scholarly journals Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4736
Author(s):  
Sylwia Bajkacz ◽  
Kornelia Rusin ◽  
Anna Wolny ◽  
Jakub Adamek ◽  
Karol Erfurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Extraction Agent

A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χAcOH = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5–30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature.

scholarly journals Green Extraction of Alkaloids and Polyphenols from Peumus boldus Leaves with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Profiling by HPLC-PDA-IT-MS/MS and HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Torres-Vega ◽  
Sergio Gómez-Alonso ◽  
José Pérez-Navarro ◽  
Edgar Pastene-Navarrete
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Medicinal Tree ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Peumus boldus Mol., is a Chilean medicinal tree used for gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Such medicinal properties are associated with the presence of bioactive flavonoids and aporphine alkaloids. In this study, a new green and efficient extraction method used seven natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as extraction media. The extraction efficiency of these NADES was assessed, determining the contents of boldine and total phenolic compounds (TPC). Chemical profiling of P. boldus was done by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photo diode array detector and electrospray ion-trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI-IT/MS) and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). Among the NADES tested, NADES4 (choline chloride-lactic acid) and NADES6 (proline-oxalic acid) enable better extraction of boldine with 0.427 ± 0.018 and 2.362 ± 0.055 mg of boldine g−1 of plant, respectively. Extraction of boldine with NADES4 and NADES6 was more efficient than extractions performed with methanol and water. On the other hand, the highest TPC were obtained using NADES6, 179.442 ± 3.79 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE g−1). Moreover, TPC in extracts obtained with methanol does not show significant differences with NADES6. The HPLC-PAD-MS/MS analysis enable the tentative identification of 9 alkaloids and 22 phenolic compounds. The results of this study demonstrate that NADES are a promising green extraction media to extract P. boldus bioactive compounds and could be a valuable alternative to classic organic solvents.

scholarly journals Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Components Analysis in Ipomoea Cairica (L.) Sweet Leaves: Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Extraction and Dilution Matrix

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xianrui Liang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Headspace Gas Chromatography ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Headspace Gas

In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were used as both the extraction and dilution matrix in static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) for the analysis of volatile components in Ipomoea cairica (L). Sweet (ICS) leaves. Six NADESs were prepared and the NADESs composed of choline chloride and glucose with a 1:1 molar ratio containing 15% water were preferred due to the better peak responses. A total of 77 volatiles in ICS leaves were detected and tentatively identified by mass spectral matching with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, 2014) Mass Spectral Library and the retention index-assisted qualitative method. These 77 volatile components were mainly terpenoids, aromatics, and aliphatics. Among them, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and 2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol were found to be the main components. This investigation verified that the use of NADESs is an efficient green extraction and dilution matrix of the SHS-GC-MS method for direct volatile component analysis of plant materials without extra extraction work.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidative Activity of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Containing Organic Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamarija Mitar ◽  
Manuela Panić ◽  
Kristina Radošević ◽  
Ivana Radojčić Redovniković ◽  
Kristina Zagajski Kučan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Mcf 7

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) may be considered ‘designer solvents’ due to their numerous structural variations and the possibility of tailoring their physicochemical properties. Prior to their industrial application, characterization of NADES is essential, including determination of their physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and antioxidative activity. The most important physicochemical properties of eight prepared NADES (choline chloride:malic acid, proline:malic acid, choline chloride:proline:malic acid, betaine:malic acid, malic acid:glucose, malic acid:glucose:glycerol, choline chloride:citric acid, and betaine:citric acid) were measured as functions of temperature and water content. In general, the structure of prepared NADES greatly influences their physical properties, which could be successfully modified and adjusted by addition of water. All tested NADES were absolutely benign and noncorrosive for investigated steel X6CrNiTi18-10. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of prepared solvents was assessed toward three human cell lines (HEK-293T, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells), and antioxidative activity was measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) method. With regard to cell viability, all tested NADES containing carboxylic acid could be classified as practically harmless and considered environmentally safe. The ORAC values indicated that the tested NADES displayed antioxidative activity.

scholarly journals Green Extraction of Palmitic Acid from Palm Oil using Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamarza Mulia, Ph.D ◽  
Dezaldi Adam ◽  
Ida Zahrina ◽  
Elsa Krisanti, Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

scholarly journals Amino Acid-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Aqueous Environments

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1716
Author(s):  
Meiyu Li ◽  
Yize Liu ◽  
Fanjie Hu ◽  
Hongwei Ren ◽  
Erhong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Phenol Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

The environmental pollution of phenol-containing wastewater is an urgent problem with industrial development. Natural deep eutectic solvents provide an environmentally friendly alternation for the solvent extraction of phenol. This study synthesized a series of natural deep eutectic solvents with L-proline and decanoic acid as precursors, characterized by in situ infrared spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and differential thermogravimetric analysis. Natural deep eutectic solvents have good thermal stability. The high-efficiency extraction of phenol from wastewater by natural deep eutectic solvents was investigated under mild conditions. The effects of natural deep eutectic solvents, phenol concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time on phenol extraction were studied. The optimized extraction conditions of phenol with L-prolin/decanoic acid were as follows: molar ratio, 4.2:1; reaction time, 60 min; and temperature, 50 °C. Extraction efficiency was up to 62%. The number of extraction cycles can be up to 6, and extraction rate not less than 57%. The promising results demonstrate that natural deep eutectic solvents are efficient in the field of phenolic compound extraction in wastewater.

scholarly journals Green and Efficient Extraction of Resveratrol from Peanut Roots Using Deep Eutectic Solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingnan Chen ◽  
Xingxing Jiang ◽  
Guolong Yang ◽  
Yanlan Bi ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Total Extraction

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a new group of ecofriendly solvent combined with the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) technique, were first successfully used for extraction of resveratrol from peanut roots. Resveratrol in the extract was analyzed and quantified using a HPLC-UV method. A series of DESs consisting of choline chloride (ChCl) and 1,4-butanediol, citric acid, and ethylene glycol were formulated, finding ChCl/1,4-butanediol was a most proper extraction system. The optimal extraction parameters were obtained using a Box–Behnken design (BBD) test combined with response surface methodology as follows: 40% of water in ChCl/1,4-butanediol (1/3, g/g) at 55°C for 40 min and solid/liquid ratio of 1:30 g/mL. The total extraction content and extraction yield of resveratrol from peanut roots could reach 38.91 mg/kg and 88.19%, respectively, under such optimal conditions. The present study will provide a typical example for using DESs to extract natural bioactive compounds from plants.

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