Development and Trial of a Mobile Experience Sampling Method (m-ESM) for Personal Music Listening

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Randall ◽  
Nikki S. Rickard

The measurement of everyday music use remains a challenge for researchers, with many of the available methodologies limited by intrusiveness or lack of ecological validity. The Experience Sampling Method (ESM) addresses such limitations by assessing current subjective experience at various times throughout participants’ everyday functioning. The aim of the current project was to develop and trial a mobile ESM (m-ESM) capable of collecting event-related data during natural listening episodes. This methodology was designed to maintain a natural and familiar listening experience for participants, and to collect real-time data on personal music listening. An application (app) was created which utilized mobile-device technology, and allowed combination of experience sampling with a personal music player. Analyses were performed on trial data from 101 participants to determine the efficacy of the m-ESM. Results indicated that this methodology would maintain ecological validity and cause minimal intrusion into everyday activities of the listener. Questionnaires were answered immediately at the time of listening, minimizing the problem of retrospective recall biases. This innovative methodology allows for the collection of a wealth of listening data that will advance the accurate measurement of everyday, personal music listening.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Denisa Apriliawati

Beberapa tantangan dalam penelitian kuantitatif yang masih belum bisa diatasi selama ini adalah validitas ekologis pada penelitian eksperimen dan recall bias pada penelitian survey. Guna menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penulis tertarik dengan penggunaan Diary Study/ Experience Sampling Method (ESM). ESM merupakan metode pengumpulan data secara berkala yang bersifat real-time di latar alami partisipan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review untuk menganalisis definisi, prosedur serta kelebihan dan kekurangan ESM. Berdasar hasil telaah pustaka, ESM diketahui dapat menggambarkan proses inter maupun intra-individu, memiliki validitas ekologis yang bagus, meminimalisasi recall bias dan mendapatkan data yang beragam. Sayangnya, penggunaan ESM masih terkendala beberapa hal seperti self-selction bias, atrisi, motivasi serta kompleksnya managemen maupun teknik analisis data yang digunakan. Hal-hal yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan tersebut telah didiskusikan. Abstract. Some existing challenges in quantitative research are ecological validity in experimental psychology and recall bias in the survey study. In order to answer those questions, the author was interested in the experience sampling method (ESM) or diary study. ESM is a research method that collects data frequently in participants’ real-world settings. This study performed a systematic literature review to analyze the definition, procedures, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of ESM. According to the literature review, ESM is known to describe both intra-individual (within-subject) and extra-individual (between-subject) processes, has better ecological validity compared to experimental research, can minimize recall bias, and was able to obtain various data. Unfortunately, there were some drawbacks such as self-selection bias, attrition, motivation, also the complexity of its data management and analysis. Some procedures to minimize those issues have been discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dominick Constantino ◽  
Naomi Eichorn ◽  
Eugene H. Buder ◽  
J. Gayle Beck ◽  
Walter H. Manning

Purpose This study measures the experience of spontaneous speech in everyday speaking situations. Spontaneity of speech is a novel concept developed to account for the subjective experience of speaking. Spontaneous speech is characterized by little premeditation and effortless production, and it is enjoyable and meaningful. Attention is not directed on the physical production of speech. Spontaneity is intended to be distinct from fluency so that it can be used to describe both stuttered and fluent speech. This is the first study to attempt to measure the concept of spontaneity of speech. Method The experience sampling method was used with 44 people who stutter. They were surveyed five times a day for 1 week through their cell phones. They reported on their perceived spontaneity, fluency, and speaking context. Results Results indicate that spontaneity and fluency are independent, though correlated, constructs that vary with context. Importantly, an increase in spontaneity significantly decreases the adverse impact of stuttering on people's lives. Fluency did not significantly affect adverse life impact of stuttering. Conclusion Findings support a theoretical construct of spontaneity that is distinct from speech fluency and that can inform our views of stuttering and approaches to stuttering treatment.


2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aire Mill ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Jüri Allik

Abstract. Intraindividual variability, along with the more frequently studied between-person variability, has been argued to be one of the basic building blocks of emotional experience. The aim of the current study is to examine whether intraindividual variability in affect predicts tiredness in daily life. Intraindividual variability in affect was studied with the experience sampling method in a group of 110 participants (aged between 19 and 84 years) during 14 consecutive days on seven randomly determined occasions per day. The results suggest that affect variability is a stable construct over time and situations. Our findings also demonstrate that intraindividual variability in affect has a unique role in predicting increased levels of tiredness at the momentary level as well at the level of individuals.


2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Preziosa ◽  
Marta Bassi ◽  
Daniela Villani ◽  
Andrea Gaggioli ◽  
Giuseppe Riva

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazianne-Geneve V. Mendoza ◽  
Christie Sio

Filipino:Sa loob ng mahabang panahon, ang mga metodong pampananaliksik na ginagamit sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP) ay hango sa pang-araw-araw na pakikipag-ugnayan ng mga Pilipino. Ngunit makalipas ang higit 40 taon simula nang unang itatag ang SP, malaki na ang pinagbago ng pakikipag-ugnayan at pakikitungo ng mga Pilipino sa isa’t isa dahil sa modernisasyon at pag-unlad ng teknolohiya. Gayundin, dumarami na rin ang mga iskolar ng SP na kumikilala sa kahalagahan ng pagsasakatutubo-mula-sa-labas upang higit pang mapayaman ang disiplina. Kabilang dito ang pag-aangkop ng mga lapit at metodong pampananaliksik. Bilang tugon sa mga pagbabagong ito, tinatampok sa kasalukuyang pag-aaral ang experience sampling method (ESM), isang metodong malaki ang potensiyal ngunit hindi pa nagagamit sa kontekstong Pilipino. Kumpara sa mga tradisyunal na metodo, may kakayahan ang ESM na suriin at pag-aralan ang karanasan ng tao, kabilang na ang kaniyang damdamin, saloobin, at kilos, habang nangyayari ito mismo sa kasalukuyan. Upang higit na mailapit ito sa araw-araw na buhay at gawi ng mga kalahok, marami nang mga smartphone applications o apps na magagamit sa pagsasagawa ng ESM. Sa papel na ito, tinasa ang kaangkupan ng ESM bilang metodong pampananaliksik sa SP sa pamamagitan ng paggamit nito sa pag-aaral ng mga emosyonal na karanasan ng mga Pilipinong kalahok. Batay sa mga obserbasyong nakalap mula sa pag-aaral, masasabing mayroong natatanging kontribusyon ang ESM sa pag-unlad ng SP dahil tugma ito sa layunin ng disiplina at malapit ito sa araw-araw na pamumuhay ng mga Pilipino sa makabagong panahon. Iminumungkahi ang paggamit ng ESM katuwang ng iba pang metodong kasalukuyang tinatanggap sa SP upang higit na mapalalim ang pag-unawa sa karanasang Pilipino.English:For the longest time, the research methods used in Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP) are those derived from the day-to-day manner of communication among Filipinos. However, more than 40 years since SP was first established, modernity and rapid advancements in technology have greatly changed the way Filipinos interact and communicate with each other. At the same time, scholars have increasingly recognized the importance of indigenization-from-without to further enrich the study of SP, including the adoption of non-indigenous approaches to research. In response to these changes, the current study features the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), which, though currently underutilized in the Filipino context, has great potential in the study of it. Compared to traditional research methods, ESM allows researchers to study people’s experiences, including their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, as they occur in the present. Furthermore, ESM smartphone applications or apps have been created to facilitate the use of ESM in obtaining a more representative sample of the everyday lives of participants. This paper aims to evaluate the appropriateness of ESM as a research method to be used in the study of SP. To do so, ESM was used to study the emotional experiences of Filipino participants. The observations derived from the study lend support to the unique contribution of ESM to the advancement of SP because it coincides with the goals of the discipline and simulates the day-to-day lives of Filipinos in the modern age. As such, ESM is recommended to be used with other methods currently used in SP to further deepen our understanding of the lives of Filipinos.


Author(s):  
Aki Rintala ◽  
Martien Wampers ◽  
Ginette Lafit ◽  
Inez Myin-Germeys ◽  
Wolfgang Viechtbauer

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