scholarly journals The molecular structure of microtubule-associated protein 1A (MAP1A) in vivo and in vitro. An immunoelectron microscopy and quick-freeze, deep- etch study

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1461-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shiomura ◽  
N Hirokawa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy

A 32 kDa surface antigen of Theileria parva: characterization and immunization studies

Parasitology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. SKILTON ◽  
A. J. MUSOKE ◽  
C. W. WELLS ◽  
Y. YAGI ◽  
V. NENE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Theileria Parva ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Major Antigen

Previous studies using monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4C9 specific for a 32 kDa antigen (p32) of Theileria parva demonstrated expression of the antigen on the surface of the sporozoite, making it a potential antigen for sporozoite neutralization. A full-length cDNA encoding the major merozoite/piroplasm surface antigen (mMPSA) of T. parva was cloned and expressed in bacteria. The expressed product reacted strongly with mAb 4C9, demonstrating identity between the p32 and mMPSA of T. parva. Using immunoblot analysis and immunoelectron microscopy with mAb 4C9 it was shown that the mMPSA is a major antigen of the merozoite and piroplasm at the cell surface, while lower levels of antigen are expressed in the sporozoite and schizont stages. Upregulation of the mMPSA occurs at merogony and can be induced by culturing schizont-infected lymphocytes at 42 °C. Recombinant mMPSA of T. parva induced high titres of specific antibodies in cattle but failed to confer protection against a T. parva sporozoite stabilate challenge. The pre-challenge sera also failed to neutralize infectivity of sporozoites in an in vitro assay. Possible reasons for the lack of parasite neutralization in vivo and in vitro are discussed.

Preparation and Properties of a Glycerolatocalcium Complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Taylor ◽  
PG Slade ◽  
GL Aldous ◽  
IR Wilding ◽  
O Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Orthorhombic Unit Cell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transdermal Permeation ◽  
Transdermal Route

The synthesis of a glycerolatocalcium complex has been achieved by heating precipitated calcium hydroxide and glycerol to above 180�C in a microwave oven. The complex has the formula C3H6CaO3, and therefore it appears to have a molecular structure similar to that of the cobalt and zinc analogues. X-Ray powder and single-crystal data are consistent with the complex having an orthorhombic unit cell with a 6.420 �0.006, b 7.930 � 0.010, c 8.967 � 0.010 � and volume of 456.51 � 0.69 � 3. Experiments in vivo (rats) and in vitro were conducted to demonstrate the transdermal permeation that occurred after topical application of this complex. The experiments were aimed at delivering therapeutic amounts of calcium by the transdermal route.

Steroid regulation of Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the rat kidney: effect of a new 19-nor-progestagen

1986 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Botella ◽  
J. Paris ◽  
B. Lahlou
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nomegestrol Acetate ◽  
Steroid Regulation ◽  
Sodium Loss ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

ABSTRACT The effects of Nomegestrol acetate (17α-acetoxy-6-methyl-19-nor-4,6-pregnadiene-3,20-dione), a new 19-nor-progesterone derivative, on renal Na+/K+-ATPase activity were assessed in normal and adrenalectomized rats, and compared with the stimulatory or inhibitory actions produced by other steroids. This compound displayed an inhibitory effect which was similar to, but smaller than, that induced by progesterone and quite distinct from the stimulation produced by 19-nor-progesterone and corticosteroids. In addition, unlike progesterone, it did not antagonize the effect of aldosterone in adrenalectomized rats. This result, together with previous in-vivo and in-vitro observations on this compound indicates that additional modifications introduced in the molecular structure of 19-nor-progesterone produces a potent progestagenic substance virtually devoid of effects on renal Na+/K+-ATPase activity and sodium loss in urine. J. Endocr. (1986) 110, 37–41

scholarly journals Evidence for expression of the C3d receptor of Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo obtained by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy.

1991 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1832-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kanbe ◽  
R K Li ◽  
E Wadsworth ◽  
R A Calderone ◽  
J E Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy

scholarly journals Microtubule dynamics in interphase cells.

1986 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1020-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Schulze ◽  
M Kirschner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Microtubule Growth ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Rapid Incorporation

The sites of microtubule growth and the kinetics of elongation have been studied in vivo by microinjection of biotin-labeled tubulin and subsequent visualization with immunocytochemical probes. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy demonstrate that injected biotin-labeled subunits are incorporated into new segments of growth which are contiguous with unlabeled microtubules. Rapid incorporation occurs by elongation of existing microtubules and new nucleation off the centrosome. The growth rate is 3.6 micron/min and is independent of the concentration of injected labeled tubulin. This rate of incorporation together with turnover of existing microtubules leads to approximately 80% exchange in 15 min. The observed kinetics and pattern of microtubule turnover allow for an evaluation of the relevance of several in vitro models for steady-state dynamics to the in vivo situation. We have also observed a substantial population of quasi-stable microtubules that does not exchange subunits as rapidly as the majority of microtubules and may have specialized functions in the cell.

scholarly journals Properties of Resveratrol:In VitroandIn VivoStudies about Metabolism, Bioavailability, and Biological Effects in Animal Models and Humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gambini ◽  
M. Inglés ◽  
G. Olaso ◽  
R. Lopez-Grueso ◽  
V. Bonet-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Plants containing resveratrol have been used effectively in traditional medicine for over 2000 years. It can be found in some plants, fruits, and derivatives, such as red wine. Therefore, it can be administered by either consuming these natural products or intaking nutraceutical pills. Resveratrol exhibits a wide range of beneficial properties, and this may be due to its molecular structure, which endow resveratrol with the ability to bind to many biomolecules. Among these properties its activity as an anticancer agent, a platelet antiaggregation agent, and an antioxidant, as well as its antiaging, antifrailty, anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, and so forth activities, is worth highlighting. These beneficial biological properties have been extensively studied in humans and animal models, bothin vitroandin vivo. The issue of bioavailability of resveratrol is of paramount importance and is determined by its rapid elimination and the fact that its absorption is highly effective, but the first hepatic step leaves little free resveratrol. Clarifying aspects like stability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol metabolites would be fundamental to understand and apply the therapeutic properties of resveratrol.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

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