian Wang ◽  
Xin Yuan Ye
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Solid Sphere ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Complex Technology ◽  
Basketball Coaches ◽  
Medicine Ball

Relative to the sports that have complex technology, basketball sport not only needs the basketball players have very good physical quality and accurate skill of passing, shooting a ball if you want to achieve process of good passing, dribbling, pitching and so on. And relative to the research angle of current way of raising level of basketball fast break and pass, the medicine ball training angle is insufficient, therefore this paper departed from the basis literature of technical of medicine ball training and basketball fast break and pass, and had research according to the universities basketball class, selected two classes to have contrast analysis of the tradition and medicine ball training, and got strong guidance of medicine ball training contributes to the improve distance and speed of basketball fast break and pass, this helps basketball coaches who can effectively use this method to improve basketball fast break and pass technology of the players, and improve the players' physical quality.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball Players

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utku Alemdaroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sprint Ability

The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball PlayersThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee strength, anaerobic performance, sprinting ability, agility and vertical jump performance in first division basketball players. Twelve male first division basketball players participated in this study. The mean age was 25.1 ± 1.7 yrs; mean body height 194.8 ± 5.7 cm; mean body mass 92.3± 9.8 kg; mean PBF 10.1± 5.1; and mean VO2max50.55 ± 6.7 ml/kg/min. Quadriceps and hamstrings were measured at 60° and 180°/s, anaerobic performance was evaluated using the Wingate anaerobic power test, sprint ability was determined by single sprint performance (10-30 m), jump performance was evaluated by countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) tests and agility performance was measured using the T drill agility test. Quadriceps strength was significantly correlated with peak power at all contraction velocities. However, for mean power, significant correlation was only found between the 60° left and 180° right knee quadriceps measurements. No measure of strength was significantly related to the measurements from/results of field tests. Moreover, strong relations were found between the performance of athletes in different field tests (p< 0.05). The use of correlation analysis is the limitation of the this study.

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