Preliminary Phytochemical Screening Of Root Extracts Of Myxopyrum Smilacifolium Blume

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (38) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen R.P
Keyword(s):  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Root Extracts

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity, Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Aqueous and Methanol Root Extracts of Maerua triphylla A. Rich. (Capparaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Brian Muyukani Wangusi ◽  
Laetitia Wakonyu Kanja ◽  
Isaac Mpapuluu Ole-Mapenay ◽  
Jared Misonge Onyancha
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Maerua triphylla root extracts are used by Maasai and Kikuyu communities in Kenya to manage headaches, stomachaches, migraines, and rheumatism. However, scientific data on their safety and efficacy are limited. The current study aims to investigate the safety, phytochemical constituents, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. triphylla root extracts. Aqueous and methanol M. triphylla root extracts were prepared by cold maceration, and the extracts’ safety was evaluated using Wistar rats according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2008) guidelines. Standard qualitative phytochemical screening methods were used for the detection of various phytochemical groups in the extracts. Analgesic activity assay in Swiss albino mice was done using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, while anti-inflammatory activity was determined in Wistar rats using the acetic acid-induced paw edema method. The methanol and aqueous extracts revealed LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw, classifying them as nontoxic. The presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols was observed in both extracts. However, saponins were only present in the methanol extract. In the analgesic study, mice that received 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw of aqueous root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg (reference drug) ( p < 0.05 ). Additionally, mice that received 500 mg/kg bw of methanol root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received the acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg ( p < 0.05 ). In the anti-inflammatory study, there was no significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) between the inhibitory activity of different doses of the aqueous root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium (reference drug) on acetic acid-induced paw edema in rats. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the inhibitory activity of 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw doses of the methanol root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium on acetic acid-induced paw edema ( p > 0.05 ). These findings suggest that the roots of M. triphylla may be useful in the safe mitigation of pain and inflammation and therefore support their ethnomedicinal use in the management of pain and inflammation.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Composition of Brachystegia Eurycoma Root, Leaf and Stem Bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
High Concentrations

This study assesses the phytochemical screening of Brachystegia eurycoma root, leaf and bark using aqueous solvent. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of natural products (alkaloids, tannins, steroid, saponin, phenol, carbohydrate, flavonoid, terpenoid, triterpenoids, quinone and cardial glycoside) using standard procedure. The qualitative phytochemical constituents of Brachystegia eurycoma leaf, root and stem bark revealed the presence Alkaloid, Flavonoid, quinone, tannin, saponin and Terpenoids while Phenol, carbohydrate, steroids and triterpenoids are absent in the leaf, stem bark and root extracts of the plant. Cardiac glycoside was only present in root extracts. The quantitative phytochemical screening of the extracts showed that they had high concentrations of alkaloids and tannins and they were relatively low in Terpenoids. The results evidently specifies aqueous extract of leaf, bark and root of Brachystegia eurycoma contains various bioactive compounds which have various medicinal properties that can be used for the treatment of many diseases. However, isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to the biological activity will definitely provide more fruitful results. Therefore, it is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects of Alangium salvifolium (L.F) Wang root extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (42) ◽  
pp. 1060-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrullah Md ◽  
Haque Anamul ◽  
Yasmin Zerina ◽  
Ashraf Uddin Mohammad ◽  
Biswas Kushal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Root Extracts

scholarly journals Triagem fitoquímica e avaliação das atividades antioxidante e citotóxica de extratos etanólicos de Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. (MALVACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Jhonatan Da Cruz Ribeiro ◽  
Marco Aurélio Sivero Mayworm
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Sedative Activity

Resumo: Malvaviscus arboreus pertencente à família Malvaceae, é utilizada em jardinagem, medicina popular e na culinária. Estudos anteriores demonstraram atividade moluscicida e alelopática de extrato das raízes; e atividade antitussígena, emoliente e sedativa de extrato das fl ores. Este trabalho visou avaliar as atividades antioxidante e citotóxica, e realizar triagem fi toquímica de extratos etanólicos produzidos a partir de segmentos de caule, folhas e fl ores de M. arboreus. A triagem fi toquímica avaliou a presença de fenóis totais, fl avonoides, quinonas, saponinas, alcaloides e antocianinas. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada utilizando-se solução etanólica de DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilidrazila) e os valores de absorbância foram interpretados em percentuais de atividade antioxidante (AA%). A atividade citotóxica foi avaliada através do teste de letalidade contra Artemia salina Leach. Demonstrou-seque todos os extratos apresentaram fenóis totais e fl avonoides, porém somente o extrato de fl ores apresentou antocianinas. Quanto à atividade antioxidante, o extrato etanólico de folhas mostrou-se o mais ativo nas concentrações de 100 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL e 10 μg/mL, comparado aos demais extratos. Na avaliação citotóxica, o extrato de fl ores demonstrou maior toxicidade sobre Artemia nas duas concentrações testadas (1mg/mL e 0,5 mg/mL). Conclui-se que os extratos de caule, folhas e fl ores de Malvaviscus arboreus têm potenciais antioxidante e citotóxico nas concentrações testadas.Palavras-chaves: Malvaviscus arboreus; Triagem fi toquímica; Atividade antioxidante; Atividade citotóxica.Abstract: Malvaviscus arboreus (family Malvaceae), is used in gardening, folk medicine and in cooking. Previous studies have shown molluscicidal and allelopathic activity of the root extracts, antitussive, emollient and sedative activity from extracts of fl owers. Th is study evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and performing phytochemical screening in ethanolic extracts from segments of stem, leaves and fl owers of M. arboreus. Th e phytochemical screening aimed to evaluate the presence of total phenols, fl avonoids, quinones, saponins, alkaloids and anthocyanins. Th e antioxidant activity was evaluated using ethanol solution of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and absorbance values were interpreted as a percentage of antioxidant activity (AA%). Th e cytotoxic activity of the extracts was assessed using the lethality test against Artemia salina Leach. Was shown that all extracts showed total phenols and fl avonoids, but only the fl ower extract showed anthocyanins. As the antioxidant activity, the leaves extract was found to be the most active in the concentrations of 100 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, when compared with other extracts. In the cytotoxic evaluation , the fl ower extract showed greater toxicity on Artemia in the two concentrations tested (1mg/mL and 0,5 mg/mL). It’s concluded that the extracts of stem, leaves and fl owers of Malvaviscus arboreus have antioxidant and cytotoxic potential, at the concentrations tested.Key-words: Malvaviscus arboreus; Phytochemical screening; Antioxidant activity; Cytotoxic activity.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ROOT AND LEAF EXTRACTS OF LEUCAS ASPERA

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
VASUDHA K ◽  
ARCHANA D ◽  
MUTYALAMMA B ◽  
KISHORI B
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities from the roots and leaves of Leucas aspera. Methods: The phytochemical screening and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of root and leaf extracts were studied using standard methods. The disk diffusion method was performed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract, methanol extract and hexane extract of root and leaf against to selected bacterial and fungal strains. Antibiotics, streptomycin and nystatin were used as standards for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and scavenging of H2O2 free radicals. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts exhibited the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, steroids flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and phlobatannins. Leaf extracts exhibited effective antibacterial and antifungal activities compared with root extracts against all the tested bacteria and fungi. ME of the leaves exhibited highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (12.8±0.31 mm), followed by Bacillus subtilis (11.4±0.3 mm), Escherichia coli (9.8±0.21 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.3±0.29 mm). Leaf extracts of L. aspera showed effective scavenging activity compared with root extracts. ME of the leaves showed maximum scavenging activities of 38.39 and 36.85%, respectively, against DPPH and H2O2 free radicals with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 136.17 and 142.42 μg/ml. Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis and FTIR spectrum revealed that different plant secondary metabolites particularly alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids could be responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of L. aspera leaf extracts.

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