scholarly journals Effect of Silicate, Carbonate, Calcium Lignosulphonate, and Silicic Acid Additives on Ammonium Nitrate Degradation

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Ahmet Ozan Gezerman
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Phase Conversion ◽  
Nitrate Degradation ◽  
Physical Degradation ◽  
Silicate Carbonate ◽  
Degradation Problem

Ammonium nitrate is the most commonly used nitrogen fertilizer in the agriculture and plays an important role in the development of leaves and stems in plants. The storage and production of ammonium nitrate at the industrial scale can result in degradation and caking. Various solutions have been proposed, however, to date, an effective solution to the degradation problem has not been identified. The addition of silicic acid during the production of ammonium nitrate prevents the double salt formation caused by sulphuric acid additive, which is a process requirement. Silicic acid was combined with calcium carbonate in the dilution stage in order to increase the fracture strength of ammonium nitrate. With the addition of calcium lignosulphonate, the phase conversion of ammonium nitrate granules was completed more rapidly, and thus the problem of degradation was prevented. Thus, chemical and physical degradation of the ammonium nitrate structure were prevented during the 2-year storage period, which was adopted as the standard for the ammonium nitrate production process.

scholarly journals Effects of Calcium Lignosulfonate and Silicic Acid on Ammonium Nitrate Degradation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Ozan Gezerman ◽  
Burcu Didem Çorbacıoglu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Screening Analysis ◽  
Nitrate Salts ◽  
Nitrate Degradation

Ammonium nitrate salts are the most commonly used nitrogenous fertilizers in industry. However, storage of ammonium nitrate is problematic, since its initial properties can decline because of environmental factors, leading to large economic losses. In this study, in order to prevent the caking and degradation of ammonium nitrate, an alternative composition with additional calcium lignosulfonate and silicic acid was studied. The resulting fertilizer was analyzed by screening analysis, ion chromatography, and electron microscopy methods.

scholarly journals Effects of sodium silicate, calcium carbonate, and silicic acid on ammonium nitrate degradation, and analytical investigations of the degradation process on an industrial scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Gezerman ◽  
Burcu Çorbacıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Inorganic Chemical ◽  
Subsequent Storage ◽  
Nitrate Degradation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ammonium nitrate is an inorganic chemical that has numerous applications in different industries. However, various problems are associated with both the production and subsequent storage of ammonium nitrate, including caking, degradation, unwanted phase transition, and recrystallization. Although several methods have been developed to attempt to solve these problems, many of them fail to work in practice. In this study, different compounds including silicic acid and sodium silicate were added to slow the progress of or to prevent the degradation of ammonium nitrate. Multiple instrumental analyses such as ion chromatography and scanning electron microscopy were used to monitor the degradation process.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dyah Anggraeni ◽  
Nurlela Nurlela
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L).  Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).  Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter.  Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

Characteristics Of The Structure Formation Of Gypsum Binder Modified With Zinc Hydrosilicates

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The authors' methodic for assessing the role of chemical and physic-chemical factors during the structure formation of gypsum stone is presented in the article. The methodic is also makes it possible to reveal the synergistic effect and to determine the ranges of variation of controls factors that ensure maximum values of such effect. The effect of a micro-sized modifier based on zinc hydro-silicates on the structure formation of building gypsum is analyzed and corresponding dependencies are found. It is shown that effects of influence of modifier on the properties of gypsum compositions are determined by chemical properties of modifier. Among the mentioned properties are sorption characteristics (which depend on the amount of silicic acid and its state) and physicochemical properties - the ability to act as a substrate during crystal formation. The proposed method can also be extended to other binding substances and materials. This article contributes to the understanding of the processes that occur during the structure formation of composites, which will make it possible to control the structure formation in the future, obtaining materials with a given set of properties.

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