DEXAMETHASONE-BLOCKADE OF INCREMENTAL RESPONSE OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE TO CERVICAL DILATION OR VASOPRESSIN INFUSION IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Fylling
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Depressant Effect ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Cervical Dilation ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT The effect of dexamethasone on the peripheral plasma levels of progesterone was investgated in pregnant women during the first trimester. Neither oral treatment (2.5 mg × 4 for two days) nor intramuscular injection (24–64 mg) had any depressant effect in otherwise untreated women. The incremental response in the plasma progesterone levels consistently seen in women subjected to continuous dilation of the uterine cervix or vasopressin infusions, was markedly reduced by dexamethasone treatment.

PROPRANOLOL-BLOCKADE OF VASOPRESSIN INDUCED INCREASE IN PLASMA PROGESTERONE IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Fylling
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT Following continuous dilation of the uterine cervix or intravenous infusion of vasopressin during the first trimester of human pregnancy, a marked increase in the peripheral plasma progesterone levels was observed. This effect was blocked by simultaneous administration of propranolol (Inderal®), a β-blocking agent. It is suggested that both these stimulating and inhibiting effects might be related to 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). The results indicate the existence of β-receptors in steroid producing tissues.

VASOPRESSIN-INDUCED INCREASE IN PERIPHERAL PLASMA PROGESTERONE LEVELS DURING EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Fylling
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT Vasopressin, adrenaline and theophyllamine infusions administered to pregnant women in the first trimester had a marked stimulating effect on the progesterone* level of peripheral plasma. The effect was dose-dependent within the range tested, and the vasopressin effect was potentiated when theophyllamine was added to the infusion medium. Vasopressin infusion, however, had no effect on the human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) level in peripheral blood. Oxytocin had only a slight effect on the progesterone levels as compared with a control group receiving only saline infusion. 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) infusion given over a period of 40 minutes (0.4 mg/kg/min) to one pregnant woman resulted in a moderate increase in the progesterone level.

DEXAMETHASONE OR PROPRANOLOL BLOCKADE OF INDUCED INCREASE IN PLASMA PROGESTERONE IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Fylling
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT Following continuous intravenous infusion of vasopressin or theophyllamine during the first trimester of human pregnancy, a marked increase in the peripheral plasma progesterone levels was observed. By simultaneous administration of propranolol the vasopressin effect was blocked, but not that of theophyllamine. When dexamethasone was infused, the incremental response of both vasopressin and theophyllamine was blocked or reduced. The present results may indicate that propranolol exerts its inhibitory effect on the steroidogenesis at the β-adrenergic receptor sites. Dexamethasone, on the other hand, seems to act distal to the β-receptors probably by direct interference with steroidogenesis.

PROGESTERONE AND HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN (HCG) LEVELS IN PLASMA DURING DILATION OF THE UTERINE CERVIX IN EARLY HUMAN PREGNANCY

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Fylling ◽  
Nils Norman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT Dilation of the uterine cervix for 16 hours as a preliminary to the induction of legal abortion during the first trimester of human pregnancy resulted in a marked increase in the plasma level of both progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). In a control group (with the dilating instrument taped on the medial side of the upper thigh) no increase in progesterone occurred. The increase in the plasma level of HCG was more pronounced than that of progesterone, the mean increase being 80 and 50 per cent respectively. Following the termination of the pregnancy, the half life (t½) of endogenous HCG in peripheral plasma could be calculated, and was found to be about 7 hours.

THE EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE AND INDOMETHACIN ON THE OUTCOME OF PREGNANCY IN THE RABBIT

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. G. CHALLIS ◽  
I. J. DAVIES ◽  
K. J. RYAN
Keyword(s):  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Length Of Gestation

SUMMARY Pregnant rabbits were treated with indomethacin (8–10 mg/kg/day) or dexamethasone (1·2–1·8 mg/kg/day) during late gestation. The effects of these treatments on the concentrations of progesterone and prostaglandin F (PGF) in the peripheral plasma, and the outcome of gestation were studied. Treatment with indomethacin significantly prolonged the length of gestation (P < 0·01) compared with control, untreated animals. In these treated animals, the plasma progesterone levels declined at a similar time to that in control rabbits but the increase in systemic PGF normally seen during late pregnancy was reduced. Dexamethasone treatment reliably induced premature delivery within 3–6 days. The plasma progesterone concentration fell rapidly during the first 24 h of dexamethasone administration, but in no animal was this associated with a significant increase in the plasma levels of PGF. These results are consistent with the suggestion that prostaglandins are involved in the normal initiation of parturition in the rabbit. They do not support the hypothesis that the effect of dexamethasone on the length of gestation is mediated through an increase in the production of prostaglandin F.

PERIPHERAL PLASMA LEVELS OF 17α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE DURING HUMAN PREGNANCY

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore H:son Holmdahl ◽  
Elof D. B. Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Peripheral plasma levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone* were measured during normal human pregnancy. During the first trimester measurements of peripheral plasma progesterone were also included. Five cases of early pregnancies were followed with frequent blood-sampling until the 14th week of gestation. In one of the women daily blood samples were collected from 10 days prior to conception until the beginning of the 6th week. From the 18th week on, a total of 173 blood-samples were obtained from individual patients. During the 7th week the average plasma levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone reached a maximum of 3.7 ng per ml followed by a gradual decline. From week 14 to week 34 the mean level was around 0.5 ng per ml. Thereafter an increase towards term was noted with a mean plasma level of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone of about 2 ng per ml in week 40. Peripheral plasma progesterone decreased from a mean level of 27.0 ng per ml in week 5 to reach a nadir of 16.0 ng per ml in weeks 8 and 9 followed by a gradual increase. No correlation between the plasma levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and the clinical outcome of pregnancy could be demonstrated.

THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN GRANULOSAL LUTEIN CELL OF THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF GESTATION

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul Hjortkjær Pedersen ◽  
Jørgen Falck Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Steroid Synthesis ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Subendothelial Space ◽  
Lutein Cell ◽  
Early Human

ABSTRACT The ultrastructure of granulosal lutein cells of 13 corpora lutea in early human pregnancy was studied. The predominant cytoplasmic element was the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. No convincing signs of degeneration of the lutein cells could be demonstrated within the first 14 weeks of pregnancy, as the mitochondria as well as the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum were well preserved. However, lysosomes may be slightly more numerous in older specimens and the subendothelial space increases with the age of gestation. A particular type of multilaminated structure one to five micron in diameter was observed, particularly in the earliest specimens. The possible intracellular location of steroid synthesis is discussed.

Novel application of three-dimensional HDlive imaging in prenatal diagnosis from the first trimester

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Kimata Pooh ◽  
Asim Kurjak
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnostics ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Early Human Development ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Early Human

AbstractRecent development of three-dimensional (3D) high definition (HD) ultrasound has resulted in remarkable progress in visualization of early embryos and fetuses in sonoembryology. The new technology of HDlive assesses both structural and functional developments in the first trimester with greater reliably than two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound. The ability to visualize not only fetal face, hands, fingers, feet, and toes, but also amniotic membranes, is better with volumetric ultrasound than 2D ultrasound. In this article, detailed and comprehensive structures of normal and abnormal fetuses depicted by 3D HDlive are presented, including various faces of Down’s syndrome and holoprosencephaly, as well as low-set ear and finger/toe abnormalities from the first trimester. Three-dimensional HDlive further “humanizes” the fetus, enables detailed observation of the fetal face in the first trimester as shown in this article, and reveals that a small fetus is not more a fetus but a “person” from the first trimester. There has been an immense acceleration in understanding of early human development. The anatomy and physiology of embryonic development is a field where medicine exerts greatest impact on early pregnancy at present, and it opens fascinating aspects of embryonic differentiation. Clinical assessment of those stages of growth relies heavily on 3D/four-dimensional (4D) HDlive, one of the most promising forms of noninvasive diagnostics and embryological phenomena, once matters for textbooks are now routinely recorded with outstanding clarity. New advances deserve the adjective “breathtaking”, including 4D parallel study of the structural and functional early human development.

Progesterone levels in peripheral plasma of Rocky Mountain bighorn ewes (Ovis canadensis) during the estrous cycle and pregnancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1108
Author(s):  
P. E. Whitehead ◽  
E. H. McEwan
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma

Plasma progesterone levels of three Rocky Mountain bighorn ewes (Ovis canadensis) were determined during anestrus, estrus, and pregnancy. Eighteen-month-old ewes had "silent" heats with peak progesterone levels ranging from 1.0 to 2.2 ng/mL. At [Formula: see text] years of age, luteal activity preceded behavioural estrus and successful breeding. During the first 50 days of gestation, plasma progesterone levels increased to 8.5 ng/mL (8.0–9.2 ng/mL). From 50 to 80 days, progesterone levels decreased, followed by an increase to peak values of 13.3 to 23.2 ng/mL. A rapid decline in progesterone levels occurred about the time of parturition.

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