scholarly journals An Analysis of Waste Management in the Republic of Moldova: A Comparison of Rural and Urban Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1869-1875
Author(s):  
Kateřina Procházková ◽  
Tatiana Ivanova ◽  
Alexandru Muntean
2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2(21)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Rosca ◽  
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◽  

The Botanical Garden was originally founded as a botanical sector in 1950, and in 1965, it was allocated a new territory of 104 ha, on which its construction began in 1968-1970. In 1975, the Botanical Garden obtained the status of scientific institution. The research activity is aimed at the study of the flora and the plant resources the Republic of Moldova, the use of valuable species for the national economy, the development of the Botanical Garden as a centre of environmental education and the popularization of landscape architecture in rural and urban areas.


1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Gash ◽  
Mark O'reilly ◽  
Patricia Noonan Walsh

We have examined the history of education service provision in the Republic of Ireland for persons with intellectual disabilities. We distinguished between children with mild or general learning difficulties and those with severe and profound intellectual disabilities as the development of educational services for these two groups has differed dramatically. Distinctions between rural and urban educational systems were made where appropriate. We have purposefully neglected to address services for students with moderate intellectual disabilities as we believe that those services for students with mild and severe intellectual disabilities will give the reader an overall flavour of educational services in Ireland within the context of this brief report. The current context of educational service provision in Ireland has also been highlighted with recent debates and suggestions for future development presented.


Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Eades ◽  
Sigrid Kusch-Brandt ◽  
Sonia Heaven ◽  
Charles J. Banks

Garden waste arising from private households represents a major component of the biodegradable municipal waste stream. To design effective waste valorisation schemes, detailed information about garden waste is a prerequisite. While the biochemical composition of this material is well documented, there is a lack of knowledge regarding both the quantities arising, and quantities entering the services operated by waste management authorities. This work studied the quantities of garden waste arisings at urban and rural households along with the disposal methods used. A door-to-door interview survey, an analysis of kerbside collections of garden waste, and an assessment of materials brought by citizens to a waste recycling site were carried out in Hampshire, UK. If extrapolated nationally, the results indicate that households in England produce an average of 0.79 kg of garden waste per day, or 288 kg per year. On a per capita basis, this corresponds to an annual arising of 120 kg per person, out of which around 70% enters the collection schemes of the waste management authorities. The quantity generated by rural and urban households differed substantially, with rural households producing 1.96 ± 1.35 kg per day and urban households 0.64 ± 0.46 kg per day. Rural households adopted self-sufficient methods of garden waste management such as home composting or backyard burning to a much greater extent compared with urban households. Less than half of the generated rural garden waste entered services operated by the waste collection authorities, while urban households strongly relied on these services. A detailed breakdown of the disposal routes chosen by urban and rural householders can support authorities in tailoring more effective waste management schemes.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matija Jenko ◽  
◽  
Barbara Kopačin

Many studies have been conducted in the field of research on the stimulating domestic music environment, which show that the decision to engage children in music, in addition to internal factors in the family, can be influenced by external factors, such as the environment in which families live, too. Active inclusion of Slovenes in choirs is one of the most widespread free activities in the Republic of Slovenia, because according to the Public Fund of the Republic of Slovenia for Culture, more than 64.000 people sing in choirs. However, given that Slovenia is a very diverse country, especially in geographical terms, the mentality of people in different environments is very different, although in Slovenia creative people live in both rural and urban areas. Since in the article we discover, whether singing activity is higher in rural than in urban areas, we will define what both is and what are the characteristics of choirs in Slovenia, and then explore the differences between the above activities of parents and children in both areas. In this paper, we find that there are more active singing groups in urban areas, which include families, where both – children and parents – sing in a choir, than in rural areas, which we attribute to “rurbanization”, which blurs the boundaries between rural and urban settlements and their functions. The paper also confirms the assumption that the stimulating domestic music environment (singing at home, attending concerts with parents and parents' opinion that the stimulating musical environment offered to children at home strongly influences their participation in choirs) is related children's singing in choirs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Thanh Giao Nguyen

The study was conducted to investigate the current situation of generation and composition of domestic solid waste in Cho Moi town, Cho Moi district, An Giang province, Vietnam. The current status of generation and composition of solid waste was evaluated through the placement of garbage bags in households in rural and urban areas. Current management status was assessed by direct interviews with the households. The research results showed that the solid waste generated in the rural and urban areas of the whole town was about 8.5 tons/day, the collection rate was only 60.5% of the total solid wastes generated. The average amount of waste generated in rural areas was 0.31 kg/person/day and in urban areas was 0.44 kg/person/day. In the composition of classified domestic solid wastes, the organic composition in rural areas was slightly higher (82.3%) than that in urban areas (80.6%). The proportion of nylon in urban areas (10.1%) was higher than that in rural areas (6.78%). The remaining compositions had a low percentage, ranging from 0.04-7%. The interview results showed that only 70% of the respondents agreed to place their garbage in the waste bins for the collection while 30% of the respondents chose to burn or directly release the wastes into the environments. The behaviours of the respondents showed that people's awareness of the importance of domestic solid waste management was not high. Domestic solid waste management still faces many difficulties because the Cho Moi district does not have an infrastructure to ensure efficient treatment of domestic solid waste. Raising the community’s awareness and investment in solid waste management are urgently needed to keep a clean environment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Gaudėšius

Urbanization process in the Republic of Lithuania has formed a strong visual, cultural and economic gap between rural and urban areas. Lithuanian villages face major social, cultural changes and economic difficulties, which result in increasing migration of people to cities and foreign countries. Everyone could self-realize only in a safe and comfortable environment. The right environment, in which persons feel safe and are able to realize their potential in activities, can be created by spatial planning. Lithuanian scientists talk much about problems in territorial planning, but no particular proposals are offered and state institutions do not take any measures in order to stop this chaotic urbanization. There are a lot of problems related with land usage, so it is very important to create the sustainable model of land usage in Lithuania.


Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI

This paper aims a comparative analysis at county level concerning urban and rural population access to sanitation services in the context of  EU accession. Partially coverage of population  to such services contributes to illegal dumping  of waste  generated and uncollected.Furthermore, waste management facilities are inappropriate, particularly in small cities or rural areas. Comparative analysis of  urban vs. rural population served by waste collection services using thematic cartography highlights on the one hand the existing disparities within a county and on the other hand reflects the regional disparities across  Romania.The demographic, socioeconomic and geographic differentiations between urban and rural areas amplify these gaps that prevent from implementation of an effective  waste management system at national scale.Thematic maps highlights that urban population is not fully covered by sanitation services while in rural areas less than half of population has access to these services.Also,in some counties, vulnerability to illegal dumping is high in both rural and urban areas.


2021 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Miloš Dimitrijević ◽  
Lela Ristić ◽  
Danijela Despotović

Integrated rural development enables linking agriculture with other economic activities whereby an adequate approach to regional development contributing to a more balanced development among regions. The aim of this research is to indicate that with the concept of integral rural development the differences between regions or rural and urban areas of Serbia could be reduced. Through the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of groups, the important differences were compared, where the results of research showed that they are very significant, especially between the Belgrade Region and the predominantly rural regions of Serbia. These differences can be overcome in rural areas if agriculture is more intensively linked with tertiary and secondary sectors.


2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazli Othman ◽  
Roslina Mohammad ◽  
Samira Albati Kamaruddin

The most fundamental element in planning electronic waste management is to acquire reliable data on the total volume of electronic waste generated from various sources such as residential premises, commercial buildings and industrial areas. Hence, a crucial aspect of electronic waste management is to predict the accumulation of electronic wastes in the future.  This study aims to predict electronic waste to be disposed of for the next 15 years, focusing only on electronic waste from residential areas. A few rural and urban areas of residential premises were randomly selected as a case study. The result for this study was deduced from the survey and interviews conducted in the vicinity of the study area. Thirty sets of questionnaire were distributed randomly at each selected area. The residential area was divided into three categories i.e. residents with low income (LI), residents with medium income (MI) and residents with high income (HI). The survey was done by distributing the questionnaire to investigate electronic equipment usage and its lifespan by users as well as the waste management option preferred by the residents. The findings of the study showed that approximately 51% of the generated electronic waste will go through four stages of waste management options i.e. reuse, repair, remanufacturing and recycling, while approximately 49% of the generated electronic waste will go through the disposal option i.e. landfill sites. The result of the study showed that the predicted lifespan for the electronic equipment used by residents in Malaysia is between the ranges of 0-15 years. On average, as much as 5% of used home electronic equipment will be disposed of after 6 years of usage, 41% after 9 years and 3% after 12 years. From the study, the information regarding the percentage of electronic waste that will be reused, repaired, remanufactured, recycled and disposed of for the next 15 years can be gained and is presented via scientific analysis.


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