scholarly journals Molecular regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis, secretion and action

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. R131-R155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandana Das ◽  
T Rajendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Blocking Antibodies ◽  
Recombinant Human Fsh ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays fundamental roles in male and female fertility. FSH is a heterodimeric glycoprotein expressed by gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary. The hormone-specific FSHβ-subunit is non-covalently associated with the common α-subunit that is also present in the luteinizing hormone (LH), another gonadotrophic hormone secreted by gonadotrophs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by thyrotrophs. Several decades of research led to the purification, structural characterization and physiological regulation of FSH in a variety of species including humans. With the advent of molecular tools, availability of immortalized gonadotroph cell lines and genetically modified mouse models, our knowledge on molecular mechanisms of FSH regulation has tremendously expanded. Several key players that regulate FSH synthesis, sorting, secretion and action in gonads and extragonadal tissues have been identified in a physiological setting. Novel post-transcriptional and post-translational regulatory mechanisms have also been identified that provide additional layers of regulation mediating FSH homeostasis. Recombinant human FSH analogs hold promise for a variety of clinical applications, whereas blocking antibodies against FSH may prove efficacious for preventing age-dependent bone loss and adiposity. It is anticipated that several exciting new discoveries uncovering all aspects of FSH biology will soon be forthcoming.

FSH in therapy: physiological basis, new preparations and clinical use

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Simoni ◽  
Eberhard Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
And Function ◽  
Polypeptide Chains ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that, together with luteinizing hormone (LH), controls development, maturation and function of the gonad. Like the related hormones, LH, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), FSH consists of two polypeptide chains, α and β, bearing carbohydrate moietiesN-linked to asparagine (Asn) residues. The α subunit is common to all members of the glycoprotein hormone family, whereas the β subunit, although structurally very similar, differs in each hormone and confers specificity of action.

hCG production and activity during pregnancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Randeva ◽  
A Jackson ◽  
E Karteris ◽  
E W Hillhouse
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Hormone Specificity ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has an essential role in early pregnancy. It is a member of the glycoprotein hormone family also comprising the pituitary derived follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Each hormone consists of a non-covalently bound α and β subunit. Within a species the α subunit is identical and hormone specificity is determined by the unique β subunit.

FSH in therapy: physiological basis, new preparations and clinical use

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Simoni ◽  
Eberhard Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
And Function ◽  
Polypeptide Chains ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that, together with luteinizing hormone (LH), controls development, maturation and function of the gonad. Like the related hormones, LH, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), FSH consists of two polypeptide chains, α and β, bearing carbohydrate moietiesN-linked to asparagine (Asn) residues. The α subunit is common to all members of the glycoprotein hormone family, whereas the β subunit, although structurally very similar, differs in each hormone and confers specificity of action.

Influence of Hormones on Sjögren’s Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 4167-4176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Xi He ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an immune system oral disorder that is characterized generally by dry mouth and eyes. In this review, SS classification, presentation and pathogenesis are briefly discussed. Moreover, the epidemiology of SS regarding sex, age and association with other complications are also presented. This review also addresses the interactions between endocrine axes and SS, and the important findings up to regarding hormone treatment of this syndrome. The main hormones discussed in this review includes Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin.

scholarly journals Advances in the Regulation of Mammalian Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Hao-Qi Wang ◽  
Wei-Di Zhang ◽  
Bao Yuan ◽  
Jia-Bao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Biological Specificity ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Mammalian reproduction is mainly driven and regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, is a key regulator that ultimately affects animal fertility. As a dimeric glycoprotein hormone, the biological specificity of FSH is mainly determined by the β subunit. As research techniques are being continuously innovated, studies are exploring the underlying molecular mechanism regulating the secretion of mammalian FSH. This article will review the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways systematically regulating FSH synthesis and will present the latest hypothesis about the nuclear cross-talk among the various endocrine-induced pathways for transcriptional regulation of the FSH β subunit. This article will provide novel ideas and potential targets for the improved use of FSH in livestock breeding and therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Wrong Biochemistry Results: Two Case Reports and Observational Study in 5310 Patients on Potentially Misleading Thyroid-stimulating Hormone and Gonadotropin Immunoassay Results

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel AA Ismail ◽  
Paul L Walker ◽  
Julian H Barth ◽  
Kryzsztof C Lewandowski ◽  
Rick Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract Background: Immunoassays are used in almost all medical and surgical specialties, but they suffer from interference from proteins such as antibodies in some patients’ sera. Such interferences are usually reported in the literature only as case reports after the introduction of a new assay. Methods: We undertook a prospective observational study on 5310 patients for whom the common immunoassay tests for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and/or gonadotropins were requested. All TSH and gonadotropin results were critically assessed for a mismatch between the clinical details and analytical results to identify samples suspected of analytical unreliability. These were tested further by three approaches to screen for interference. Results: From the 5310 sets of results, 59 patients’ samples were identified as suspect and were tested further. Analytically incorrect results were found in 28 (0.53% of the total studied). The magnitude of interference varied, but in 23 of 28 patients (82%), it was considered large enough to have a potentially adverse effect on cost and/or the clinical care of these patients. Two cases, described in detail, illustrate the adverse effect of error on patient care and cost, and the second highlights the difficulties and limitations of current approaches for identifying interference and inaccuracy in immunoassays. Conclusions: Because millions of TSH/gonadotropin tests are carried out in UK hospital laboratories alone, our data suggest that thousands of patients could be adversely affected by errors from interferences. Early identification of interference in cases with unusual results could be valuable.

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