scholarly journals Analysis of The Morphological Characteristics of Bush Frog Philautus spp. Gistel, 1848 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Mount Ungaran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Margareta Rahayuningsih ◽  
Winda Rahmawati ◽  
Amir Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
Meristic Character ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Comparison Methods

Traditionally, the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 contains small Rhacoporid frogs that lack vomerine teeth and a direct development tadpole stage. In Java, this genus consists of 3 species, including Philautus aurifasciatus, Philautus jacobsoni, and Philautus pallidipes. It is known that Philautus aurifasciatus and Philautus jacobsoni are sympatric species from Mount Ungaran and are morphologically difficult to distinguish. Therefore, information is needed through the phenetic characters of each population in the area to identify differences in their morphology. This study aimed to analyze the morphological characteristics of  Bush Frog Philautus spp. on Mount Ungaran in terms of meristic character through a direct field survey and comparison methods. Furthermore, it was conducted by observing 32 specimens of Philautus spp. from Mount Ungaran and compared with the Philautus aurifasciatus from Mount Gede Pangrango with 18 meristic characters. The results showed that Philautus spp. is similar to Philautus aurifasciatus in terms of their meristic characters. The results of the meristic analysis showed that Philautus spp. has a variety of dorsal colors from brown, purple, green, and gray with two types of patterns including patterned groups (resembling letters H, X, and V) and abstract. Furthermore, the throat, stomach, and lower thighs are granular with three snout shapes (protruding, round, and sloping). It has a loreal oblique tympanum and canthus rostralis. The forelimbs are not webbed while the hindlimbs are half webbed, and the inner metatarsal is an elongated oval in shape. Meristic analysis provides a basis for strengthening the taxonomic status of Philautus spp on Mount Ungaran, as well as information the distribution in Mount Ungaran.

scholarly journals Outbreak of Leaf Spot and Fruit Rot in Florida Strawberry Caused by Neopestalotiopsis spp.

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. PDIS-06-20-1290
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Baggio ◽  
Bruna B. Forcelini ◽  
Nan-Yi Wang ◽  
Rafaela G. Ruschel ◽  
James C. Mertely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
A New Species

Pestalotiopsis-like species have been reported affecting strawberry worldwide. Recently, severe and unprecedented outbreaks have been reported in Florida commercial fields where leaf, fruit, petiole, crown, and root symptoms were observed, and yield was severely affected. The taxonomic status of the fungus is confusing because it has gone through multiple reclassifications over the years. Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and pathogenicity tests were evaluated for strawberry isolates recovered from diseased plants in Florida. Phylogenetic analyses derived from the combined internal transcribed spacer, β-tub, and tef1 regions demonstrated that although there was low genetic diversity among the strawberry isolates, there was a clear separation of the isolates in two groups. The first group included isolates recovered over a period of several years, which was identified as Neopestalotiopsis rosae. Most isolates recovered during the recent outbreaks were genetically different and may belong to a new species. On potato dextrose agar, both groups produced white, circular, and cottony colonies. From the bottom, colonies were white to pale yellow for Neopestalotiopsis sp. and pale luteous to orange for N. rosae. Spores for both groups were five-celled with three median versicolored cells. Mycelial growth and spore production were higher for the new Neopestalotiopsis sp. isolates. Isolates from both groups were pathogenic to strawberry roots and crowns. However, the new Neopestalotiopsis sp. proved more aggressive in fruit and leaf inoculation tests, confirming observations from the recent outbreaks in commercial strawberry fields in Florida.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Phylogeny of the Different Populations of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring and S. pulvinata (Hook. & Grev.) Maxim. in Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udon Pongkawong ◽  
◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Rossarin Pollawatn ◽  
Arunothai Jampeetong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Selaginella Tamariscina

Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant

scholarly journals Three New distributional records of Pen Shells (Bivalvia: Pinnidae) from Seagrass beds of Palk Bay Area in Tamil Nadu

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelladurai Stella ◽  
Packiam Paul ◽  
Chelladurai Ragunathan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Intertidal Area ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Hard Substratum ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tidal Area ◽  
Palk Bay ◽  
First Time

The new occurrence of Three species of bivalves from Pinnidae family  is recorded for the first time from Palk Bay area based on a live and dead shells collected from the Intertidal area . All the three species are under the family of  Pinnidae, Pinna bicolor, Pinna deltodes and Pinna incurva . In seagrass bed of Thondi Coast, all the species of Pen shells Pinna bicolor, Pinna deltodes and Pinna incurva  were embedded in muddy sand and found associated with seagrasses at inter-tidal area. It was also found buried in hard substratum associated with living zoanthids and soft coral. The collected specimens were identified as, (1) Pinna bicolor, (2) Pinna deltodes and (3) Pinna Incurva by using both morphometric and meristic characters. The paper described the taxonomic status and the description of the three species of bivalves collected from Palk Bay areas.

A new cryptic species allied to Plestiodon japonicus (Peters, 1864) (Squamata: Scincidae) from eastern Japan, and diagnoses of the new species and two parapatric congeners based on morphology and DNA barcode

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3436 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKU OKAMOTO ◽  
TSUTOMU HIKIDA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The Right

A new species of scincid lizard allied to Plestiodon japonicus (Peters, 1864) was described as P. finitimus sp. nov., fromthe eastern part of Honshu and Hokkaido, Japan. A previous DNA study reported the taxonomic status of the easternJapanese populations of Plestiodon as an undescribed species on the basis of their collective genetic distinctness from aparapatric congener P. japonicus sensu strict from the western part of mainland Japan. We present the diagnostic featuresof P. finitimus compared to P. japonicus and P. latiscutatus Hallowell, 1861, the other parapatric species occurring in theIzu Peninsula and Izu Islands of central Japan, on the basis of morphological characteristics and DNA barcode patterns.Both P. finitimus and P. japonicus have a small postnasal and large anterior loreal that contacts the supralabials. In contrast,the Izu Peninsular populations of P. latiscutatus, which had no known diagnostic features relative to the other two species,usually have a large postnasal and small anterior loreal, with the latter separated from the supralabials by the former, ormay otherwise lack a postnasal. In most populations of P. finitimus, the right and left prefrontals are usually isolated fromeach other, whereas they exhibit medial contact in most populations of P. japonicus. Although all the above characters arevariable both within and between populations, 60–90% of the specimens from each locality on mainland Japan werecorrectly identified using a combination of these characters. Based on these characters, the Russian Far East populationof Plestiodon was also identified as P. finitimus. The interspecific sequence differences in the standard DNA barcoderegion (a 658 base pair fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of mitochondrial DNA) were distinct, andeach of the three species was exclusively clustered in a neighbor-joining tree. The limited hybridization among the threespecies indicated by previous studies suggests that DNA barcodes could provide a reliable key for their correctidentification. The implications for the biogeography and speciation of the three parapatric lizard species are briefly discussed.

Molecular phylogeny of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) isolated from soils in Iran

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosrow Chehri
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Fusarium Solani Species Complex

Members of Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are frequently isolated from soils, food, feeds, trees, and to some extent from humans and other animals. The taxonomic status of these fungi is being revised but no attempt has been made to identify those isolated in Iran, a mountainous country with a high biodiversity. The objective of the present research was to study the phylogenetic diversity of FSSC strains recovered from soils in Iran by analyzing morphological characteristics and DNA sequences. A total of 65 strains belonging to the FSSC were recovered from agricultural soils in western Iran. Based on differences in their morphological characters, 25 strains were selected for phylogenetic analysis employing translation elongation factor-1α (tef1) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences. Comparisons of DNA sequence data revealed that all isolates belonged to Fusarium falciforme, Fusarium keratoplasticum, Fusarium petroliphilum, the unnamed species FSSC 5, and unknown species of Fusarium, which represents a new lineage within members of Clade 3. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic study, F. keratoplasticum and F. petroliphilum were reported for the first time in Iran.

The taxonomic status of the Castelo dos Sonhos Hantavirus reservoir, Oligoryzomys utiaritensis Allen 1916 (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3220 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO AGRELLOS ◽  
CIBELE R. BONVICINO ◽  
ELIZABETH SALBÉ T. ROSA ◽  
APARECIDO A.R. MARQUES ◽  
PAULO S. D’ANDREA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Nuclear Intron ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B

Species of the genus Oligoryzomys are commonly found accross Latin America, and several of them play important rolesas natural reservoirs of Hantaviruses. Here we demonstrate that O. utiaritensis, the natural reservoir of hantavirus Castelodos Sonhos in northwestwern Brazil and previously considered a junior synonym of O. nigripes or O. eliurus, is a validspecies. Morphology, morphometry, karyotyping, and phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear (intron 7 of the beta-fibrinogen gene) and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) DNA show that O. utiaritensis differs from O. nigripes and from otherforms of the genus, including the recently described taxon O. moojeni. Oligoryzomys utiaritensis differs in external (whit-ish ventral pelage and tail weakly bicolored) and cranial (incisive foramina never extending posteriorly the alveolus lineof M1) characters from sympatric species. It has the highest diploid number (2n=72) within Oligoryzomys, and is charac-terized by three putative synapomorphies in cytochrome b, and one in intron 7 of beta fibrinogen. We also point to theassignment of Oligoryzomys eliurus as a junior synonym of O. nigripes. Finally, we present phylogenetic analyses of in-trageneric relationships showing that O. utiaritensis is a member of a clade containing Amazonian and Cerrado taxa, including O. moojeni, O. rupestris, and O. delicatus.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of the lesser jerboa Jaculus jaculus (Dipodidae, Rodentia) based on allozymic and morphological variation

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderraouf Ben Faleh ◽  
Abdelwaheb Ben Othmen ◽  
Khaled Said
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Meeting Point

Abstract The lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus, is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae, known to have a number of subspecies. Previous studies of J. jaculus from North Africa found various morphological forms of unknown taxonomic status, which are frequently grouped into two taxa: J. jaculus and J. deserti. We assessed the taxonomic status of this taxon in Tunisia using allozymic (phylogenetic analysis of 23 genetic loci encoding 16 enzymatic proteins) and morphological (multivariate analysis of 13 craniodental characters) analyses of 136 J. jaculus specimens collected from seven localities within its distribution range. Allozymic analysis clearly indicated the existence of two distinct groups of J. jaculus, with a mean genetic distance (D) value of 0.99 and FST=0.52. Individuals within the two groups did not show any obvious geographical structuration, even within the Matmata locality which represents the meeting point for the two groups where they were found in sympatry. Additionally, morphometric analysis of 13 craniodental characters was clearly separated the two groups. These results were obtained over a very restricted area of the total distribution of J. jaculus and strongly suggest the occurrence of two separate and often sympatric species within the currently accepted J. jaculus in Tunisia: J. jaculus and J. deserti .

Taxonomic status, occurrence and lectotypification in the genus Ophiuros (Poaceae) in India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 427 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
KUMAR VINOD C. GOSAVI ◽  
SHARAD S. KAMBALE ◽  
MALAPATI K. JANARTHANAM
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Taxonomic Status

Present status and taxonomically valuable characters of Ophiuros (Poaceae) have been discussed. The distribution of O. exaltatus and O. megaphyllus is provided based on field survey and herbarium consultation in various herbaria in India. Lectotype for O. megaphyllus have been designated.

scholarly journals Ascochyta fabae and A. lentis: Host Specificity, Teleomorphs (Didymella), Hybrid Analysis, and Taxonomic Status

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Kaiser ◽  
B.-C. Wang ◽  
J. D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Ascochyta Fabae

Isolates of Ascochyta fabae from faba bean (Vicia faba) and A. lentis from lentil (Lens culinaris) collected from different countries were used in this study. The Didymella teleomorph (sexual state) of each fungus was induced to develop and mature on inoculated sterile lentil stems. Both fungi were heterothallic, with two mating types, designated MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. When certain isolates of A. fabae and A. lentis were crossed, hybrid pseudothecia developed. Growth, sporulation, colony appearance, morphology, and pathogenicity of the hybrid progeny frequently differed greatly from the parent isolates. Inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from matings among compatible isolates of A. fabae caused disease in faba bean but not in lentil; inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from matings among compatible isolates of A. lentis incited disease in lentil but not in faba bean. Inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from crosses between faba bean and lentil isolates did not induce disease in either host. Asci from crosses between A. fabae and A. lentis mostly contained fewer than eight ascospores that were, on average, larger than those from eight-spored asci. Matings among certain isolates of A. fabae resulted in production of pseudothecia with ascospores considerably larger than is typical for D. fabae. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding patterns of Ascochyta isolates from faba bean and lentil are clearly different, and banding patterns from hybrid progeny from crosses between A. fabae and A. lentis confirmed hybridity. RAPD markers proved useful in supporting identifications of ascospore isolates from faba bean to known Ascochyta species. Dendrogram analysis indicated similarity between the two fungal species was low. The pathogenicity tests, morphological characteristics, and RAPD markers indicate that A. fabae and A. lentis represent distinct taxa. D. lentis, with its anamorph, A. lentis, is proposed as a new species that is distinct from D. fabae, with its anamorph, A. fabae.

scholarly journals Toward a Natural Classification of Botryosphaeriaceae: A Study of the Type Specimens of Botryosphaeria sensu lato

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yupei Zhou ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Lili Zhao ◽  
D. Pavlic-Zupanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

The genus Botryosphaeria includes more than 200 epithets, but only the type species, Botryosphaeria dothidea and a dozen or more other species have been identified based on DNA sequence data. The taxonomic status of the other species remains unconfirmed because they lack either morphological information or DNA sequence data. In this study, types or authentic specimens of 16 “Botryosphaeria” species are reassessed to clarify their identity and phylogenetic position. nuDNA sequences of four regions, ITS, LSU, tef1-α and tub2, are analyzed and considered in combination with morphological characteristics. Based on the multigene phylogeny and morphological characters, Botryosphaeria cruenta and Botryosphaeria hamamelidis are transferred to Neofusicoccum. The generic status of Botryosphaeria aterrima and Botryosphaeria mirabile is confirmed in Botryosphaeria. Botryosphaeria berengeriana var. weigeliae and B. berengeriana var. acerina are treated synonyms of B. dothidea. Botryosphaeria mucosa is transferred to Neodeightonia as Neodeightonia mucosa, and Botryosphaeria ferruginea to Nothophoma as Nothophoma ferruginea. Botryosphaeria foliicola is reduced to synonymy with Phyllachorella micheliae. Botryosphaeria abuensis, Botryosphaeria aesculi, Botryosphaeria dasylirii, and Botryosphaeria wisteriae are tentatively kept in Botryosphaeria sensu stricto until further phylogenetic analysis is carried out on verified specimens. The ordinal status of Botryosphaeria apocyni, Botryosphaeria gaubae, and Botryosphaeria smilacinina cannot be determined, and tentatively accommodate these species in Dothideomycetes incertae sedis. The study demonstrates the significance of a polyphasic approach in characterizing type specimens, including the importance of using of DNA sequence data.

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