scholarly journals Delayed Visual Maturation – A Clinical Case

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Marie-Eve Corbeil
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Electrodiagnostic Testing ◽  
Visual Behaviour ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Ocular Health

A first eye examination is performed on a two and a half month old patient who presents with no visual response to fixation or to pursuing a target or a light despite an unremarkable ocular health assessment. This temporary eye condition is known as Delayed Visual Maturation (DVM). Conclusion: A subsequent eye examination was performed at age five and a half months only to reveal that the child’s visual behaviour was now considered to be appropriate for his age. The diagnosis of DVM remains a diagnosis of exclusion and requires a comprehensive eye examination, electrodiagnostic testing and imaging techniques which may eventually include MRI.

scholarly journals Anterior Segment Examination with Slit-Lamp Biomicroscope: What Should be Highlighted?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Fazella Kirara Sakti
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Illumination Source ◽  
Ocular Health

Ocular health assessment consists of various types of examinations that aim to find pathological conditions in the eye so that it helps ophthalmologists to diagnose and provide therapy for ocular disorders suffered by the patients. Slit-lamp biomicroscope is one of the most important eye assessments and has become the standard in assessing the pathological condition of the anterior part of the eye. This examination is performed using a stereoscopic biomicroscope instrument in combination with a bright illumination source. The results of the anterior segment examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope may provide more detailed ocular findings, such as the abnormalities of the eyelid, conjunctival lesions, abnormalities of the cornea, lens, or other parts of the anterior ocular segments. Therefore, the ability to examine slit-lamp biomicroscope is essential for the ophthalmologist. This review will discuss the eye examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope and the findings that will make it easier for clinicians to determine the direction of diagnostic approach in ocular patients. 

Detection of Choroidal Neovascularization in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

2016 ◽  
Vol 236 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisi Weng ◽  
Lei Mao ◽  
Suqin Yu ◽  
Yuanyuan Gong ◽  
Lu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Conventional Imaging ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Purpose: To demonstrate the detection of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in clinically diagnosed central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). Methods: Seventy-five eyes of 70 patients were included. OCTA was performed on each patient. Two trained readers evaluated the images independently to confirm the diagnosis and identify CNV at the level of the outer retina. Results: All studied eyes presented characteristics consistent with CSC based on eye examination and traditional imaging technologies, including fundus fluorescein angiography, which showed no evidence of CNV. However, OCTA revealed definite abnormal vascularization at the level of the outer retina in 8 eyes (10.7%) of 8 patients (11.4%). Conclusion: This study suggests that in some cases of CSC, OCTA could be an alternative option to detect CNV that is undetectable by other conventional imaging techniques.

Ocular Health Assessment of Cocoa Farmers in a Rural Community in Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Samuel Bert Boadi-Kusi ◽  
Rekha Hansraj ◽  
Akwasi Kumi-Kyereme ◽  
Khathutshelo Percy Mashige ◽  
Kofi Awusabo-Asare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cocoa Farmers ◽  
Ocular Health

scholarly journals Epidemiological Surveillance of Eye Disease and People Awareness in the Abruzzo Region, Italy

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mastropasqua ◽  
Rossella D’Aloisio ◽  
Alessandra Mastrocola ◽  
Fabiana Perna ◽  
Luca Cerino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Abruzzo Region ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Ocular Health

Background and Objectives: Vision impairments and related blindness are major public health problems. The prevalence of eye disease and barriers to optimal care markedly vary among different geographic areas. In the Abruzzo region (central Italy), an epidemiological surveillance on the state of ocular health in the population aged over 50 years was performed in 2019. Materials and Methods: Participants were sampled to be representative of the region’s inhabitants. Data were collected through a telephone interview and an eye examination. Prevalence of cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, and maculopathy was assessed. The Cohen’s kappa (k) was used to measure the agreement between the presence of eye disease and awareness of the disease by the participants. Results: Overall, 983 people with a mean age of 66.0 ± 9.5 years were included in the study. The prevalence of cataracts, glaucoma, maculopathy, and retinopathy was 52.6%, 5.3%, 5.6%, and 29.1%, respectively. Among the total of the affected people, those aware of their condition were 21.8% (k = 0.12, slight agreement) for cataract, 65.4% (k = 0.78, substantial agreement) for glaucoma, 7.1% (k = 0.10, slight agreement) for maculopathy, and 0% for retinopathy (k = −0.004, agreement lower than that expected by chance). Refractive defects were corrected in the vast majority of participants. Conclusion: In the Abruzzo region, about two thirds of citizens aged 50 years or over suffer from cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, or maculopathy, which are recognized as leading causes of blindness. Many people with eye disease do not know they have it. These data can be used by clinicians and policymakers to undertake clinical, political, and social actions.

OCULAR HEALTH ASSESSMENT

2007 ◽  
pp. 221-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. LISA PROKOPICH ◽  
PATRICIA HRYNCHAK ◽  
DAVID B. ELLIOTT
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessment ◽  
Ocular Health

scholarly journals Referral in a routine Italian optometric examination: towards an evidence-based model.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Riccardo Cheloni ◽  
Alexander G Swystun ◽  
Mauro Frisani ◽  
Christopher J Davey
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Ocular Health

Italian optometrists refract patients and prescribe optical appliances. The routine optometric examination that is currently conducted in Italy, however, does not include a comprehensive ocular health assessment. Like many other countries, in Italy ophthalmologists are solely responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular pathologies, yet, the care an optometrist provides must be done with the aim of promoting the general and ocular health of patients seen in practice. Such scope has to be pursued using a close collaboration with ophthalmologists, ultimately facilitating the earliest medical diagnosis and minimisation of visual impairment. Referral represents the basis of optometrist-ophthalmologist collaboration, yet, no guidance is available to Italian optometrists indicating when referral is warranted. The purpose of this study was to identify the circumstances deserving a referral in a routine Italian optometric examination in adults, ultimately constituting preliminary evidence-based indications of a referral model oriented to enhance the ocular and general health of patients. A literature review was conducted on Pubmed and the Cochrane Library, mainly targeting high quality secondary literature such as systematic reviews, meta-analysis and clinical guidelines. Several reasons for referral were identified. Further, while a wide range of anomalies of the visual system are likely to be discovered by the Italian optometric examination, up to 20% of patients could suffer an underlying condition undetected by the current assessment. This results in the need to refer seemingly healthy patients if they have not attended routine ophthalmological examinations within optimal time frames. In Italy, and countries with similar settings, the referral is an essential instrument that optometrists must largely use to ensure early diagnosis of ocular conditions by ophthalmologists and minimisation of avoidable visual impairment.

Diagnostic Agents in the Pediatric Eye Examination

2022 ◽  
pp. 222-235
Author(s):  
Lily Zhu-Tam
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Refractive Status ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Reliable Procedure ◽  
Accommodative Esotropia ◽  
Functional Vision ◽  
Office Procedures ◽  
Ocular Health

In this chapter, the author reviews the most common topical ophthalmic drops for diagnostic use in a pediatric eye exam. Topical diagnostic agents have become an integral part of an ocular health examination even in infants and young children. Topical local anesthetics are commonly used for eye procedures such as tonometry, gonioscopy, and minor office procedures. The proper use of mydriatic drugs allows clinicians to identify and diagnose various ocular abnormalities that might otherwise go undetected. Cycloplegic refraction is a reliable procedure to determine the true refractive status of patients with accommodative esotropia, pseudomyopia, and latent hyperopia. Cycloplegic refraction is also useful in non-communicative or uncooperative patients and when a functional vision problem is suspected such as when visual acuities do not correlate with symptoms or clinical expecteds. Many times, diagnostic drops can help a clinician be more confident of the patient's clinical findings.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Surveillance of Eye Disease and People Awareness in the Abruzzo Region, Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mastropasqua ◽  
Rossella D'Aloisio ◽  
Alessandra Mastrocola ◽  
Fabiana Perna ◽  
Luca Cerino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Abruzzo Region ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Ocular Health

Background and Objectives: Vision impairments and related blindness are major public health problems. Prevalence of eye disease and barriers to optimal care markedly vary among different geographic areas. In the Abruzzo region (Central Italy), an epidemiological surveillance on the state of ocular health in the population aged over 50 years was performed in 2019. Materials and Methods: Participants were sampled to be representative of the region inhabitants. Data were collected through a telephone interview and an eye examination. Prevalence of cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, maculopathy was assessed. The Cohen’s kappa (k) was used to measure the agreement between presence of eye disease and awareness of the disease by the participants. Results: Overall, 983 people with mean age of 66.0±9.5 years were included in the study. The prevalence of cataract, glaucoma, maculopathy, and retinopathy was 52.6%, 5.3%, 5.6%, and 29.1%, respectively. Among the total of affected people, those aware of their condition were 21.8% (k=0.12, slight agreement) for cataract, 65.4% (k=0.78, substantial agreement) for glaucoma, 7.1% (k=0.10, slight agreement) for maculopathy, and 0% for retinopathy (k=-0.004, agreement lower than that expected by chance). Refractive defects were corrected in the vast majority of participants. Conclusion: In the Abruzzo region, about two third of citizens aged 50 years or over suffer from cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy or maculopathy, which are recognized as leading causes of blindness. Many people with eye disease do not know they have it. These data can be used by clinicians and policymakers to undertake clinical, political, and social actions.

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