scholarly journals Taxonomy of the lesser jerboa Jaculus jaculus (Dipodidae, Rodentia) based on allozymic and morphological variation

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderraouf Ben Faleh ◽  
Abdelwaheb Ben Othmen ◽  
Khaled Said
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Meeting Point

Abstract The lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus, is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae, known to have a number of subspecies. Previous studies of J. jaculus from North Africa found various morphological forms of unknown taxonomic status, which are frequently grouped into two taxa: J. jaculus and J. deserti. We assessed the taxonomic status of this taxon in Tunisia using allozymic (phylogenetic analysis of 23 genetic loci encoding 16 enzymatic proteins) and morphological (multivariate analysis of 13 craniodental characters) analyses of 136 J. jaculus specimens collected from seven localities within its distribution range. Allozymic analysis clearly indicated the existence of two distinct groups of J. jaculus, with a mean genetic distance (D) value of 0.99 and FST=0.52. Individuals within the two groups did not show any obvious geographical structuration, even within the Matmata locality which represents the meeting point for the two groups where they were found in sympatry. Additionally, morphometric analysis of 13 craniodental characters was clearly separated the two groups. These results were obtained over a very restricted area of the total distribution of J. jaculus and strongly suggest the occurrence of two separate and often sympatric species within the currently accepted J. jaculus in Tunisia: J. jaculus and J. deserti .

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of the Calamus javensis complex (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) in Malesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Atria ◽  
M. Eurlings ◽  
W.J. Baker ◽  
J. Dransfield ◽  
P.C. van Welzen
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Majority Rule ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Made In

A phylogenetic analysis on specimen level was made in possible support of a multivariate analysis of the Calamus javensis complex. Nine species, at some time recognized within the complex, and several recognisable forms were included. The phylogenetic markers used were the nuclear 5S spacer (5S nrDNA) and the chloroplast Maturase K (matK). The Bayesian analysis showed that only 5S provided some resolution. The 50 % majority rule consensus showed one major polytomy with a few supported groups, which were mainly morphologically unsupported pairs of specimens. However, one group, the form C. tenompokensis (the only distinct group in a multivariate analysis) is morphologically distinct and phylogenetically monophyletic and can be recognized as a species. Of all other recognizable forms, we only consider C. acuminatus to be regarded as a variety as it was not supported in the morphometric analysis.

Morphological variation in Acrossocheilus hemispinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Barbinae), with comments on its taxonomic status

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2684 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
LE-YANG YUAN ◽  
E ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Body Coloration ◽  
Morphological Distinction

Differences in coloration and morphology between two subspecies of Acrossocheilus hemispinus were investigated based on museum-stored and freshly-caught specimens. There are marked differences in the coloration of either juveniles or adults, and in sexual dimorphism, between A. h. hemispinus and A. h. cinctus. Multivariate analysis of morphometric data too, shows the two taxa to be distinguishable from each other. Differences in body coloration and morphometric characters coincide with those of the mouthpart structure and the coiling pattern of the intestine in A. h. hemispinus and A. h. cinctus. Morphological distinction, coupled with different habitat and food preferences, supports the taxonomic elevation of the two hitherto subspecific populations of A. hemispinus to species.

Morphometric analysis of two sympatric species ofPerinereis(Annelida: Nereididae) from the Brazilian coast

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 953-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cyrino Leal Coutinho ◽  
Paulo Cesar Paiva ◽  
Cinthya Simone Gomes Santos
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Species Definition ◽  
The North ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pattern Of Variation

Species definition is not an easy task, when considering the more than 27 known species concepts. Among them, the morphospecies concept has been one of the most applied since it is based on the use of observable morphological features. Morphometry has been used to delimitate morphospecies or similar taxa complementing the morphological observations and contributing to clarify taxonomic problems. Specimens from the sympatric speciesPerinereis anderssoniandPerinereis ponteni,collected from the north-eastern to southern coast of Brazil and considered synonymous by some authors, were compared through morphometric analyses for the evaluation of their taxonomic status. Morphometric analysis indicates that notopodial cirri lengths in the median and posterior regions on the body clearly allowed differentiation between the two species. Our results indicate that the number and arrangement of paragnaths demonstrate a pattern of variation that effectively differs and could be used to discriminate these twoPerinereisspecies. This distinction was confirmed by the restricted among-population variability within each species, even when populations that are geographically very distant from each other were considered.

scholarly journals Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Mileewinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and a Phylogenetic Analysis

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Tinghao Yu ◽  
Yalin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Protein Coding

More studies are using mitochondrial genomes of insects to explore the sequence variability, evolutionary traits, monophyly of groups and phylogenetic relationships. Controversies remain on the classification of the Mileewinae and the phylogenetic relationships between Mileewinae and other subfamilies remain ambiguous. In this study, we present two newly completed mitogenomes of Mileewinae (Mileewa rufivena Cai and Kuoh 1997 and Ujna puerana Yang and Meng 2010) and conduct comparative mitogenomic analyses based on several different factors. These species have quite similar features, including their nucleotide content, codon usage of protein genes and the secondary structure of tRNA. Gene arrangement is identical and conserved, the same as the putative ancestral pattern of insects. All protein-coding genes of U. puerana began with the start codon ATN, while 5 Mileewa species had the abnormal initiation codon TTG in ND5 and ATP8. Moreover, M. rufivena had an intergenic spacer of 17 bp that could not be found in other mileewine species. Phylogenetic analysis based on three datasets (PCG123, PCG12 and AA) with two methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) recovered the Mileewinae as a monophyletic group with strong support values. All results in our study indicate that Mileewinae has a closer phylogenetic relationship to Typhlocybinae compared to Cicadellinae. Additionally, six species within Mileewini revealed the relationship (U. puerana + (M. ponta + (M. rufivena + M. alara) + (M. albovittata + M. margheritae))) in most of our phylogenetic trees. These results contribute to the study of the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of Mileewinae.

scholarly journals Diversity unearthed by the estimated molecular phylogeny and ecologically quantitative characteristics of uncultured Ehrlichia bacteria in Haemaphysalis ticks, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongru Su ◽  
Eri Onoda ◽  
Hitoshi Tai ◽  
Hiromi Fujita ◽  
Shigetoshi Sakabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Core Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Taxonomic Profiling ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics

AbstractEhrlichia species are obligatory intracellular bacteria transmitted by arthropods, and some of these species cause febrile diseases in humans and livestock. Genome sequencing has only been performed with cultured Ehrlichia species, and the taxonomic status of such ehrlichiae has been estimated by core genome-based phylogenetic analysis. However, many uncultured ehrlichiae exist in nature throughout the world, including Japan. This study aimed to conduct a molecular-based taxonomic and ecological characterization of uncultured Ehrlichia species or genotypes from ticks in Japan. We first surveyed 616 Haemaphysalis ticks by p28-PCR screening and analyzed five additional housekeeping genes (16S rRNA, groEL, gltA, ftsZ, and rpoB) from 11 p28-PCR-positive ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of the respective genes showed similar trees but with some differences. Furthermore, we found that V1 in the V1–V9 regions of Ehrlichia 16S rRNA exhibited the greatest variability. From an ecological viewpoint, the amounts of ehrlichiae in a single tick were found to equal approx. 6.3E+3 to 2.0E+6. Subsequently, core-partial-RGGFR-based phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated sequences of the five housekeeping loci revealed six Ehrlichia genotypes, which included potentially new Ehrlichia species. Thus, our approach contributes to the taxonomic profiling and ecological quantitative analysis of uncultured or unidentified Ehrlichia species or genotypes worldwide.

scholarly journals Multiple Origins of a Mitochondrial Mutation Conferring Deafness

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P Hutchin ◽  
Gino A Cortopassi
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Sensorineural Deafness ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Mitochondrial Mutation ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Multiple Origins ◽  
Mtdna Haplotypes ◽  
Mtdna Sequence

A point mutation (1555G) in the smaller ribosomal subunit of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been associated with maternally inherited traits of hypersensitivity to streptomycin and sensorineural deafness in a number of families from China, Japan, Israel, and Africa. To determine whether this distribution was the result of a single or multiple mutational events, we carried out genetic distance analysis and phylogenetic analysis of 10 independent mtDNA D-loop sequences from Africa and Asia. The mtDNA sequence diversity was high (2.21%). Phylogenetic analysis assigned 1555G-bearing haplotypes at very divergent points in the human mtDNA evolutionary tree, and the 1555G mutations occur in many cases on race-specific mtDNA haplotypes, both facts are inconsistent with a recent introgression of the mutation into these races. The simplest interpretation of the available data is that there have been multiple origins of the 1555G mutation. The genetic distance among mtDNAs bearing the pathogenic 1555G mutation is much larger than among mtDNAs bearing either evolutionarily neutral or weakly deleterious nucleotide substitutions (such as the 4336G mutation). These results are consistent with the view that pathogenic mtDNA haplotypes such as 1555G arise on disparate mtDNA lineages which because of negative natural selection leave relatively few related descendants. The co-existence of the same mutation with deafness in individuals with very different nuclear and mitochondrial genetic backgrounds confirms the pathogenicity of the 1555G mutation.

Biochemical Systematics, Biogeography and Evolutionary Rates in Species of the Mediterranean Genus Tyrrhenoleuctra (Plecoptera, Leuctridae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
J. M. Tierno de Figueroa ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Evolutionary Rate ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Vicariance Event ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe western Mediterranean stonefly genus Tyrrhenoleuctra traditionally includes 3 species: T. minuta (Spain, North Africa, Balearic Islands), T. tangerina (Spain, North Africa), T. zavattarii (Corsica and Sardinia). Since the traditional morphological characters display great and overlapping variation, allozyme electrophoresis was used to clarify taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships within the genus and to discuss biogeographical implications. The results clearly discriminate at least four entities: the Corso-Sardinian unit, for which the name T. zavattarii can be used; the Balearic population, representing an undescribed species; at least two Iberian peninsular species. However, more data on topotypic populations are needed to define the taxonomic status of the Iberian species (including definition of the currently used names T. minuta and T. tangerina). The presence of Tyrrhenoleuctra in Sardinia and Corsica is likely due to an old vicariance event following separation of the Sardinia-Corsica microplate from the Iberian Peninsula. Calibration of the molecular clock (genetic distances vs. Corso-Sardinian plate split from Iberia) resulted in a very low evolutionary rate (0.008 D/my), lower than those found in taxonomically distant groups (including stoneflies) with similar distribution.

Entomophilic nematodes, Diploscapter coronatus and Oscheius tipulae from Afghanistan

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4926 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-416
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD HUSSAIN FALAHZADAH ◽  
EBRAHIM SHOKOOHI ◽  
GHOLAM HOSSEIN MORAVEJ ◽  
PHATU WILLIAM MASHELA ◽  
ABDUL KHALID MADADI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

Several soil samples from different habitats in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan were collected to isolate and characterize bacteria feeding nematodes. The Galleria mellonella-baiting method was used for the isolation of the Afghan insect-associated nematodes. The nematodes were studied using morphological and morphometric data. The Oscheius specimen was characterized by a longer body (630–820 µm) and shorter pharynx (125–145 µm), whereas other morphological characters were not unusual. The Diploscapter specimen had an annulated cuticle, with lip region width 1.5 times shorter than the stoma, and had separated pharyngeal corpus from the isthmus and vulva located in the middle of the body. The molecular data were derived using three loci; 18S, 28S (D2/D3 segment), and ITS rRNA region, which were utilized to measure the genetic distance. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted to reconstruct the relationship tree. Both morphological and molecular approaches confirmed the identity of nematode isolates as Oscheius tipulae and Diploscapter coronatus. This is the first report of insect-associated nematodes from the soil of Afghanistan. Both species were capable of infecting and killing G. mellonella larvae in less than 96 h. 

Pseudodactylaria brevis sp. nov. from Thailand confirms the status of Pseudodactylariaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 369 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUAN-GEN LIN ◽  
ERIC H. C. MCKENZIE ◽  
DARBHE J. BHAT ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Status ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pseudodactylaria brevis, is described, illustrated and compared with other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like taxa. Evidence for the new species is provided by morphological comparison and sequence data analyses. Pseudodactylaria brevis can be distinguished from other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like species by its short hyaline conidiophores and fusiform, 1-septate hyaline conidia. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU and ITS sequence data was carried out to determine the phylogenetic placement of the species and confirm the taxonomic status of Pseudodactylariaceae.

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