STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF NIDATION. XVII. HISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DECIDUALIZATION IN THE RAT

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha L. Lobel ◽  
Liliane Tic ◽  
M. C. Shelesnyak
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Metrial Gland ◽  
Histochemical Changes

ABSTRACT Histochemical changes in the activities of acid phosphatase, considered to be characteristic of lysosomes, and of alkaline and adenosinetriphosphatase, were studied during the period of regression of deciduomata in the uterus of the pseudopregnant rat. The activity of alkaline phosphatase and adenosinetriphosphatase declined rapidly prior to and during the period of involution. A rise in the activity of acid phosphatase began antimesometrially at the periphery of the deciduomata, before shrinkage was evident in the histological preparations. Acid phosphatase activity remained high during the period of regression and subsequently declined. Enzymatic activity was also high in the metrial gland cells, and in the macrophages which appeared in the uterus and apparently contributed to the breakdown and removal of the deciduomata. Changes were also demonstrated in the amount of free lipids and connective tissue components of the uterus. Great variability was noted in the appearance of uteri from animals killed at the same time intervals following stimulation during the period of regression of deciduomata and this variability was related to the time of occurrence of the first ovulation terminating the period of pseudopregnancy in deciduomata bearing rats.

scholarly journals The effect of different copper doses and organic fertilisation on soil’s enzymatic activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Beata Kuziemska ◽  
Andrzej Wysokiński ◽  
Joanna Trębicka
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Organic Fertilisation

A three-year pot experiment carried out in the vegetation hall in 2014–2016 included studying the enzymatic activity of soil, into which various amounts of copper: (100, 200 and 300 mg Cu/kg soil) and organic materials (cattle manure, chicken manure, post-mushroom substrate) were introduced, used separately, at a soil-introduction dose of 2 g C<sub>org</sub>/kg. Copper and organic materials were used once, only in the first year of the study, before sowing test plant orchard grass. In soil collected after the last (fourth) swath of grass in each year of the study, the activity of urease, dehydrogenases, acid, and alkaline phosphatase was determined. Applications of copper to the soil, regardless of its dose, resulted in a decrease in urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase and an increase in acid phosphatase activity. The inactivating effect of this metal on the activity of urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase increased with the increase of its dose. Organic fertilisation generally increased the enzymatic activity of the analysed soil. In subsequent years of the study, urease and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased, while acid phosphatase activity increased. Dehydrogenase activity did not change significantly in subsequent years of the study.  

STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF NIDATION. XVII. HISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DECIDUALIZATION IN THE RAT

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha L. Lobel ◽  
Liliane Tic ◽  
M. C. Shelesnyak
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

ABSTRACT Studies were made on histochemical aspects of uteri induced to decidualize following the application of specific inhibitors of various stages of decidualization: oestrogen antagonist, and antihistamine and following the withdrawal or suppression of progesterone. In all cases decidualization was grossly impaired. Following application of the oestrogen antagonist, decidual foci did not acquire phosphatase activity. Under the influence of an antihistamine, some foci of decidualization were induced, but did not develop. Likewise, when progesterone was withdrawn on the day of induction, decidualization did not take place. Suppression of progesterone when decidualization was already established, either by ovariectomy or by administration of ergocornine, gave histochemically similar results: haemorrhage, leucocytic infiltration, breakdown of decidual tissue with loss of alkaline phosphatase and ATP-ase activities and a rise of acid phosphatase activity. The histochemical findings add support to the postulated mechanism of decidualization which incorporates an oestrogen surge and consequent sensitization of the uterus; a histaminogenic induction of decidualization and progesterone requirement for support. They also confirm the ergocornine disturbance of progesterone status.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DARK RED LATOSOL SAMPLES STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cleber Sousa Vieira ◽  
Ely Nahas
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

The enzymatic activity of soil samples stored at temperatures of 5 to -12oC and at room temperature for 0-32 weeks was determined. While alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity was decreased compared to control in samples stored at low temperatures, acid phosphatase activity showed no significant change.

Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and nitrate reductase activity of selected ectomycorrhizal fungi

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Ho
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

Seventeen isolates, encompassing five genera and eight species of ectomycorrhizal fungi, were compared for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and nitrate reductase activity. Isolates within species differed in enzyme activity and isozyme patterns by host specificity and site (as exemplified by the genus Suillus). Host and site may have affected phosphatase enzyme activity. Generally, the Douglas-fir associates, which dominate in mesic sites, have higher acid phosphatase activity than pine associates, which mostly occupy xeric sites; however, pine associates from mesic sites also have higher acid phosphatase activity (e.g., S. tomentosus). In four isolates of Amanita muscaria, the effect of site was also apparent. Two of them, which have significantly higher acid phosphatase activity than the others, were isolated from mesic sites. The isozyme pattern of the genus Suillus appeared to be separated by host groups. Other isolates with only one species also differed more or less by host groups. They shared at least one band within host groups, except for the two isolates of Paxillus involutus from different hosts. The P. involutus S-403 isolated from an orchard showed much higher nitrate reductase activity than all other isolates. No apparent differences in nitrate reductase activity were found between the other isolates.

Phosphatase Activity of Drosophila Salivary Glands

1948 ◽  
Vol s3-89 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-419
Author(s):  
W. L. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Staining Methods

The phosphatases in the cytoplasm and nuclei of Drosophila salivary glands are better preserved by fixation in absolute acetone than in 85 per cent, alcohol. In whole glands there is relatively little extraction of the enzyme during assay. Phosphatase activity is more resistant to incubation at neutrality than at pH 8.6, but in this material there is sufficient residual enzymatic activity to permit redetermination of alkaline, neutral, or acid phosphatase activity by staining methods after an initial quantitative determination. The state of the membranes of the gland affects the penetration of the substrate sufficiently to limit the activities obtained.

Acid and alkaline phosphatases in the lymphomyeloid tissues of elasmobranch fish

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Fänge
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Alkaline Reaction ◽  
Elasmobranch Fish ◽  
Very High

Activities of phosphomonoesterases were measured at acid and at alkaline reaction (pH 4–5 or 9–65) in homogenates of elasmobranch tissues especially lymphomyeloid structures. The animals were dogfish (Scyliorhinus caniculd) and two species of ray (Raja brachyura, R. naevus). Acid phosphatase activity was high in the epigonal tissue, Leydig's organ, the spleen and the thymus. High activity was also found in the pancreas and the kidney, whereas skeletal and cardiac muscle showed low values. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was very high in the kidney and relatively low in other tissues. Ultrasonification of homogenates from the dogfish resulted in increase of acid phosphatase activity but had little effect on alkaline phosphatase activity. The high activity of acid phosphatase in lymphomyeloid tissue may be due to the presence of large numbers of various types of leucocytes.

scholarly journals HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN OSTEOCLASTS

1959 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. BURSTONE
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cold Acetone

High acid phosphatase activity was observed in osteoclasts of several species using a reproducible azo-dye technique. High activity of two distinct enzymes, acid and alkaline phosphatase, are associated with osteoclasts and osteoblasts respectivey. Althouth frozen-dried tissues are recommended for definitive studies, the enzyme techniques used give satisfactory results with cold acetone-fixed tissues. The most accurate localization of acid phosphatase in osteoclasts in controlled comparative studies is obtained with double-embedded frozen-dried undecalcified tissues in conjunction with naphthol AS-phosphates.

Mercury and other potentially toxic elements in the Sierra Gorda (Queretaro area, Mexico): affection to enzymatic activity in soils.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Higueras ◽  
Karen Arroyo ◽  
JuanAntonio Campos ◽  
Jesus Peco ◽  
JoseMaria Esbrí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Study Sites

&lt;p&gt;Cinnabar mining, to obtain mercury, is still an important activity for the residents of the Sierra Gorda in Mexico, so this activity is currently source of mercury emission and possibly of other potentially toxic elements (PTE). In this work, seven study sites, located in areas with presence of exploitations of active or decommissioned mercury mines, have been studies with the aim of characterizing its occurrence and their effects on soil health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Biogeochemical analyses have been carried out with the purpose of identifying the key factors related with nutritional and toxicological status of these soils, looking for possible relationships between mercury, PTEs and their impact on the enzymatic activity of the soil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The values &amp;#8203;&amp;#8203;obtained for total mercury ranged from 5 to 159 ppm; comparing these values with those from an uncontaminated area, we observe that all zones are above reference range (0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg) and that four of them exceed the maximum permissible limits (23 mg/kg), according to Mexican regulations. Other measured PTE elements were Pb, with a range between 18.7 to 814.1 mg/kg; Cu between 45.4 to 94.2 mg/kg; Zn between 145.1 to 555.8 mg/kg; As between 30.5 to 1590 mg/kg; and Sb between 18.3 to 169.6 mg/kg. &amp;#160;Comparing with other areas, anomalous concentrations of trace elements in soils with the following values are considered: Pb up to 10,000 mg/kg, Cu up to 2,000 mg/kg, Zn up to 10,000 mg/kg and As up to 2500 mg/kg; none of the determined elements exceeds these reference values. In the case of enzymatic activities, a range between 111.36 and 332.38 &amp;#181;gTPF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;day&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; was obtained with dehydrogenase. These values are slightly higher compared to other Hg contaminated soils (110 &amp;#181;gTPF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;day&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) described by this team. For the acid phosphatase, a range between 516.72 to 1606.34 &amp;#181;gPNF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;; and for alkaline phosphatase a range between 1624.92 to 4070.82 &amp;#181;gPNF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. These values correspond to those measured in Sokolov, Czech Republic, ranging from 381 to 1510 &amp;#181;gPNF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for acid phosphatase and 455 to 4820 &amp;#181;gPNF g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for alkaline phosphatase measured in topsoil layer from spoil heaps after brown coal mining.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our results show that the soil has contents of PTE elements indicating low pollution degree, except for Hg, registering concentrations above the maximum permissible limits for non-industrial soils; however, the results of the enzymatic activity reflect a &quot;good&quot; activity. Therefore, the incidence of the presence of these metals in the soil health, as measured through enzymatic activity, does not have a significant impact and the studied soils can be considered as suitable for commercial, residential or agricultural uses.&lt;/p&gt;

Pituitary adrenal interactions in shorn sheep exposed to cold, wet conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Panaretto ◽  
KA Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Adrenocortical Insufficiency ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
Exposure Levels

Newly shorn sheep were exposed to a cold (3°C) wet environment for 8 days; six out of 10 untreated animals died but there were no deaths in a group of 10 that was treated with cortisone. In two other experiments, nine out of 15 control sheep died, but only four out of 15 sheep treated with adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). In a final experiment approximately one-third of exposed controls died compared with one-tenth of sheep treated with dexamethasone trimethylacetate. A significantly greater proportion (P < 0.05) of sheep given ACTH or 1.5 mg or more of dexamethasone trimethylacetate per kg had rectal temperatures higher than 37.8°C during the first 96 hr of exposure than the comparable controls. The adrenal glands of sheep that died in the cortisone and ACTH experiments were heavier than those taken from survivors that were killed after the experiment; macroscopically, the cortices of some of the adrenals from sheep that succumbed were haemorrhagic and resembled the glands seen in the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome in man; all were heavily infiltrated with lipid when compared with the cortices of survivors. ß-Glucuronidase activity in the serum of cortisone-treated sheep (and in untreated survivors) was elevated during the first 2–3 days of exposure and returned to pre-exposure levels; untreated sheep that succumbed showed continuously increasing enzymatic activity. Acid phosphatase activity was initially depressed in steroid-treated sheep and returned to pre-exposure levels, whereas activity increased continuously in controls that died. Total leucocytes were lower during the first 72 hr of exposure in sheep treated with 1.5–2 mg dexamethasone trimethylacetate per kg, compared with untreated controls. We suggest that the enlarged, fat-laden haemorrhagic adrenals found in sheep that died from cold exposure resulted from excessive ACTH stimulation prior to death. The results suggested a state of adrenocortical insufficiency during the first 96 hr of cold exposure.

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