scholarly journals Semantic Dimensions of Sound Mass Music

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-242
Author(s):  
Jason Noble ◽  
Etienne Thoret ◽  
Max Henry ◽  
Stephen McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Semantic Associations ◽  
Pluralistic World

We combine perceptual research and acoustic analysis to probe the messy, pluralistic world of musical semantics, focusing on sound mass music. Composers and scholars describe sound mass with many semantic associations. We designed an experiment to evaluate to what extent these associations are experienced by other listeners. Thirty-eight participants heard 40 excerpts of sound mass music and related contemporary genres and rated them along batteries of semantic scales. Participants also described their rating strategies for some categories. A combination of qualitative stimulus analyses, Cronbach’s alpha tests, and principal component analyses suggest that cross-domain mappings between semantic categories and musical properties are statistically coherent between participants, implying non-arbitrary relations. Some aspects of participants’ descriptions of their rating strategies appear to be reflected in their numerical ratings. We sought quantitative bases for these associations in the acoustic signals. After attempts to correlate semantic ratings with classical audio descriptors failed, we pursued a neuromimetic representation called spectrotemporal modulations (STMs), which explains much more of the variance in semantic ratings. This result suggests that semantic interpretations of music may involve qualities or attributes that are objectively present in the music, since computer simulation can use sound signals to partially reconstruct human semantic ratings.

scholarly journals Fast diffusion kurtosis mapping of human brain at 7 Tesla with hybrid principal component analyses

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Fangrong Zong ◽  
Jiaxin Du ◽  
Xiaofeng Deng ◽  
Xubin Chai ◽  
Yan Zhuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

scholarly journals Dimension reduction of Malaria Box data allows efficient compound prioritization

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2701
Author(s):  
Gajinder Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Artemisinin Resistance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Malaria Box

Background: New anti-malarial drugs are needed to meet the challenge of artemisinin resistance and to achieve malaria elimination and eradication. The new anti-malarial compounds are expected to have many desirable properties, such as activity against multiple stages of Plasmodium, low host cytotoxicity, and low propensity for resistance development, but whether and how these properties might be linked to each other is not clear. A better understanding of the relationship between activities of compounds against different stages of Plasmodium could help in the development of strategies to prioritize compounds with maximum potential for further development. Methods: We utilized the large amount of data that has recently been generated on 400 anti-malarial Malaria Box compounds and performed statistical analyses, such as rank correlation, hierarchical clustering, and principal-component analyses, to test associations between activities against different stages of Plasmodium, other pathogens, and human cells. Results: We found significant positive correlations between the activities of compounds against different stages of Plasmodium. Our results also show toxicity associated with assays conducted at higher compound concentrations. Principal-component analyses (PCA) of the data allowed differentiation of Plasmodium-specific activity from general toxicity and predicted success in in vitro evolution of resistance. We found that a single principal-component can capture most of the desirable properties of Malaria Box compounds and can be used to rank compounds from most desirable to least desirable activity-profile. Conclusions: Here, we provide a systematic strategy to prioritize Malaria Box compounds for further development. This approach may be applied for prioritization of anti-malarial compounds in general.

scholarly journals The Interaction of the Parent with the Young Child: Structure and Dynamics of Parental Responsiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
I.N. Galasyuk ◽  
O.V. Mitina
Keyword(s):  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Orthogonal Rotation ◽  
Method Evaluation ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Parental Responsiveness ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents a theoretical justification of the concept of Parental Responsiveness (PR) based on the cultural and historical concept, the activity paradigm and the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which is to operationalize the psychological construct of parental responsiveness and build an explanatory model of the dynamic functioning of parental responsiveness. The study involved 55 mothers with children between the ages of 2.4 and 3.3 years, developing within the norm. The method "Evaluation of child-parent interaction (ECPI)", which provides video surveillance, was used. The data was processed using the Observer XT-14 computer program. The Principal component analyses the method with orthogonal rotation Varimax was used to identify generalizing categories that characterize PR and allows describing their variations. As a result, there were 4 categories (scales) that determine the manifestation of responsiveness by the parent: Dominance, Apathy, Sensitivity, and Support. Their stability was shown in the process of parent-child interaction. A profile of parental responsiveness is constructed for each parent, which determines the extend of each scale when interacting with the child. The developed dynamic multidimensional autoregressive model of Parental Responsiveness allows us to evaluate the dynamics of parental behavior and determine the nature of the relationship between scales during the session.

scholarly journals Body size information in large-scale acoustic bat databases

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Penone ◽  
Christian Kerbiriou ◽  
Jean-François Julien ◽  
Julie Marmet ◽  
Isabelle Le Viol
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Characteristic Frequencies ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Forearm Length ◽  
Broad Scale

Background Citizen monitoring programs using acoustic data have been useful for detecting population and community patterns. However, they have rarely been used to study broad scale patterns of species traits. We assessed the potential of acoustic data to detect broad scale patterns in body size. We compared geographical patterns in body size with acoustic signals in the bat species Pipistrellus pipistrellus. Given the correlation between body size and acoustic characteristics, we expected to see similar results when analyzing the relationships of body size and acoustic signals with climatic variables. Methods We assessed body size using forearm length measurements of 1,359 bats, captured by mist nets in France. For acoustic analyses, we used an extensive dataset collected through the French citizen bat survey. We isolated each bat echolocation call (n = 4,783) and performed automatic measures of signals, including the frequency of the flattest part of the calls (characteristic frequency). We then examined the relationship between forearm length, characteristic frequencies, and two components resulting from principal component analysis for geographic (latitude, longitude) and climatic variables. Results Forearm length was positively correlated with higher precipitation, lower seasonality, and lower temperatures. Lower characteristic frequencies (i.e., larger body size) were mostly related to lower temperatures and northern latitudes. While conducted on different datasets, the two analyses provided congruent results. Discussion Acoustic data from citizen science programs can thus be useful for the detection of large-scale patterns in body size. This first analysis offers a new perspective for the use of large acoustic databases to explore biological patterns and to address both theoretical and applied questions.

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