scholarly journals Pro-opiomelanocortin in human pregnancy: evolution of maternal plasma levels, concentrations in cord blood, amniotic fluid and at the feto-maternal interface

2000 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Raffin-Sanson ◽  
F Ferre ◽  
J Coste ◽  
C Oliver ◽  
D Cabrol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gestation Time ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Very High

OBJECTIVE: The human placenta normally expresses the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene. The pattern and secretory kinetics of POMC and/or POMC-derived peptides by the placenta during gestation is still debated. We recently demonstrated that full length POMC was a normal product of the human placenta. The aim of our study was to establish its normal secretory kinetics and to explore its physiological relevance. DESIGN: In a prospective, longitudinal study, thirty normal pregnant women had monthly measurements of plasma POMC. In a cross-sectional study of 128 healthy pregnant women, plasma POMC and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) were concomitantly measured to assess their correlation. Finally, POMC levels were assessed in venous and arterial cord blood samples, in amniotic fluid and in retroplacental blood. METHODS: Plasma POMC was measured by a specific IRMA in unextracted blood or biological fluid. RESULTS: Plasma POMC became detectable by the 8th week of pregnancy and reached its maximum at around the 20th week, remaining stable thereafter. The relationship between POMC and gestation time (weeks) best fitted with a third degree polynomia curve. A significant negative correlation (P=0.01) was observed between plasma levels of POMC and hCG after adjustment for gestation time to take into account the dependence of both hormones on this parameter. POMC was not secreted into the fetal circulation at term, but was present in very high levels in amniotic fluid. The highest levels of POMC were present in the retroplacental blood where the values were 35 times higher than in maternal blood; by comparison, corticotrophin releasing hormone and ACTH values in this compartment were twice or equal to those in the maternal blood. CONCLUSION: Placental POMC secretion increases during the first half of pregnancy and reaches a plateau from the 20th week to delivery. The inverse correlation between POMC and hCG plasma levels, and very high POMC levels at the feto-maternal interface suggest a physiological role for this precursor during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Maternal Cytokine and Chemokine Profile of Naturally Conceived Gestations Is Mainly Preserved duringIn VitroFertilization and Egg Donation Pregnancies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Martínez-Varea ◽  
Begoña Pellicer ◽  
Vicente Serra ◽  
David Hervás-Marín ◽  
Alicia Martínez-Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Egg Donation ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

This prospective longitudinal study aimed at comparing maternal immune response among naturally conceived (NC;n=25),in vitrofertilization (IVF;n=25), and egg donation (ED;n=25) pregnancies. The main outcome measures were, firstly, to follow up plasma levels of interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL2, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL17, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF1α), and decidual granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during the three trimesters of pregnancy during the three trimesters of pregnancy; secondly, to evaluate if the cytokine and chemokine pattern of ED pregnant women differs from that of those with autologous oocytes and, thirdly, to assess if women with preeclampsia show different cytokine and chemokine profile throughout pregnancy versus women with uneventful pregnancies. Pregnant women in the three study groups displayed similar cytokine and chemokine pattern throughout pregnancy. The levels of all quantified cytokines and chemokines, except RANTES, TNFα, IL8, TGFβ, and SDF1α, rose in the second trimester compared with the first, and these higher values remained in the third trimester. ED pregnancies showed lower SDF1αlevels in the third trimester compared with NC and IVF pregnancies. Patients who developed preeclampsia displayed higher SDF1αplasma levels in the third trimester.

Effect of routine iron–folic acid supplementation among rural pregnant women living in low- and high-groundwater-iron areas in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 2844-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Ahmed ◽  
Moududur Rahman Khan ◽  
Ireen Akhtar Chowdhury ◽  
Rubhana Raqib ◽  
Anjan Kumar Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Iron Folic Acid ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractObjective:The present study investigated the risks and benefits of routine Fe–folic acid (IFA) supplementation in pregnant women living in low- and high-groundwater-Fe areas in Bangladesh.Design:A case-controlled prospective longitudinal study design was used to compare the effect of daily Fe (60 mg) and folic acid (400 μg) supplementation for 3·5 months.Setting:A rural community in Bangladesh.Participants:Pregnant women living in low-groundwater-Fe areas (n 260) and high-groundwater-Fe areas (n 262).Results:Mean Hb and serum ferritin concentrations at baseline were significantly higher in pregnant women in the high-groundwater-Fe areas. After supplementation, the mean change in Hb concentration in the women in the low-groundwater-Fe areas (0·10 mg/dl) was higher than that in the pregnant women in the high-groundwater-Fe areas (–0·08 mg/dl; P = 0·052). No significant changes in the prevalence of anaemia or Fe deficiency (ID) in either group were observed after IFA supplementation; however, the prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) decreased significantly in the women in the low-groundwater-Fe areas. The risk of anaemia, ID and IDA after supplementation did not differ significantly between the groups. None of the participants had Fe overload. However, a significant proportion of the women in the high- and low-groundwater-Fe areas remained anaemic and Fe-deficient after supplementation.Conclusion:IFA supplementation significantly increased the Hb concentration in pregnant women living in the low-groundwater-Fe areas. Routine supplementation with 60 mg Fe and 400 μg folic acid does not pose any significant risk of haemoconcentration or Fe overload. Further research to identify other nutritional and non-nutritional contributors to anaemia is warranted to prevent and treat anaemia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers in Pregnant Women at Risk, for the Prediction of Preeclampsia

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Daniela Oancea ◽  
N. Costin ◽  
Daria Maria Pop ◽  
R. Ciortea ◽  
Ioana Trif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Introduction: A low degree of inflammation has been associated with complications in pregnancies, including preeclampsia (PE). The aim of our study was to determine the serum values of high sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in pregnant women with risk factors for the development of PE, and to evaluate their relevance for the prediction of this disorder. Material and methods: We performed a prospective longitudinal study on 120 pregnant women, who were divided based on the pregnancy evolution, into two groups: group I - 26 pregnant women who developed preeclampsia and group II - 94 pregnant women with physiological evolution of pregnancy. Results: Our study has shown an increase in serum levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the first and second trimester of pregnancy in patients from group I, significant values being revealed only in the second trimester of pregnancy. The predictive power of the selected inflammatory markers was significant only for values of hs-CRP in the second trimester of pregnancy, while the association with IL-6 increased the prediction. Conclusions: Increased values of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with higher risk for preeclampsia, however the study provided only a modest efficiency of the prediction capacity.

Pregnancy exposure to quetiapine – Therapeutic drug monitoring in maternal blood, amniotic fluid and cord blood and obstetrical outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Paulzen ◽  
Tamme W. Goecke ◽  
Maxim Kuzin ◽  
Marc Augustin ◽  
Gerhard Gründer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Obstetrical Outcomes

A longitudinal study of thyroid function in pregnancy.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Price ◽  
H Griffiths ◽  
B W Morris
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract We undertook a prospective longitudinal study of thyroid function in 36 pregnant women. There were significant increases in thyroxin-binding globulin, thyrotropin, and triiodothyronine. Albumin, free thyroxin (measured by an analog and a nonanalog method), and the free thyroxin index were significantly decreased. Results for the free thyroxin methods were correlated with each other in each trimester. We could find no evidence for artifacts related to albumin or thyroxin-binding globulin with either method for free thyroxin.

scholarly journals Bone density changes in pregnant women treated with heparin: a prospective, longitudinal study

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2876-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Backos ◽  
R. Rai ◽  
E. Thomas ◽  
M. Murphy ◽  
C. Doré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Measurement of CEA, TPA, Neopterin, CA125, CA153 and CA199 in Sera of Pregnant Women, Umbilical Cord Blood and Amniotic Fluid

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph J. Lellé ◽  
Eberhard Henkel ◽  
Dieter Leinemann ◽  
Klaus Goeschen
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood

scholarly journals PERMEABILITY OF THE HUMAN PLACENTA TO ANTIBODIES

1940 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Wiener ◽  
I. Jerome Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Maternal Blood

The ratio of the titers of various antibodies, namely, hemagglutinins and syphilitic reagin, in the maternal blood to that of the corresponding antibody in the cord blood was found to be relatively constant, falling somewhere between 8 and 16. This figure may be considered the "index of permeability" of human placenta to antibodies, or the coefficient of distribution of antibodies between maternal and cord blood. The possible application of these findings to the study of the placental permeability to sensitizing antibodies (or reagins) is discussed.

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