PLASMA LEVELS OF UNCONJUGATED STEROIDS IN MALE BABOONS (PAPIO HAMADRYAS) AND RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA)

1976 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aso ◽  
N. Goncharov ◽  
Z. Cekan ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Suitable Animal Model ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Reproductive Processes

ABSTRACT In an attempt to find suitable animal models to aid in the study of the reproductive processes of the human male, plasma levels of unconjugated pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, oestrone and oestradiol were measured in 18 male baboons and 10 male rhesus monkeys and the steroid levels were compared with those previously established in normospermic, middle-aged men. Significant species differences were found with regard to the three Δ5-steroids studied; whereas the approximate relationship of pregnenolone to 17-hydroxypregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone was 1:2:4 in men, the corresponding relationship was 1:5:30 in rhesus monkeys and 1:10:10 in baboons. Similar levels of 20α-dihydroprogesterone were found in the three species. On the other hand, the 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels in baboons were much lower and the levels of androstenedione lower than those found in men and in rhesus monkeys. No species difference was found with regard to circulating testosterone levels. However, both rhesus monkeys and baboons exhibited much higher levels of dihydrostestosterone than did men. Oestrone levels were higher in baboons than in men and oestradiol levels were higher in rhesus monkeys than in men and in baboons. The significant differences in circulating steroid levels suggest that further studies (including i.a. steroid analyses in testicular tissue, seminal plasma and spermatic artery and vein following both stimulation and suppression of testicular endocrine function) are required before preference can be given to any of the two species studied as a suitable animal model for the study of new fertility regulating agents.

Plasma Levels of Lipoprotein(a) Are Elevated in Patients with the Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Yamazaki ◽  
Hidesaku Asakura ◽  
Hiroshi Jokaji ◽  
Masanori Saito ◽  
Chika Uotani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Soluble Thrombomodulin ◽  
Relationship Of

SummaryThe mechanisms underlying clinical abnormalities associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APAS) have not been elucidated. We measured plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], the active form of plasminogen activator inhibitor (active PAI), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and soluble thrombomodulin (TM), to investigate the relationship of these factors to thrombotic events in APAS. Mean plasma levels of Lp(a), TAT, active PAI and TM were all significantly higher in patients with aPL than in a control group of subjects. Plasma levels of Lp(a) and active PAI were significantly higher in patients with aPL and arterial thromboses than in patients with aPL but only venous thromboses. There was a significant correlation between plasma levels of Lp(a) and active PAI in patients with aPL. These findings suggest that patients with aPL are in hypercoagulable state. High levels of Lp(a) in plasma may impair the fibrinolytic system resulting in thromboses, especially in the arterial system.

EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE PROFILE OF PLASMA STEROIDS IN BABOONS (PAPIO HAMADRYAS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov ◽  
A. G. Taranov ◽  
A. V. Antonichev ◽  
V. M. Gorlushkin ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Plasma Steroids ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT Adult baboons (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to immobilization stress by being strapped to a table in a horizontal position for 2 h. In females the experiment was performed during both the follicular and luteal phase. Peripheral blood was withdrawn at frequent intervals, the first sample just before immobilization, and the last one 3 days later. A number of steroids were measured in blood plasma samples by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, oestrone, oestradiol) or competitive protein binding (cortisol) techniques. The cortisol levels exhibited a marked increase in both sexes. This increase was observed already during the immobilization and lasted for approximately 24 h. A similar, even more pronounced increase was seen in 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and pregnenolone levels. A marked, long-lasting (72 h) decrease of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels was a consistent finding in male baboons. This was not observed in the females which, on the other hand, exhibited a marked decrease (duration 48 h) of progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone levels during the luteal phase, and a significant decrease (duration > 24 h) of oestradiol and oestrone concentrations during the follicular phase. It is concluded that stress has a marked inhibitory action on gonadal function both in male and female baboons. In females the inhibition of steroidogenetic function is exerted both on the ovarian follicles and on the corpus luteum.

Vocal Learning of Japanese and Rhesus Monkeys

Behaviour ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 109 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Masataka ◽  
Kazuo Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Playback Experiments ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Japanese Monkeys ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractForaging vocalizations given by Japanese and rhesus momkeys reared by their biological mothers differed from each other in a single parameter. Calls made by a Japanese monkey fostered by a rhesus female were dissimilar to those of conspecifics reared by their biological mothers, but similar to those of rhesus monkeys reared by their biological mothers, and the vocalizations given by rhesus monkeys fostered by Japanese monkey mothers were dissimilar to those of conspecifics reared by their biological mothers, but similar to those of Japanese monkeys reared by their biological mothers. Playback experiments revealed that both Japanese and rhesus monkeys distinguished between the calls of Japanese monkeys reared by their biological mothers and of the cross-fostered rhesus monkeys on one hand, and the vocalizations of rhesus monkeys reared by their biological mothers and of the cross-fostered Japanese monkey on the other hand. Thus, production of species-specific vocalizations was learned by each species, and it was the learned species-difference which the monkeys themselves discriminated.

Cortisol plasma levels are associated with serotonin - 1A receptor binding in postmenopausal women

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
G. Kranz ◽  
A. Hahn ◽  
J. Ungersböck ◽  
U. Kaufmann ◽  
P. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Serotonin 1A Receptor ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Logan Plot ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Relationship Of

IntroductionAlterations of the serotonin-1A receptor (5-HT1A) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis have been reported in depression and anxiety disorders. We previously showed a strong negative correlation between cortisol plasma levels and 5-HT1A receptor binding potential (BP) in patients with social anxiety disorder but not in healthy controls using PET [1].ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship of cortisol and the 5-HT1A BP in postmenopausal women, a population that is at increased risk of suffering from depressive symptoms.MethodsSubjects: 19 postmenopausal women, aged 55.26 ± 4.98, medication free, no current substance abuse or hormone replacement therapy.PETDynamic measurements (50 frames, 90 min) were performed using the radioligand [carbonyl-11C]WAY100635 and a GE-Advance scanner. PET data were normalized to a ligand-specific template [2]. Regions-of-interest (ROI) were defined as given in [3]. TACs within ROIs were averaged and the 5-HT1A receptor BP was quantified using Logan-plot and PMOD 3.1. Measurement of total cortisol plasma levels was done using electrochemoluminescence.ResultsWe found negative correlations between cortisol and 5-HT1A BP in the midbrain (Spearman's rs = −0.54, p = 0.02), the median raphe nucleus (rs = −0.47, p = 0.04) and the nucleus accumbens (rs = −0.505, p = 0.03).ConclusionsIn line with our previous findings [1], the observed negative association between cortisol plasma levels and 5-HT1A BP might reflect an increased vulnerability for mood disorders in postmenopausal women.

Relationship of carotid pressure and end point during acceleration

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-906
Author(s):  
George H. Kydd ◽  
Richard L. Fenichel ◽  
Richard J. Crosbie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Positive Wave ◽  
End Point ◽  
Positive Acceleration ◽  
Tangential Acceleration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Constant Interval

Simultaneous observations have been made of the occurrence of an end point of unconsciousness and carotid blood pressure in rhesus monkeys during positive acceleration. The data indicate that the carotid pressure is influenced initially by a maneuver which gives rise to a positive wave of pressure that is well coordinated with the onset of tangential acceleration, while positive acceleration is at a very low level. Following this, there is a pressure drop that can be described by a time constant, that is, a function of peak g. The data indicate that the end point occurs after a constant interval following the pressure minimum and is therefore related to the slope of the blood pressure curve. The significance of this observation with respect to blood supply is discussed. Submitted on March 14, 1960

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