The pituitary-testicular axis of uraemic subjects on haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Semple ◽  
G. H. Beastall ◽  
I. S. Henderson ◽  
J. A. Thomson ◽  
A. C. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Serum

Abstract. Pituitary-testicular function was evaluated in 18 patients with chronic renal failure, 9 treated by maintenance haemodialysis (HD) and 9 by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and compared with a non-uraemic control group. Serum total testosterone and the free testosterone index were significantly low in both dialysis groups. Basal FSH and LH levels were elevated but this reached significance only with regard to LH. The responses of both FSH and LH to the iv administration of LRH were normal. There was no significant difference between the CAPD and HD groups in any of the hormonal parameters estimated. While CAPD may improve control of some metabolic parameters when compared with HD, it does not improve the function of the pituitary-testicular axis.

The Serum Complement System in Children on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roel E. Reddingius ◽  
Cornelis H. Schröder ◽  
Mohamed R. Daha ◽  
Leo A.H. Monnens
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective During continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), the loss of complement factors via the dialysate may cause complement deficiencies. This hypothesis was tested in a group of children treated with CAPD. Design Classical (CH50) and alternative (AP50) complement activity and serum levels of factors C1 q, C3, C4, C3d, B, D, and P in CAPD patients were compared to normal controls and to children with preterminal renal failure. Setting Patients were seen in a university hospital; normal controls were seen in an outpatient clinic of a general hospital. Patients A group of 22 children on CAPD was compared to a normal control group of 44 children and to a group of 12 children with preterminal renal failure with a creatinine clearance below 25 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results CH50, AP50, C3, and B were not significantly different from the control group in both the CAPD and preterminal groups. Factors C1q (p=0.01) and C4, C3d, D, and P (p<0.001) were higher in the CAPD group in comparison to the normal control group. The factors D (p<0.001) and P (p=0.02) were also elevated in the preterminal group. For the measured factors there was no significant difference between the CAPD group and the preterminal group. Conclusions There is no deficiency of complement in children treated with CAPD. High levels of C3d and D can be explained by the reduction of their elimination by the kidney. The increased levels of the other factors are presumably due to increased synthesis in renal failure. This does not seem to be caused by CAPD.

scholarly journals Testosterone profile in older men with Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Cristiana Roscito Arenella Dusi ◽  
Lílian Schafirovits Morillo ◽  
Regina Miksian Magaldi ◽  
Adriana Nunes Machado ◽  
Sami Liberman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Evidence suggests low testosterone levels in Alzheimer's disease. Objectives: To compare testosterone levels between older men with and without Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Fourteen men with Alzheimer's disease were compared with twenty eight men without dementia. Demographic variables and clinical profiles were analyzed. Within fifteen days before or after the described evaluation, measures of total testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) were performed. Free testosterone level was calculated based on total testosterone and SHBG. Quantitative variables were analyzed using Student's t test or Kruskal-Wallis test, while qualitative variables were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher test. Results: Mean age in the Control and Alzheimer's disease groups were 72.0 (SD±4.8) years and 79.3(SD±5.9) years, respectively (p=0.001). Mean schooling between these two groups were 8.78 and (±5.86) years, respectively (p=0.022). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for testosterone levels, although a trend was observed for the Alzheimer's disease group to present lower levels than the control group (p=0.066). There was no direct correlation between free testosterone and age, although a trend was evident (p=0.068). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in testosterone between men with AD and those without dementia.

Changes in Activity of Selected Lysosomal Enzymes in Peritoneal Macrophages of Renal Failure Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladyslaw Sulowicz ◽  
Tadeusz Cichocki ◽  
Zygmunt Hanicki
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Dialytic Treatment

Activity of acid phosphatase (AP), beta-glucuronidase (GR), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (GZ), and peroxidase (P) was assessed using a semiquantitative cytochemical method in peritoneal macro phages of 30 patients with end-stage renal failure treated by intermittent peritoneal dialysis and of 30 control patients with normal renal function. The dialysed patients showed a significantly higher activity of GR and P at the beginning of the treatment as compared with the respective activities observed in the control group and a further significant rise of these activities after 4 months of dialysis. Activity of AP at the beginning of the treatment was insignificantly lower than in the control group and the difference became significant at the end of the investigated period. There was no significant difference between the dialysed patients and the control group in the activity of GZ assessed at the beginning of the dialytic treatment and after 4 months of dialysis. A significant decrease in that activity was, however, observed in the course of dialysis.

Association of Alexithymia with Low Utilization and Perception on a Measure of Social Support in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Fukunishi ◽  
Kunimi Maeda ◽  
Minoru Kubota ◽  
Yasuhiko Tomino
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Control Group ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Stage ◽  
And Coping

This study examined the association of social support and alexithymia in 63 patients with end-stage renal failure on peritoneal dialysis. Scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale were significantly higher for the patient group than the control group. Social support was measured with the Stress and Coping Inventory. For scores on the Existence of social support there was no significant difference between the two groups; however, scores on the Utilization and Perception of social support were significantly lower for the patients than for the control group. The alexithymia scores were significantly and negatively correlated with the scores on the Utilization and Perception of social support Our findings suggest that patients with peritoneal dialysis score higher on a measure of alexithymia associated with low utilization and perception of social support.

Abnormal erythrocyte choline transport in patients with chronic renal failure

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Fervenza ◽  
D. Meredith ◽  
J. C. Ellory ◽  
B. M. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Choline Transport ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
The Mean

1. Erythrocyte choline transport has been studied in nine patients on maintenance haemodialysis for chronic renal failure, six patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 31 patients with renal transplants and in nine normal control subjects. 2. The mean maximum rate of choline influx (Vmax., measured at an extracellular choline concentration of 250 μmol/l) was 66.7 (sd 14.1) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on haemodialysis, 87.8 (sd 18.5) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 30.5 (sd 4.9) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in control subjects. The increase in choline flux in patients on haemodialysis and patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis compared with control subjects was highly significant (P < 0.001). 3. Renal transplant patients showed variable values for the Vmax. of choline influx (range 17.7-71.7 μmol h−1 l−1 cells). The values showed a signifcant negative correlation with creatinine clearance and this correlation correctly extrapolated to the maximum choline flux in normal subjects and in patients on dialysis. 4. The kinetics of choline transport have been studied in erythrocytes of patients on haemodialysis and control subjects in ‘zero-trans’ conditions after depletion of intracellular choline. The mean Vmax. in these conditions was 38.4 (sd 4.6) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in patients on haemodialysis compared with 14.2 (sd 3.7) μmol h−1 l−1 cells in control subjects. The mean Km under ‘zero-trans’ conditions was 19.4 (sd 2.4) μmol/l in patients on haemodialysis and 7.4 (sd 1.4) μmol/l in control subjects. These differences were significant (P < 0.001).

Disturbed lipoprotein composition in non-dialyzed, hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and post-transplant patients with chronic renal failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kimak ◽  
Andrzej Książek ◽  
Janusz Solski
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

AbstractStudies were carried out in 183 non-dialyzed, 123 hemodialysis, 81 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 35 post-transplant patients and in 103 healthy subjects as a reference group. Lipids and apolipoprotein (apo)AI and apoB were determined using Roche kits. An anti-apoB antibody was used to separate apoB-containing apoCIII and apoE-triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) in the non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) fraction from apoCIIInonB and apoEnonB in the HDL fraction in four groups of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and healthy subjects. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between triglyceride (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and lipoproteins. Dyslipidemia varied according to the degree of renal insufficiency, the type of dialysis and therapy regime in CRF patients. Lipoprotein disturbances were manifested by increased TG, non-HDL-C and TRL concentrations, and decreased HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, whereas post-renal transplant patients showed normalization of lipid and lipoprotein profiles, except for TG levels and total apoCIII and apoCIIInonB. The present study indicates that CRF patients have disturbed lipoprotein composition, and that hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C concentrations in these patients are multifactorial, being secondary to disturbed lipoproteins. The method using anti-apoB antibodies to separate apoB-containing lipoproteins in the non-HDL fraction from non-apoB-containing lipoproteins in HDL can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with progression of renal failure or atherosclerosis. The variability of TG and HDL-C concentrations depends on the variability of TRL and cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations, but the decreases in TG and increases in HDL-C concentrations are caused by apoAI concentration variability. These relationships, however, need to be confirmed in further studies.

scholarly journals A potential role for the adrenal gland in autism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felwah S. Al-Zaid ◽  
Abdel Fattah A. Alhader ◽  
Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Autism Group

AbstractAndrogens have been implicated in autism pathophysiology as recently, prenatal exposure to elevated androgens has been proposed as risk factor. However, published data on postnatal sex hormone levels in autistic children are controversial and the source of prenatal androgen exposure in autism remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigated postnatal sex hormone levels and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to shed light on a potential role for the adrenal gland in autism pathophysiology. A case-control study investigating estradiol (E2), DHEA, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels was conducted with 31 Saudi males with autism and 28 healthy, age-matched boys plasma. Moreover, correlation analysis with measured hormones and previously measured total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) in the same group of autism was conducted. DHEA was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the autism group compared to controls. DHEA positively correlated with previously measured TT (r = + 0.79, p < 0.001) and FT (r = + 0.72, p < 0.001) levels in the same autism group. FSH levels were also significantly higher in the autism group than in the control group (p < 0.01). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report a strong positive correlation between TT, FT and DHEA, suggesting an adrenal source for elevated androgen levels.

scholarly journals Residual renal function and blood count in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Lausevic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Positive Correlations

Introduction:Most of patients with chronic renal failure are affected by normochromic, normocytic anemia caused by different etiological factors. Anemia causes a series of symptoms in chronic renal failure, which can hardly be recognized from the uremic signs. Anemia adds to morbidity and mortality rates in patients affected by advanced chronic renal failure. Blood count partially improves during the first months after starting the chronic renal replacement therapy, in correlation with the quality of depuration program, with extension of erythrocyte lifetime and with hemoconcentration due to reduction of plasma volume. Recent trials found that higher residual renal function (RRF) significantly reduced co-morbidity, the rate and duration of hospitalization and risk of treatment failure. Objective: The aim of the study was to follow blood count parameters in 32 patients on chronic continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during the first six months of treatment, to evaluate the influence of demographic and clinical factors on blood count and RRF, and to examine the correlation between RRF and blood count parameters. Method: A total of 32 patients affected by end-stage renal disease of different major cause during the first six months of CADP treatment were studied. RRF and blood count were evaluated as well as their relationship during the follow-up. Results: Blood count significantly improved in our patients during the first six months of CAPD treatment even if Hb and HTC failed to reach normal values. Iron serum level slightly decreased because of more abundant erythropoiesis and iron utilization during the first six months of treatment. RRF slightly decreased. After six months of CAPD treatment, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher Hb, HTC and erythrocyte number and a lot of positive correlations between RRF and anemia markers were observed. Conclusion: After 6-month follow-up period, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher blood count parameters, and several positive correlations between RRF and blood count markers were confirmed.

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