Maternal obesity and the human milk metabolome: associations with infant body composition and postnatal weight gain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isganaitis E ◽  
Venditti S ◽  
Matthews TJ ◽  
Lerin C ◽  
Demerath EW ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain

scholarly journals Maternal obesity and the human milk metabolome: associations with infant body composition and postnatal weight gain

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Isganaitis ◽  
Sarah Venditti ◽  
Tucker J Matthews ◽  
Carles Lerin ◽  
Ellen W Demerath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
False Discovery Rate ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Bmi

ABSTRACTBackgroundMaternal obesity is a risk factor for childhood obesity; this is a major public health concern given that ∼40% of pregnant women are either overweight or obese. Whether differences in milk composition in lean compared with obese women contribute to childhood obesity is unclear.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze relationships between maternal obesity and human milk metabolites, infant body composition, and postnatal weight gain.MethodsThis was a prospective study in which mothers intending to breastfeed exclusively, and their newborn infants, were enrolled at delivery (n = 35 mother–infant pairs). We excluded mothers with diabetes, other medical conditions, or pregnancy complications. Participants were grouped by maternal prepregnancy BMI <25 (lean) or ≥25 kg/m2 (overweight/obese). We analyzed infant body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and used untargeted liquid chromatography–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to measure the milk content of 275 metabolites at 1 and 6 mo postpartum.ResultsAt 1 mo postpartum, 10 metabolites differed between overweight/obese and lean groups with nominal P < 0.05, but none was altered with a false discovery rate <0.25. Many differentially abundant metabolites belonged to the same chemical class; e.g., 4/10 metabolites were nucleotide derivatives, and 3/10 were human milk oligosaccharides. Milk adenine correlated positively with both continuously distributed maternal BMI and with infant adiposity and fat accrual. Analysis of milk composition at 6 mo postpartum revealed 20 differentially abundant metabolites (P < 0.05) in overweight/obese compared with lean women, including 6 metabolites with a false discovery rate of <0.25. At both 1 and 6 mo, human milk abundance of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, which has not previously been described in milk, was positively associated with maternal BMI.ConclusionsMaternal obesity is associated with changes in the human milk metabolome. While only a subset of metabolites correlated with both maternal and infant weight, these point to potential milk-dependent mechanisms for mother–child transmission of obesity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02535637.

scholarly journals Birth weight, postnatal weight gain, and adult body composition in five low and middle income countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Kuzawa ◽  
Pedro C. Hallal ◽  
Linda Adair ◽  
Santosh K. Bhargava ◽  
Caroline H.D. Fall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Associations of Measured Protein and Energy Intakes with Growth and Adiposity in Human Milk-Fed Preterm Infants at Term Postmenstrual Age: A Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (09) ◽  
pp. 882-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Pereira-da-Silva ◽  
Manuela Cardoso ◽  
Israel Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Postmenstrual Age

Objective To determine the associations of measured protein, energy, and protein-to-energy (PER) intakes with body composition in human milk (HM)-fed preterm infants. Study Design Neonates born at < 33 gestational weeks were eligible. Standard fortification method with modular supplements was used and the HM composition was measured. The weight gain velocity was calculated, and body composition was assessed by air displacement plethysmography at 40 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). The fat mass percentage and fat mass index were used as indicators of adiposity, with convenience cut-offs ≤ –1 and ≥ + 1 z-scores for low and high adiposity, respectively. Results Thirty-three infants were included (median [interquartile range] gestational age: 30 [28–31] weeks; birth weight: 1.175 [1.010–1.408] g); 36.4 and 84.8% did not receive the minimum recommended protein and energy intakes, respectively. Weight gain velocity showed positive weak-to-moderate correlations with nutrient intakes. Overall, no correlations between nutrient intakes and body composition were found. Infants with lower adiposity received lower energy, protein, and PER intakes, while those with higher adiposity received lower energy intake but higher PER intake. Conclusion Overall, no correlations of nutrient intakes with body composition were found; however, differences in nutrient intakes were found between infants with lower and higher adiposity at term PMA.

Effect of birth weight and postnatal weight gain on body composition in early infancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Holzhauer ◽  
Anita C.S. Hokken Koelega ◽  
Maria de Ridder ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Henriette A. Moll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain

Newborn regional body composition is influenced by maternal obesity, gestational weight gain and the birthweight standard score

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Carlsen ◽  
KM Renault ◽  
K Nørgaard ◽  
L Nilas ◽  
JEB Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Standard Score ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Regional Body Composition

scholarly journals Human Milk Exosomal MicroRNA: Associations with Maternal Overweight/Obesity and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month of Life

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Kruti B. Shah ◽  
Steven D. Chernausek ◽  
Lori D. Garman ◽  
Nathan P. Pezant ◽  
Jasmine F. Plows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Maternal Overweight ◽  
The Impact

Among all the body fluids, breast milk is one of the richest sources of microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs packaged within the milk exosomes are bioavailable to breastfeeding infants. The role of miRNAs in determining infant growth and the impact of maternal overweight/obesity on human milk (HM) miRNAs is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of maternal overweight/obesity on select miRNAs (miR-148a, miR-30b, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-let-7a and miR-32) involved in adipogenesis and glucose metabolism and to examine the relationship of these miRNAs with measures of infant body composition in the first 6 months of life. Milk samples were collected from a cohort of 60 mothers (30 normal-weight [NW] and 30 overweight [OW]/obese [OB]) at 1-month and a subset of 48 of these at 3 months of lactation. Relative abundance of miRNA was determined using real-time PCR. The associations between the miRNAs of interest and infant weight and body composition at one, three, and six months were examined after adjusting for infant gestational age, birth weight, and sex. The abundance of miR-148a and miR-30b was lower by 30% and 42%, respectively, in the OW/OB group than in the NW group at 1 month. miR-148a was negatively associated with infant weight, fat mass, and fat free mass, while miR-30b was positively associated with infant weight, percent body fat, and fat mass at 1 month. Maternal obesity is negatively associated with the content of select miRNAs in human milk. An association of specific miRNAs with infant body composition was observed during the first month of life, suggesting a potential role in the infant’s adaptation to enteral nutrition.

scholarly journals Early weight gain trajectories and body composition in infancy in infants born very preterm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A.A. Beunders ◽  
Jorine A. Roelants ◽  
Jessie M. Hulst ◽  
Dimitris Rizopoulos ◽  
Anita C.S. Hokken‐Koelega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Early Weight Gain

scholarly journals What Are the Maternal Factors That Potentially Intervenes in the Nutritional Composition of Human Milk?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Yasmin Amaral ◽  
Leila Silva ◽  
Fernanda Soares ◽  
Daniele Marano ◽  
Sylvia Nehab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gestational Weight

Background: To evaluate the potential factors associated with the nutritional composition of human milk of puerperal women. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted between March 2016 and August 2017, with 107 women, selected in a Tertiary Health Care Tertiary Health Facility of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected two months after delivery. The dependent variable of the study was the nutritional composition of human milk. We divided the independent variables into hierarchical levels: distal (age, schooling, parity and pregestational nutritional status), intermediate (number of prenatal visits and gestational weight gain) and proximal (alcohol consumption, smoking, diabetes mellitus and hypertension). For data analysis, we applied the multiple linear regression, centered on the hierarchical model. Only the variables associated with the nutritional composition of breast milk remained in the final model at a 5% level of significance. Results: The nutritional composition of human milk yielded by women with pregestational overweight, smokers and hypertensive had higher amounts of lipids and energy. Conversely, women with gestational weight gain below the recommended had lower amounts of these components. Conclusion: The evaluation of factors associated with the nutritional composition of human milk is extremely important to assist post-partum care practices. In this study, we observed that lipid and energy contents were associated to pregestational nutritional status, gestational weight gain, smoking and hypertension.

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