EFFECT OF pH ON THE BINDING OF THYROXINE TO SERUM PROTEINS

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Coutsoftides ◽  
Amirav Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maximal Binding

ABSTRACT The maximal binding capacity of human thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) was found to decrease, and that of thyroxine-binding pre-albumin (TBPA) to increase with an increase in pH in the range of pH 7.2 to 8.2. On the other hand, the transfer of T4125I from the serum to a weak binder (Sephadex) was found to decrease with increasing pH. The same phenomena was shown to exist in mouse and rat serum, and to be blocked by DNP, a potent TBA & TBPA binding inhibitor. It is suggested that serum albumin may play a pH sensitive role in the T4 transfer to tissue.

Mast cells and histamine concentration in muscle and liver of dystrophic mice

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Bois
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Histidine Decarboxylase ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Histamine Binding ◽  
Dystrophic Mice ◽  
Histidine Decarboxylase Activity

The distribution of mast cells in muscle and liver of dystrophic mice was studied; histamine and histidine decarboxylase activity was also measured in the same tissues. Mast cells were significantly more numerous in dystrophic muscles. On the other hand, very few cells could be counted in the liver of either control or dystrophic animals. Histamine concentration was higher in muscle and liver of dystrophic mice; no visible increase in histidine decarboxylase activity could be measured by the methods used. It is concluded that histamine-binding capacity is increased in some tissues of dystrophic mice.

The effect of pH and complexation on redox reactions between RS• radicals and flavins

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan Ahmad ◽  
David A. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Protonated Form ◽  
Redox Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Redox Potential

Elementary considerations indicate that thiol radicals, RS•, should have a high redox potential [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]However, the equilibrium [4],[Formula: see text]which is established in the presence of excess RS−, would convert RS•to [Formula: see text] which is a reducing species. Experimentally it was demonstrated that thiol radicals made by γ radiolysis of β-mercaptoethanol solutions effected two-electron oxidation of dihydroflavin FlH2 at pH 6.3 and of FlH− at pH 8. On the other hand, [Formula: see text] readily reduced Fl to FlH2 or FlH− as expected. At pH 9, photostationary states were established after a few minutes radiolysis and the ratios [FlH−]ss/[Fl]ss were a function of [Formula: see text] The main reactions occurring were:[Formula: see text]The values of k19 and k22 were both large. The ratio k19/k22 was ∼0.8 for lumiflavin and ∼0.3 for flavin adenine dinucleotide. The cyclic disulphide anions of lipoamide and dithiothreitol [Formula: see text] also effected two-electron reductions of flavins. However, the protonated form of [Formula: see text] oxidized FlH2, and the photostationary ratio [FlH−]ss/[Fl]ss was an approximate linear function of [Formula: see text]. The implications of the observed changes in redox properties of sulphur radicals on complexation with RS− and protonation were briefly considered.Des considérations élémentaires indiquent que les radicaux thiyles, RS•, doivent avoir un potentiel rédox élevé [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]

Regulation of rat thyroxine-binding globulin and transthyretin: studies in thyroidectomized and hypophysectomized rats given tri-iodothyronine or/and growth hormone

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vranckx ◽  
M Rouaze-Romet ◽  
L Savu ◽  
P Mechighel ◽  
M Maya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Gh Replacement

Abstract We have investigated the role of the thyroid compared with the hypophysis in the regulation of the two saturable thyroid hormone carriers of rat serum, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and transthyretin (TTR). We examined, at serum and hepatic mRNA level, the responses of TBG and TTR to thyroidectomy (Tx), hypophysectomy (Hx) and replacement treatments with tri-iodothyronine (T3) or/and GH, both hormones which are depleted when the thyroid or hypophysis are removed. The studies were performed on male rats at the age of 8 weeks, when the developmentally regulated TBG becomes undetectable after its transient postnatal rise, while the non-developmentally regulated TTR presents its normal, age-independent level of expression. Tx-induced TBG re-expression was completely reversed by T3 replacement and unresponsive to GH replacement. TTR in the serum, on the other hand, was not affected by Tx or T3 replacement, moderately reduced by Tx in terms of the amount of mRNA, and markedly reduced by GH replacement. GH treatment, moreover, inhibited the expression of TTR in euthyroid controls. Hx, like Tx, induced TBG re-expression, an effect efficiently antagonized by T3 replacement. However, TBG synthesis was higher in Hx than in Tx rats and less effectively antagonized by T3 replacement. Most unexpectedly, GH induced a dramatic further increase in TBG synthesis, and the TBG synthesized in the GH-replaced Hx rats was entirely resistant to down-regulation by T3 replacement. TTR was markedly decreased at both serum and hepatic levels by Hx, unaffected by T3 and further decreased by GH replacement. Our evidence is consistent with two distinct regulatory pathways for TBG, one under direct negative control by the thyroid hormones, without GH mediation, and the other independent of the thyroid, but involving GH, possibly for its role in the control of carbohydrate metabolism. We have shown that TTR depends little on the thyroid and is regulated by pituitary factors in a complex way, since it is inhibited by Hx but also by treatment with GH. The divergent regulatory pathways of TBG and TTR may be important in the homeostasis of thyroid hormone bioavailability. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 142, 77–84

scholarly journals Status of Serum bilirubin, Serum Proteins and Prothrombin time in babies with Perinatal Asphyxia

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Md Tariqul Islam ◽  
Seikh Azimul Hoque ◽  
Fahmida Nazir ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Organ Systems

Background and Objectives: Because of hypoxemia, different organ systems of the body are affected in perinatal asphyxia. This study was carried out to see the status of Serum bilirubin, Serum Proteins and Prothrombin time in asphyxiated babies and to know any correlation existing between hepatic dysfunction and the severity of perinatal asphyxia. Methods: A total of 70 full-term asphyxiated newborns (study group) were studied during January ‘2008 to December ‘2008 in the department of Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. After enrolment these babies were grouped according to Sarnat & Sarnat stages of HIE as stage I, II & III (Sarnat & Sarnat’ 1976). Babies who are small for gestational age, having severe jaundice, sepsis or congenital anomalies of the hepatobiliary system were excluded from the study. A total of 50 healthy newborns were also studied as reference group. Two c.c. of venous blood were taken both from asphyxiated and healthy babies between 2nd and 5th day of life to estimate Total serum bilirubin (TSB), Serum Total protein (STP), Serum Albumin and Prothrombin time (PT). Data were analyzed by computer software SPSS version 15. Unpaired student’s ‘t’ test was used to measure the level of significance and Spearman’s rank correlation was done to see the correlation and at P < 0.05 the results were considered significant. Results: The mean TSB, STP & S. Albumin of asphyxiated babies were 5.52 ± 2.01mg/dl, 55.74 ± 8.84 & 32.60 ± 5.48 g/L respectively and those of normal babies were 4.51 ± 1.19 mg/dl, 66.30 ± 10.36 & 40.90 ± 6.45 g/L respectively and these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). On the other hand no significant changes were noted in prothrombin time. The rise of PT showed a significant positive correlation with the severity of perinatal asphyxia. On the other hand STP, S. Albumin & TSB showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: This study concludes that TSB, STP & S. Albumin significantly elevated and this elevation was proportional to the severity of perinatal asphyxia. On the other hand no significant changes were noted in prothrombin time. Recommendation: A large scale multi-centre study is recommended to establish this finding. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2.16022 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (02): 43-46

THE EFFECT OF CODEINE ON RAT SERUM AMYLASE

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-627
Author(s):  
G. Stuart Wiberg ◽  
Jules Tuba
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Sphincter Of Oddi ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Other Hand

Adult male rats did not display an elevated serum amylase following injection of codeine. Mice, on the other hand, showed significantly increased values of the enzyme after treatment with codeine. The significance of these findings are discussed from the standpoint of the tonus of the sphincter of Oddi, and the presence or absence of a gall bladder.

THE THYROXINE-BINDING PROPERTIES OF SERUM PROTEINS. A COMPETITIVE BINDING TECHNIQUE EMPLOYING SEPHADEX G-25

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. SUTHERLAND ◽  
M. W. SIMPSON-MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Competitive Binding ◽  
Association Constants ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Dilute Blood

SUMMARY A competitive binding technique is described for the estimation of the thyroxine (T4)-binding properties of serum proteins in dilute blood serum and lymph. When used in conjunction with an assay for total T4 the following parameters can be estimated: the number of functionally different T4 binding proteins, their individual association constants and binding capacities for T4, the amount of T4 which is bound to each binding species, and the concentration of unbound (free) T4. Both human and sheep serum have three functionally different T4-binding proteins. The association constants for the three human proteins were 9·5 × 109, 1·6 × 108 and 3·1 × 105 1/mol for T4-binding globulin (TBG), T4-binding prealbumin (TBPA) and serum albumin, respectively. The corresponding sheep proteins, TBG, TBP-2 and albumin, had association constants of 8·9 × 109, 1·4 × 108 and 3·5 × 1051/mol. Human TBG had a mean binding capacity of 21·3 μg/100 ml and that of ovine TBG was 12·8 μg/100 ml. The other specific binding proteins (TBPA in man and TBP-2 in sheep) had mean binding capacities of 307 and 359 μg/100 ml respectively. Two functionally different T4-binding proteins were identified in rat serum.

scholarly journals Serum Fructosamine in Uraemia, Myeloma and Acute Inflammatory Disorders—Relationship to Serum Glucose and Albumin Levels

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
D R McCance ◽  
K C Clarke ◽  
L Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Serum Fructosamine

There has been considerable interest in the serum fructosamine assay as a measure of glycated serum proteins. We have measured serum fructosamine in three groups of patients—those with uraemia; those with multiple myeloma; and those with acute inflammatory conditions—none of whom were known to have diabetes. Serum fructosamine was significantly higher in the uraemic group than in the other two, and also than in a control group. When allowance was made for prevailing serum albumin levels fructosamine was shown to be increased in the acute inflammatory group also. There was a significant correlation between random plasma glucose and serum fructosamine only when fructosamine was adjusted for prevailing albumin levels. In control and uraemic subjects there was a significant positive correlation between serum fructosamine and albumin levels, whereas in the myeloma group there was a negative correlation with serum protein. These data would suggest the need to take into account serum albumin levels and protein composition if serum fructosamine is accurately to reflect short-term integrated glycaemia.

Functional Pool of Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate in Rabbit Platelets

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 008-012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi G Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Platelet Membranes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryAccumulation of the newly formed 14C-cyclic adenosine 3',5’-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was found in the P1 (1.0) fraction, i. e. a platelet plasma membrane fraction which was obtained from 14C-adenine-labeled platelets. On the other hand, total cyclic AMP as determined simultaneously was located mainly in the platelet soluble fraction. Furthermore, the highest value of the cyclic AMP-binding capacity was found in the P1 (1.0) fraction. The cyclic AMP-binding activity of platelet membranes was attributed to two proteins with molecular weights of approximately 48,000 and 68,000.The treatment of 14C-adenine-prelabeled platelets with thrombin (1 unit per ml) led to about 40% decrease in the newly formed 14C-cyclic AMP level and 18% reduction of 14C-adenosine triphosphate level in whole platelets within 10 sec. On the other hand, the 14C-cyclic AMP level in the P, fraction decreased by about 80% of the control value while the total cyclic AMP in this fraction was almost unchanged. This rapid and striking fall in the membrane 14C-cyclic AMP level could be correlated with the more than 2fold stimulation of the membrane-bound cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, together with the more than 20% inhibition of both the cyclic AMP-binding capacity and the adenyl cyclase in platelet membranes by thrombin treatment. These observations suggest the possibility that functional pool of cyclic AMP related to thrombin-induced aggregation is located in rabbit platelet plasma membrane.

Plasma Viscosity in Mental Deficiency and Down's Syndrome

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (479) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Eastham ◽  
J. Jancar ◽  
Ethel H. L. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Serum Albumin Concentration ◽  
Other Hand

Increase in serum gamma globulin concentration with reciprocal reduction in serum albumin concentration is commonly found in patients suffering from Down's syndrome (mongolism) (Carver et al., 1959; Nelson, 1961; Pritham et al., 1963). It is possible that gamma globulin of relatively less effective composition than normal is produced, and that hospitalized living increases production of this faulty protein (Pritham et al., 1963). On the other hand, Polani (1962) suggested that in Down's syndrome there is either exaggerated or diminished response to drugs and hormones, and the raised gamma globulin levels could result from an excessive production of normal gamma globulin, possibly in response to infection.

scholarly journals Resistance in carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a natural bacterial infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stosik ◽  
W. Deptula ◽  
M. Trávniček
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Acute Form ◽  
Two Indices

Sick carps, affected by acute or chronic forms of erythrodermatitis (CE) were studied. The studies were aimed at obtaining pathophysiological data which would permit evaluation of clinical status and prognosis in carps of various age (23&nbsp;or 28 months). This was approached by estimation of the number of carps and of dynamics of changes in nonspecific humoral and cell mediated resistance and in levels of selected serum proteins. The ingesting index of neutrophilic granulocytes and percent of neutrophilic granulocytes capable of ingesting proved significantly higher in sick carps as compared to the healthy carps, at every age of carps and form of the disease. Metabolic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, expressed in the percentage of NBT+ cells was the same in carps with the acute CE form and in the control fish. On the other hand, in carps suffering from the chronic form of the disease a significant decrease in the number of cells was disclosed. NBT index and the amount of formazan in fishes with acute CE form demonstrated a decrease as compared to the corresponding values in control carps. Carps with the chronic CE form showed increases in the indices. The level of lysozyme (LZM) was higher in 23 or 28 months old carps with the acute CE form than in healthy fishes. In carps affected by the chronic CE form no significant differences in LZM levels were disclosed as compared to the healthy carps. MPO activity in the sick carps, particularly those with the acute form of CE, was significantly higher than in the control carps. On the other hand, serum globulin and total protein levels in the sick carps were lower than those in the control carps. The two indices showed a particularly extensive decrease in carps affected by acute form of the disease. When all the parameters estimated in fishes with acute CE forms were taken into account, no differences associated with age (23 or 28 months) were observed that could be related to tendencies and directions of the observed changes.

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