scholarly journals Demografska kretanja i granični promet kao indikatori (ne)postojanja transgranične regije u hrvatsko-mađarskom pograničnom području

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Vuk Tvrtko Opačić ◽  
Ivana Crljenko

This paper analyzes passengers' traffic across the border crossings and demographic trends in Croatian-Hungarian border area. The aim of this work is to determine the intensity of transborder relations and processes in neighbouring areas in the period of "loosening" of the Croatian-Hungarian border and their reflection in space. This will be determined through the analysis of the population trends in the last intercensal period (1991-2001 in Croatia, 1990-2001 in Hungary). The assumption is that significant transborder cooperation has not been established yet and that a transborder region has not been formed despite the "loosening" of the border. This statement has been confirmed by comparing demographic trends in the settlements with border crossings, in the settlements along the border, but without border crossings, in the settlements that are within 10 km from the border, but do not have an exit to it and finally, in other settlements of the border area from the Croatian and Hungarian side of the border. 

Author(s):  
Zakaria Efendi

Badau is a region in Indonesia located in the Regency of Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan bordering directly with Malaysia. In the Badau District, there is one luxurious border post (PLBN) used by Indonesian and Malaysian citizens to conduct interstate border crossings. Islam is a minority religion in Badau as the native residents living in Badau are the Dayak Iban tribe who are mostly Catholics and some are Protestants, with Islam being a religion embraced by locals of Melayu descent and some converts from the Dayak Iban as well as new comer ethnic groups such as Javanese, Bugis, Batakese, and others. Dakwah (proselytizing of Islam) does not easily reach Badau, due to the fact that there was no interstate dakwah conducted by ulemas from Malaysia. As a region remotely separated from the provincial capital of West Kalimantan, that is Pontianak, the dakwah efforts in Badau were confronted by numerous obstacles such as a time consuming distance of travel by land transport and very difficult terrains. Although Islam is a minority religion there, tolerance is still maintained and a mutual sense of respect among ethnicities, races, and religions has made Badau into a safe border area.[Badau merupakan wilayah di Indonesia yang terletak di Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat yang berbatasan langsung dengan Malaysia. Di kecamatan Badau terdapat satu PLBN megah yang digunakan oleh warga Indonesia dan Malaysia untuk melakukan penyeberangan lintas Negara. Islam menjadi Agama minoritas di Badau, karena memang penduduk asli yang tinggal di Badau adalah suku Dayak Iban yang beragamakan Katholik, dan sebagian lagi beragamakan Kristen, dan Islam menjadi Agama yang di peluk oleh masyarakat Asli yang bersuku Melayu dan sebagian mualaf dari bangsa Iban suku Dayak, dan suku-suku pendatang seperti Jawa, bugis, Batak dan sebagainya.. Meskipun terletak di perbatasan tidak membuat Dakwah dengan mudah sampai di Badau, hal ini disebabkan tidak adanya dakwah antar Negara yang dilakukan oleh Ulama-ulama dari Malaysia. Wilayah yang jauh dari jangkauan Ibu Kota Kalimantan Barat, Pontianak, menjadikan Penyiaran Islam di Badau mendapat kendala, karena jarak tempuh darat yang memakan waktu cukup lama dan medan yang masih sulit. Meskipun Islam menjadi Agama minoritas, namun toleransi tetap terjaga, sikap saling menghargai antar etnik,suku, dan agama menjadikan daerah Badau adalah daerah perbatasan yang aman.]


Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuk Tvrtko Opačić

This paper deals with the importance of the spatial, geographic aspect in analyzing ferry traffic, especially on Croatian islands. The importance of ferry traffic is analyzed within the regional development of the European Union as a whole, as well as through some examples from different states. The analytical part of the paper deals with correlation between the ferry traffic and its two most striking indirect consequences that are present on Croatian islands, and those are demographic development and tourism. There is a close, direct connection between ferry traffic and tourism, as well as between ferry traffic and general demographic trends. Since there is no evidence of correlation between the index of seasonal frequency of the ferry lines (direct reflection of tourism) and the index of change in population trends on Croatian islands analyzed in this paper, the conclusion is that tourism, as the main economic activity on Croatian islands, can ease – but not significantly eliminate – depopulation characteristics of the insular part of Croatia. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Leonas Nekrašas

 Today, both Lithuania and Latvia are part of the Schengen Area, which means their citizens can freely travel between these states. The situation was different during the interwar years: the border between these Baltic Republics was strictly guarded, and traveling abroad was more complex. However, the order crossing for local residents of the border area was simplified by the local border traffic regime agreed upon by both countries. This paper aims to explore the evolution of Lithuanian-Latvian local border traffic policy in the interwar period and its impact on locals (primarily on Lithuania’s side). In the first few years after the establishment of the new states, border crossings for residents of Lithuania’s border area were regulated by internal state legislation. Initially, people were devastated by the requirement to cross the border only at sparsely placed border crossing points, the restrictions on trade, and the radical reduction of the border area. After the peaceful settlement of the Lithuanian-Latvian border in 1921, newly signed bilateral treaties began to solve the crucial problems of the locals. However, there were instances of bilateral friction and various incidents; authoritarian state structures also had reservations based on the issue of potentially unfavorable foreign influences. The breakthrough in the diplomatic relations between Lithuania and Latvia in the 1930s saw a new level of liberalization of the local border traffic policy. A positive impact was widely felt among the locals. However, certain economic concerns made this new policy short-lived. In the interwar years, grievances and discontent toward the new border relations were gradually replaced by acceptance and adaptation. Bilateral cooperation made it possible to react to and suit the needs of the people. The overall Lithuanian-Latvian local border traffic regime showed a tendency of liberalization over time, a process which was curtailed by certain political and economic realities and considerations.


Author(s):  
TIM DYSON

This chapter discusses some of the principal factors that have conditioned changes in the demography of India. The demographic trends at the regional and national level are examined, followed by a discussion of the likely consequences of current population trends. The last section of the chapter includes comments on recent work that has attempted to explain demographic change. Population growth, mortality, and fertility are some topics covered in this chapter.


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