Musical Chords as Affective Priming Context in a Word-Evaluation Task

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Sollberge ◽  
Rolf Rebe ◽  
Doris Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Negative Word ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Affective Tone ◽  
Evaluation Task ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Music And Affect ◽  
Musical Chords ◽  
Musical Elements ◽  
Target Words

Using an affective priming paradigm, we demonstrated that the affective tone of musical chords influences the evaluation of target words. In Experiment 1, participants heard either consonant chords with three tones or dissonant chords with four tones as primes and then saw a positive or a negative word as target. Even participants who were unaware of the hypothesis of the experiment evaluated target words faster if the words were preceded by a similarly valenced chord (e.g., consonant-holiday) as compared to affectively incongruent chord-word pairs (e.g. dissonanthumor). In Experiment 2, results of Experiment 1 were replicated even when chord density was held constant at three tones per chord. Results suggest that the affective tone of single musical elements is automatically extracted and might therefore be viewed as a basic process contributing to the strong connection between music and affect.

scholarly journals Affective Priming With Musical Chords is Influenced by Pitch Numerosity

2020 ◽  
pp. 102986492091112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Lahdelma ◽  
James Armitage ◽  
Tuomas Eerola
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Musical Chords ◽  
Negative Target ◽  
Target Words

Previous studies using an affective priming paradigm have shown that valenced chords (e.g., consonant–positive; dissonant–negative) facilitate the evaluation of similarly valenced target words. The role of numerosity (the total number of pitches in a chord) and timbre has not yet been systematically investigated in previous priming studies using consonant/dissonant chords. An experiment was conducted in which 40 participants evaluated positive and negative target words with consonant/dissonant chords used as affective primes. Eight distinct chords (four consonant and four dissonant) were used as primes; the consonant and dissonant chords were equally divided to comprise either two (i.e., interval) or four (i.e., tetrad) pitches. Each chord was played with two distinct timbres (piano and harmonium), resulting in a total of 16 chords. Results showed that congruent chord–word pairings resulted in faster reaction times, and this finding was in line with previous research using consonant/dissonant chords as primes. However, this effect was present only with tetrad chords, suggesting that numerosity influences affective priming done with chords. There were no significant effects of timbre or the musical sophistication of the participants. Arguments are made as to why higher pitch numerosity in chords (resulting in acoustic complexity) might influence the evaluation of valenced target words.

scholarly journals Exploring Affective Priming Effect of Emotion-Label Words and Emotion-Laden Words: An Event-Related Potential Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Chenggang Wu ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Zhen Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Word Processing ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Word Type ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Emotion Word ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Emotion Label ◽  
Target Words

In order to explore the affective priming effect of emotion-label words and emotion-laden words, the current study used unmasked (Experiment 1) and masked (Experiment 2) priming paradigm by including emotion-label words (e.g., sadness, anger) and emotion-laden words (e.g., death, gift) as primes and examined how the two kinds of words acted upon the processing of the target words (all emotion-laden words). Participants were instructed to decide the valence of target words, and their electroencephalogram was recorded at the same time. The behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) results showed that positive words produced a priming effect whereas negative words inhibited target word processing (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, the inhibition effect of negative emotion-label words on emotion word recognition was found in both behavioral and ERP results, suggesting that modulation of emotion word type on emotion word processing could be observed even in the masked priming paradigm. The two experiments further supported the necessity of defining emotion words under an emotion word type perspective. The implications of the findings are proffered. Specifically, a clear understanding of emotion-label words and emotion-laden words can improve the effectiveness of emotional communications in clinical settings. Theoretically, the emotion word type perspective awaits further explorations and is still at its infancy.

The Direction of Affective Priming as a Function of Trait Anxiety When Naming Target Words With Regular and Irregular Pronunciation

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Berner ◽  
Markus A. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Expected Effect ◽  
Negative Affective Priming ◽  
Whole Word ◽  
German Data ◽  
Target Words

Abstract. Results from an affective priming experiment confirm the previously reported influence of trait anxiety on the direction of affective priming in the naming task ( Maier, Berner, & Pekrun, 2003 ): On trials in which extremely valenced primes appeared, positive affective priming reversed into negative affective priming with increasing levels of trait anxiety. Using valenced target words with irregular pronunciation did not have the expected effect of increasing the extent to which semantic processes play a role in naming, as affective priming effects were not stronger for irregular targets than for regular targets. This suggests the predominant operation of a whole-word nonsemantic pathway in reading aloud in German. Data from neutral priming trials hint at the possibility that negative affective priming in participants high in trait anxiety is due to inhibition of congruent targets.

Lateralized affective priming of lateralized affectively valued target words

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Brody ◽  
Steve E. Goodman ◽  
Ethan Halm ◽  
Stephen Krinzman ◽  
Marc M. Sebrechts
Keyword(s):  
Affective Priming ◽  
Target Words

scholarly journals The Effects of Timbre on Neural Responses to Musical Emotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Weixia Zhang ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Linshu Zhou ◽  
Wanqi Wang ◽  
Hanyuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Priming ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
N400 Effect ◽  
Human Voice ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Musical Emotion

Timbre is an important factor that affects the perception of emotion in music. To date, little is known about the effects of timbre on neural responses to musical emotion. To address this issue, we used ERPs to investigate whether there are different neural responses to musical emotion when the same melodies are presented in different timbres. With a cross-modal affective priming paradigm, target faces were primed by affectively congruent or incongruent melodies without lyrics presented in the violin, flute, and voice. Results showed a larger P3 and a larger left anterior distributed LPC in response to affectively incongruent versus congruent trials in the voice version. For the flute version, however, only the LPC effect was found, which was distributed over centro-parietal electrodes. Unlike the voice and flute versions, an N400 effect was observed in the violin version. These findings revealed different patterns of neural responses to musical emotion when the same melodies were presented in different timbres, and provide evidence for the hypothesis that there are specialized neural responses to the human voice.

scholarly journals Cultural Moderation of Unconscious Hedonic Responses to Food

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Krystyna Rymarczyk ◽  
Kazusa Minemoto ◽  
Jakub Wojciechowski ◽  
Sylwia Hyniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Rating Task ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Preference Ratings ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Psychological Studies

Previous psychological studies have shown that images of food elicit hedonic responses, either consciously or unconsciously, and that participants’ cultural experiences moderate conscious hedonic ratings of food. However, whether cultural factors moderate unconscious hedonic responses to food remains unknown. We investigated this issue in Polish and Japanese participants using the subliminal affective priming paradigm. Images of international fast food and domestic Japanese food were presented subliminally as prime stimuli. Participants rated their preferences for the subsequently presented target ideographs. Participants also rated their preferences for supraliminally presented food images. In the subliminal rating task, Polish participants showed higher preference ratings for fast food primes than for Japanese food primes, whereas Japanese participants showed comparable preference ratings across these two conditions. In the supraliminal rating task, both Polish and Japanese participants reported comparable preferences for fast and Japanese food stimuli. These results suggest that cultural experiences moderate unconscious hedonic responses to food, which may not be detected based on explicit ratings.

Priming effects on the N400 in the affective priming paradigm with facial expressions of emotion

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Aguado ◽  
Teresa Dieguez-Risco ◽  
Constantino Méndez-Bértolo ◽  
Miguel A. Pozo ◽  
José A. Hinojosa
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Use of Affective Priming to Measure the Implicit Self-Reference Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Blaszczak ◽  
Kamil Imbir
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Self Reference ◽  
Neutral Expression

A modified suboptimal affective priming paradigm was used to provide an implicit measure of the self-reference effect (Implicit Self-Reference effect, ISR). Hexagrams described to participants as “symbols of different human characteristics” served as judgment target stimuli. Participants (14 women, 12 men; age range = 21 to 25 years) were asked to judge the extent to which the characteristic symbolized by each hexagram was self-relevant to them. Twelve photographs of faces displaying either a neutral expression, disgust, or joy were used as suboptimal primes for each presentation and exposed for 17 msec. Results indicated that participants judged hexagrams affectively primed with faces showing disgust as having significantly lower reference to the self than hexagrams primed with joyful faces.

scholarly journals Valence, expression and identity effects in the affective priming paradigm

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna Yeung ◽  
Alisdair Taylor ◽  
Cristina Rubino ◽  
Jason Barton
Keyword(s):  
Affective Priming ◽  
Priming Paradigm

scholarly journals Diffusion Model-based Understanding of Unconscious Affective Priming in Continuous Flash Suppression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minchul Kim ◽  
Jeeyeon Kim ◽  
Jaejoong Kim ◽  
Bumseok Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Drift Rate ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Positive Bias ◽  
Continuous Flash Suppression ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Facial Identity ◽  
Model Based ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Target Words

Abstract Affective states influence our decisions even when processed unconsciously. Continuous flash suppression (CFS) is a new variant of binocular rivalry that can be used to render the prime invisible and thus unconscious. Nonetheless, it is unclear how prior information from emotional faces provided by CFS influences subsequent decision making. Here, we employed the CFS priming task to examine the effect of nonconscious information on the evaluation of target words as either positive or negative. The hierarchical diffusion model was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Two experiments were performed to investigate the effects of facial identity and facial expression. As a result, a significant affective priming effect on response time was observed only for angry faces but not happy and neutral faces. The results of diffusion model analyses revealed that both the drift rate and nondecisional process are accountable for the ‘positive bias’ - the processing advantage of positive over negative stimuli. Priming effects of facial identity were mapped onto the drift rate and eliminated ‘positive bias’. Meanwhile, positive emotional faces increased the nondecision time with negative target words. The model-based analysis implies that both facial identity and emotion are processed under CFS.

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