Preparation and Characterization of Palm Kernel Shell/Polypropylene Biocomposites and their Hybrid Composites with Nanosilica

Distillation is an essential thermo chemical process; it mainly depends on temperature which affects mostly the product yield and composition. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of temperature on the characterization of bio-oil liquid fraction derived from palm kernel shell (PKS) bio-oil. The temperatures were 100 °C and 140°C. The higher heating value (HHV) obtained were 28.6MJ/Kg and 31.5MJ/Kg for bio-oil fraction 100°C and 140°C respectively. The GC- MS analysis determined that phenol is the dominant product in bio-oil fractions.

Download Full-text

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/226/1/012156 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 226 ◽

pp. 012156 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J Andas ◽

M L A Rahman ◽

M S M Yahya

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Characterization Of Activated Carbon

Download Full-text

Evaluation on properties and characterization of asbestos free palm kernel shell fibre (PKSF)/polymer composites for brake pads

Materials Research Express ◽

10.1088/2053-1591/ab502d ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 1165d2 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K Ravikumar ◽

T Pridhar

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composites ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Brake Pads ◽

Properties And Characterization

Download Full-text

Processing and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coconut Shell and Palm Kernel Shell Waste by H3PO4 Activation

Ghana Journal of Science ◽

10.4314/gjs.v61i2.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 91-104

Author(s):

A. Nyamful ◽

E. K. Nyogbe ◽

L. Mohammed ◽

M. N. Zainudeen ◽

S. A. Darkwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Scale Up ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Time Scanning ◽

Shell Waste ◽

H3po4 Activation ◽

Characterization Of Activated Carbon

Palm kernel shell and coconut shell are used as a precursor for the production of activated carbon, a way of mitigating the tons of waste produced in Ghana. The raw Palm kernel shell and coconut shell were activated chemically using H3PO4. A maximum activated carbon yield of 26.3 g was obtained for Palm kernel shell and 22.9 g for coconut shell at 400oC, an impregnation ratio of 1.2 and 1-hour carbonization time. Scanning electron microscopy reveals well-developed cavities of the H3PO4 activated coconut shell and Palm kernel shell compared to the non-activated carbon. Iodine number of 743.02 mg/g and 682.11 mg/g, a porosity of 0.31 and 0.49 and the electrical conductivity of 2010 μS/cm and 778 μS /cm were obtained for the AC prepared from the coconut shell and Palm kernel shell respectively. The results of this work show that high-quality activated carbon can be manufactured locally from coconut shell and Palm kernel shell waste, and a scale-up of this production will go a long way to reduce the tons of coconut shell and Palm kernel shell waste generated in the country.

Download Full-text

Contribution to the Characterization of Palm Kernel Shell from Littoral, Cameroon

Materials Sciences and Applications ◽

10.4236/msa.2020.1110045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 668-677

Author(s):

Dieunedort Ndapeu ◽

Jean Bosco Kuate Yagueka ◽

Efeze Dydimus Nkemaja ◽

Bernard Morino Ganou Koungang ◽

Médard Fogue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Kernel ◽

Palm Kernel Shell

Download Full-text

Characterization of bioadsorbent produced using incorporated treatment of chemical and carbonization procedures

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.190667 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 190667 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chuan Li Lee ◽

Paik San H'ng ◽

Kit Ling Chin ◽

Md Tahir Paridah ◽

Umer Rashid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Kernel ◽

Carbonization Temperature ◽

High Grade ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Pretreatment Temperature ◽

Iodine Adsorption ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Central Composite ◽

Significant Factors

The production of bioadsorbent from palm kernel shell (PKS) and coconut shell (CS) pretreated with 30% phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). Iodine adsorption for both bioadsorbents was optimized by central composite design. Two parameters including the H 3 PO 4 pretreatment temperature and carbonization temperature were determined as significant factors to improve the iodine adsorption of the bioadsorbent. Statistical analysis results divulge that both factors had significant effect on the iodine adsorption for the bioadsorbent. From the RSM analysis, it was suggested that using 80 and 79°C as H 3 PO 4 pretreatment temperature and 714 and 715°C as carbonization temperature would enhance the iodine adsorption of the CS and PKS bioadsobent, respectively. These results indicated that H 3 PO 4 is a good pretreatment for preparing PKS and CS prior to carbonization process to produce bioadsorbent with well-developed microporous and mesoporous volume. The effort to produce alternative high grade and inexpensive adsorbent derived from lignocellulosic biomass, particularly in the nut shell form was implied in this research.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Reinforced with Optimum Palm Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA) Particle and its Consequence on the Dynamic Properties for Aerospace Application

10.21203/rs.3.rs-795334/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Oyewusi Elijah Oyedeji ◽

Muhammed Dauda ◽

Shehu Aliyu Yaro ◽

Malik Abdulwahab

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Properties ◽

Loss Modulus ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Population Increase ◽

Damping Factor ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Aerospace Applications

Abstract Nowadays, the demand for naturally and locally sourced materials for usage in automobile and aerospace have been on the increase due to high usage and population increase. In this view, this research is focused on investigating aluminium metal matrix composite materials with the aim of studying the optimum composition effect of Al-Mg-Si alloy reinforced with Palm Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA) particle on static and dynamic properties. Powder methodology was used to manufacture the developed composites. The SEM result showed that the recrystallization during ball milling of the mixture powders characterized the accumulation of higher dislocation density and the presence of harder phases in the PKSA which contributed to their improved thermal properties. Furthermore, the modulus of rupture of the developed Al-Mg-Si-PKSA matrix composites was effectively increased, and it can be drawn that sample C4 (6:94 wt%) has optimized properties. In this study, the storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E'), damping factor (tan δ) were determined based on the Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) of the developed composites. It was established that the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with frequency and amplitude. The result of this research also revealed the optimum percentage composition of 6 wt% PKSA on Al-Mg-Si powder is suitable for research aerospace applications.

Download Full-text