scholarly journals Validating the S-STEM among Malaysian Pre-University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429
Author(s):  
A. M. Noh ◽  
A. Z. Khairani
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Malaysian Students

The purpose of this study is to validate the measure of student attitudes toward science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (S-STEM). This study used the cross-sectional design to employ translation and cultural adaptation as well as providing evidence of the reliability and validity of the S-STEM. The instrument was administered to 748 pre-university students in Penang, Malaysia. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with AMOS 19.0. Results support S-STEM as a three-factor multidimensional construct, namely attitude towards science, attitude towards technology/engineering, and attitude towards mathematics. All statistics such as factor loadings, average variance explained, construct reliability, evidence of discriminant validity, and goodnessof-fit indices were found to be at acceptable values. These positive results are significant because although the instrument has undergone numerous modifications, such as translation and others, the generalizability of the instrument is still preserved in pre-university Malaysian students. Counselors may administer the instrument to facilitate the choice of courses to enroll at university. The research may utilize the instrument to gather data in providing measures to improve students’ participation in learning STEM. The practical implications, as well as the methodological limitations of the present study, are discussed.

A psychometric evaluation of the job crafting questionnaire (JCRQ) among employees working in Jordanian universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yasin Ghadi
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose Job crafting is recently argued to have five dimensions (Nielsen et al., 2017): increasing challenging demands, decreasing social demands, increasing social job resources, increasing quantitative demands and decreasing hindrance demands. The purpose of this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties and construct validity of the five-factor model of job crafting, introduced by using a sample of Jordanian university employees. Design/methodology/approach A pre-determined survey on was used. Accordingly, 513 professional workers in several universities completed the survey. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the scale, whereas series of confirmatory factor (CFA) analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were conducted to assess the scale’s factorial and discriminant validity. Other tests were also conducted. Findings As predicted, the proposed model best fit the data. Statistical analysis yielded several findings. First, the results of the reliability test revealed that the five sub-scales of job crafting had significant and sufficiently strong internal consistencies. Second, the results showed that the 15 items loaded significantly with a factor loadings more than 0.50. Third, the CFA results confirmed that the five-factor model best fitted the data in comparison to the one-factor model. Finally, the construct validity of JCRQ-15 was confirmed through its correlation with several validating variables. Research limitations/implications Some limitations need to be addressed. First, the sample came from participants working in specific Jordanian universities which may limit the generalization that could be made from the results to other occupations. Second, due to the cross-sectional design of the present study, the question remains whether the JCRQ-15 are stable overtime. Third, the common methods bias might be a problem because it is one of the main sources of measurement error in validation studies using self-reported scales. Originality/value The present study provided an early supportive evidence for the use of the JCRQ-15 as a valid measure of job crafting in the Jordanian context.

Ascertaining the “Halalness” of restaurants – scale development and validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazala Khan ◽  
Faiza Khan
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Development Literature

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop and validate a measurement scale for determining the “Halalness” of restaurants and related behaviour among Muslim consumers in the absence of the halal logo. The study responded to scholarly calls for further research in exploring the consumption practices of Muslims.Design/methodology/approachThe scale was developed and validated using a rigorous methodology recommended in the scale development literature. The study used a total sample of 438 (66 respondents for pilot study, 208 for exploratory survey and 164 for the confirmatory survey) to collect the data. Reliability and validity of the measurement scale was established through average variance extracted, Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, critical ratios and discriminant validity.FindingsThe results from the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory analysis propose a three-dimensional measurement scale with 14 items for establishing the “Halalness” of restaurants and including social servicescape; neighbourhood and behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was unable to validate a number of cues and behaviour such as the presence of images in the restaurant or consumer responses to the presence of alcohol. The researchers are therefore encouraged to test these cues.Originality/valueThe study addresses a gap in Islamic literature, and it is among the first to provide conceptualisation and empirically validate a scale for measuring the “Halalness” of restaurants. The scale was tested and validated based on samples drawn from two different countries, thereby allowing for generalizability.

scholarly journals Promoting STEAM learning in the early years: “Pequeños Científicos” Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria M. Cabello ◽  
M. Loreto Martinez ◽  
Solange Armijo ◽  
Lesly Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steam Education ◽  
Academic Enrichment ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
High Educational

Education in the early years is an excellent space for promoting integrated learning. The STEAM education model combines Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics holistically and has gained force globally, mostly in developed countries. However, in developing countries of Latin America, STEAM education programs are incipient and still unfamiliar to many early childhood and primary school educators. "Pequeños Científicos" is a pioneer educational program in Chile aimed at providing extracurricular academic enrichment to students 3 to 10 years old, with a gender-empowering approach. With a cross-sectional design and integrating data from students, researchers and educators, this article documents program design and implementation issues based on a partial application of SWOT analysis grounded on strengths, weaknesses and opportunities. The strengths were the strongest elements that might be transferred to similar interventions, for instance, students were positively engaged in the learning processes and actively communicating their advances through diverse artistic formats. The weaknesses were mainly difficulties that can be avoided in future replication, such as teachers' management of children's behavior. Opportunities present alternatives to these types of programs to improve and grow; for example, through articulation of the courses and including children with additional needs. We call for tackling the weaknesses for more efficient application and discuss the promotion of STEAM learning in the early years in the contexts of high educational inequality for future replication in diverse contexts.

scholarly journals Impact of Facebook on Academics of College Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ms. Deepali Mahajan ◽  
◽  
Dr. C. Namrata Mahender ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
College And University ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Facebook has become the most popular among the students. Hence there is a need to examine the effects of excess use of Facebook. There are different factors discovered which leaves greater impact on the students, this study examines the effects of using Facebook on undergraduate and postgraduate students and finding the association between the excess use of Facebook and academic of the students. A cross-sectional design was used to collect the data from college and university students who are using the Facebook. Total 106 participants have participated in an offline survey. The research has shown that there is a positive correlation between Excess use and Academics of students. The results suggests that the moderate use of Facebook can help students in their studies.

scholarly journals THE CHILDBIRTH SERVICES ASPECT THAT INFLUENCE PATIENT SATISFACTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Hema Dewi Anggraheny ◽  
Sudiro Sudiro
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Birth Satisfaction ◽  
Childbirth Satisfaction ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Decision Choice

Pregnant women have higher expectations of the care providers attitude in order to have childbirth satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between childbirth services and birth satisfaction in Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang hospital. We used a cross sectional design and used an interview to collect the data, it was conducted from July to August 2016. A total of 79 women were enrolled in the study that fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The childbirth services and patient satisfaction were measured using survey instruments which wed measured the reliability and validity previously. The linier regression were applied. The majority of the patients (94,9%) were 21-40 years old, 67,1% were university graduate, 40,5% were housewife, 62% were multigravida, and 57% were delivered by cesarean section. There were significant effect between interpersonal relationship (p=0,0001), patient decision choice (p=0,001), and breastfeeding management (p=0,021) and birth satisfaction. The strongest predictor of birth satisfaction was interpersonal relationship.

Differences between organic and conventional leafy green vegetables perceived by university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (7) ◽  
pp. 1579-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Thimoteo Da Cunha ◽  
Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes ◽  
Julia Gabriela Da Rocha ◽  
Talita Gaspar Dutra ◽  
Catarina Vezetiv Manfrinato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Students First ◽  
Likert Scale Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Organic Food Consumption

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate perceived sensory differences of organic and conventional leafy green vegetables through three sensory tests – blind, informed and inverted and the willingness to buy (WTB) them, and associated factors of organic food consumption by these students. Design/methodology/approach The research had a cross-sectional design with university students. First, a questionnaire with 16 statements was presented to 233 consumers with a five-point Likert scale response. The assertions were categorized into five domains: trust in organic production; trust in conventional production; positive attitude to organic; affordable price; and perceived quality. Afterwards, a hedonic scaling was conducted with 150 consumers, 50 in each type of test with conventional and organic leafy green vegetables: lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.); kale (Brassica oleracea L.); common chicory (Cichorium intybus); and endive (Cichorium endivia). Visual aspect, taste, texture, bitterness and overall liking for all samples were evaluated on a nine-point hedonic scale. Findings In general, the participants did not perceive sensory differences during the blind test, but when the information about the vegetables was provided, higher scores were obtained by those products labelled as organic in the informed test and in the inverted test (conventional labelled as organic). This effect was higher for students with stronger attitudes towards organic food. These results indicated that the perceived differences between organic and conventional leafy green by university students tended to be attitudinal and, therefore, can be greatly influenced by the information provided with the product. Originality/value This research showed that university students were influenced by the organic label, revealing their sensory perception about vegetables. This study had multiple methodological approaches, including hedonic scaling and consumers’ WTB. This combination allowed identifying the students’ attitudinal tendency in relation to their sensory perceptions of organic green leafy green vegetables.

scholarly journals Personal Factors Associated with Digital Competencies in University Students in the Context of Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 624-637
Author(s):  
José Luis Valdez Asto ◽  
Luciano Pérez Guevara ◽  
Yrene Cecilia Uribe-Hernández ◽  
Willian Sebastián Flores-Sotelo ◽  
José Antonio Arévalo-tuesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Private University ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Digital Competencies ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The University

The present research aimed to establish the association between personal factors (age, sex, hours connected and school of origin) and the digital competencies of university students, which have been originated and developed with a greater degree of intensity during the pandemic, generating as a consequence the need for distance education. The study was basic, explanatory, and quantitative, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 1242 students of the Faculty of Medicine from the tenth to the fourth cycle: 658 males (53.0%) and 584 females (47.0%). A probabilistic sampling by strata was performed and the questionnaire of Gutiérrez et al. (2017), an instrument for the evaluation of the digital competence of the university student with a reliability of 0.997, was used. It was concluded that personal factors are associated with digital competencies in students of a private university because the personal factors of sex, age, school of origin and hours connected to social networks presented p < 0.05. Regarding descriptive results, 52.3% of male students presented ineffective level. Of students aged 22 years or younger, 58.2% presented an ineffective level. It was observed that 57.7% of the students who come from private schools presented an ineffective level, and 57.1% of the students who connect for 3 hours or less presented an ineffective level.

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the HSOPSC: a reassessment study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Tartaglia Reis ◽  
Josué Laguardia ◽  
Cláudia Garcia de Barros ◽  
Paola Bruno de Araujo Andreoli ◽  
Mônica Martins
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Version

Abstract: This study aimed to reassess the psychometric properties of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) adapted to Portuguese for use in the Brazilian context. An observational, cross-sectional study was performed in a large, private, non-profit, acute care hospital, reference in patient safety, in a major Brazilian metropolis. Participants were selected from a non-probability sample of all eligible personnel in the various hospital departments invited to participate in the study. Reliability of the HSOPSC was assessed by estimating Cronbach’s alpha for each dimension. confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), a matrix of correlations between the dimensions, and exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) were used in exploratory and confirmatory analyses of the structural validity of the construct. The overall response rate was 18.7% (n = 1,439). Four dimensions (“overall perceptions of patient safety”; “staffing”; “teamwork across units”; and “non-punitive response to error”) returned problems of internal consistency. CFA returned acceptable fit with the original 12-dimension model. Correlations between the dimensions of the original 12-dimension model indicated discriminant validity problems, while residual variance was greater than 0.70 in 13 items. The ESEM of the original 12-dimension model returned good fit, with the following indices: CFI = 0.985; TLI = 0.968, and RMSEA = 0.026 (90%CI: 0.024-0.029). Although better than those of the first evaluation, the results obtained in this validity and reliability reassessment of the Brazilian version of the HSOPSC require further research.

scholarly journals A Comparative Research of Sexual Behaviour and Risk Perception in Two Cohorts of Spanish University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yolanda Pastor ◽  
Carolina Rojas-Murcia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Aids Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Hiv Aids

The aim of this research was to describe the sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS risk perception in two cohorts of Spanish university students. A cross-sectional design of two cohorts was employed. A total of 230 university students in 2004 (Mage=19.77; SD=1.73; 72.6% females) and 264 in 2012 (Mage=19.47; SD=1.73; 73.5% females) were recruited. A self-developed questionnaire on sexual behaviour was administered. A MANOVA per cohort, gender and age was performed. The results revealed that there were no differences between the cohorts regarding sexual practices. About one-fifth of sexually active young people used condoms regularly but not always, around one-sixth sometimes or never used them, half of the respondents did not usually require their sexual partners to take an HIV test and only the ten percent had ever undergone it. Three quarters of the subjects perceived some degree of invulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Spanish females perceived themselves more invulnerable.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese version of the Barriers Questionnaire II in cancer pain management: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sakakibara ◽  
Hiroko Komatsu ◽  
Mikako Takahashi ◽  
Hideko Yamauchi ◽  
Teruo Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

Abstract Background: The Barriers Questionnaire II (BQ-II) was developed to assess barriers to effective pain management. In this study, we aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the newly developed Japanese version of the BQ-II (JBQ-II).Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted an ambulatory infusion center for cancer in a general hospital in Tokyo, Japan. Participants were 120 Japanese patients with cancer and 21 Japanese health professionals with experience in pain management. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to calculate reliability. Test–retest reliability was assessed with Spearman’s intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct, criterion-related, and discriminant validity were assessed using information about pain management, daily life, mental health, and subjective health.Results: The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90 for the JBQ-II, and all ICCs exceeded 0.70 (P < 0.01). Factor analysis showed the JBQ-II had a virtually identical structure to the BQ-II, and path analysis supported the JBQ-II constructs. The JBQ-II was weakly correlated with poor mental state (r = 0.36, P < 0.01). Patients’ JBQ-II scores were significantly higher than health professionals’ scores.Conclusion: The JBQ-II is a valid and reliable measure of patient-related barriers to pain management among Japanese people with cancer.

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