Estimates of structural unemployment rates at a regional level: example of the Czech economy

Abstract This paper’s main aim is to observe and confirm youth unemployment as a structural phenomenon in certain EU countries, including Slovenia. An innovative contribution is that it complements the prevailing economistic discourse with a sociological one. In the introduction, a brief history and overview of youth unemployment is presented. Slovenia is only briefly mentioned as having one of the relatively longest-lasting youth unemployment rates in the EU. In sections 2 and 3, approaches from economics and sociology are relied on while discussing three ‘types’ of EU countries with regard to different structural unemployment rates. From a sociological view, the longterm nature of youth unemployment is described, together with its impact on the social structure and (possible) socially destructive and economically destabilizing consequences. In section 4, analysis of “every-day life” indicators, namely, young people’s perceptions of work and life, reveals some surprising facts that depart from previous findings. In short: young people are more satisfied with their work and lives than older generations.

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Unemployment hysteresis in the “Nordic Kitten”: Evidence from five Estonian regions

Panoeconomicus ◽

10.2298/pan1505631f ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 631-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fumitaka Furuoka

Keyword(s):

Stationary Process ◽

Practical Implication ◽

Regional Level ◽

Unit Root Tests ◽

Panel Unit Root Tests ◽

Natural Rate ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Unemployment Rates ◽

Research Implication ◽

The Government

Unemployment hysteresis is a much discussed and researched topic in macroeconomics. The present paper examined unemployment hysteresis in five Estonian regions. It used two panel data methods, namely, the Im-Pesaran-Shin (IPS) test and the Fourier Im-Pesaran-Shin (FIPS) test. The originality and value of this paper is that this is the first study that uses the panel unit root tests to examine unemployment dynamics in the Estonian regions. The findings revealed that the unemployment rates in the Estonian regions could be best described as a stationary process. This result is in line with the natural rate hypothesis. A research implication is that this study has illustrated that nonlinear tests could be an appropriate approach to examine unemployment hysteresis because other methods may fail to reject the null hypothesis. A practical implication of this study is that it sheds light on the nature of unemployment dynamics in Estonia at the regional level. As the findings revealed, the unemployment rates in the Estonian regions had the meanreversion property. Therefore, the higher-than-normal unemployment rates are likely to return to the natural level even in the absence of intervention policies initiated by the government or policy makers.

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Explaining High Unemployment in ECCU Countries

IMF Working Papers ◽

10.5089/9781498318709.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (144) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ronald James ◽

Jemma Lafeuillee ◽

Mike Xin Li ◽

Gonzalo Salinas ◽

Yevgeniya Savchenko

Keyword(s):

Labor Force Participation ◽

Reservation Wage ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Structural Unemployment ◽

Unemployment Rates ◽

The Public ◽

Cyclical Component ◽

Skills Mismatch ◽

Unit Labor Costs ◽

Phase Out

In recent years, unemployment rates in some ECCU countries have been among the highest globally. This paper evaluates several factors that could explain them, finding that high unit labor costs, in a context of strong unionization, are significantly associated with high structural unemployment, while the global crisis added a cyclical component. Our analysis also suggests that high-paid jobs in the public and tourism sectors, which have been growing considerably in recent decades, could have increased the reservation wage and lowered labor force participation. We find no indication that high structural unemployment is related to the phase out of EU preferences on bananas/sugar exports or to a skills mismatch. As expected, unemployment has been substantially, but only temporarily fueled by large natural disasters.

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Effects of Mortality Salience on Ethnocentric Consumer Behavior at a Regional Level

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e621442012-073 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Marchlewski ◽

Detlef Fetchenhauer

Keyword(s):

Consumer Behavior ◽

Mortality Salience ◽

Regional Level

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Modernization of Russian Economy: Radical Improvement of Investment Climate (The Economic Report of All-Russia Public Organization "Delovaya Rossiya")

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2010-10-68-89 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 68-89

Author(s):

. Delovaya Rossiya (Business Russia)

Keyword(s):

Innovation Policy ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Regional Level ◽

Public Organization ◽

Investment Climate ◽

Economic Report ◽

Russian Economy ◽

Current State ◽

Regional Authorities

The repot considers the current state of the Russian economy, analyzes the drawbacks of the functioning export-raw materials model of its development. The necessity of its changing on the basis of improving the investment climate on the regional level is noted. Corresponding measures on behalf of federal and regional authorities are formulated as well as the directions of innovation policy aimed at modernizing the Russian economy. The conclusion is made that private non-raw materials business should become the main agent of modernization in our country.

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Impact of regulatory framework rigidity on poverty in the regions of Russia

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-12-62-79 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 62-79

Author(s):

P. N. Pavlov

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Regional Level ◽

Institutional Factors ◽

Federal Regulations ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Poverty Dynamics ◽

Regulatory Burden ◽

Sectoral Structure ◽

The Impact ◽

Regions Of Russia

The paper analyzes the impact of the federal regulatory burden on poverty dynamics in Russia. The paper provides regional level indices of the federal regulatory burden on the economy in 2008—2018 which take into account sectoral structure of regions’ output and the level of regulatory rigidity of federal regulations governing certain types of economic activity. Estimates of empirical specifications of poverty theoretical model with the inclusion of macroeconomic and institutional factors shows that limiting the scope of the rulemaking activity of government bodies and weakening of new regulations rigidity contributes to a statistically significant reduction in the level of poverty in Russian regions. Cancellation of 10% of accumulated federal level requirements through the “regulatory guillotine” administrative reform may take out of poverty about 1.1—1.4 million people.

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Convergence of regional population density in Russia over 120 years

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-11-133-158 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 133-158

Author(s):

K. A. Kholodilin ◽

Y. I. Yanzhimaeva

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Spatial Dependence ◽

Population Distribution ◽

Regional Level ◽

Capital City ◽

County Level ◽

Spatial Effects ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Regional Population ◽

Regional Population Density

A relative uniformity of population distribution on the territory of the country is of importance from socio-economic and strategic perspectives. It is especially important in the case of Russia with its densely populated West and underpopulated East. This paper considers changes in population density in Russian regions, which occurred between 1897 and 2017. It explores whether there was convergence in population density and what factors influenced it. For this purpose, it uses the data both at county and regional levels, which are brought to common borders for comparability purposes. Further, the models of unconditional and conditional β-convergence are estimated, taking into account the spatial dependence. The paper concludes that the population density equalization took place in 1897-2017 at the county level and in 1926—1970 at the regional level. In addition, the population density increase is shown to be influenced not only by spatial effects, but also by political and geographical factors such as climate, number of GULAG camps, and the distance from the capital city.

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