scholarly journals Romanian National Prevalence Study – problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorel Lupu ◽  
Izabela Ramona Lupu
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
European Countries ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Gamblers Anonymous ◽  
National Prevalence

Background and Aims. The purpose of the present study was to measure the prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents at a national level, given that previous studies at regional level  had demonstrated high rates of prevalence.Methods. After designing the sample (2006 children and adolescents aged 11-19 years) we used two validated instruments for measuring the prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in children and adolescents – South Oaks Gambling Screen –Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA) and 20 Questions of Gamblers Anonymous Revised for Adolescents (20 GA-RA).Results. The following data have been found: gambling at risk is 7.1% and problem and pathological gambling is 4%, when results were analyzed by SOGS-RA; prevalence of problem gambling is 10.1% and pathological gambling is 2.6% when results were analyzed by 20 GA-RA.Conclusions. High rates of prevalence are noticed in Romania, similar to other European countries. This rates are based on self-reported questionnaires, meaning that real rates may be higher than reported, being known that children and adolescents tend to give socially expected response. An important issue is that we found pathological gambling at  the age of only 11 years. Our results compared to those of other studies from Romania are very similar to those from other European countries. 

Chasing the criteria: Comparing SOGS-RA and the Lie/Bet screen to assess prevalence of problem gambling and 'at-risk' gambling among adolescents

2006 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Rossow ◽  
Helge Molde
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Control Dimension ◽  
School Survey ◽  
Risk Gambling ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Gambling Frequency

Most instruments assessing gambling problems are relatively extensive and therefore not suitable for comprehensive youth surveys. An exception is the two-item Lie/Bet questionnaire. This study addresses to what extent two instruments (Lie/Bet and South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA)) (1) overlap in classifying problem gambling and at-risk gambling, (2) reflect different underlying dimensions of problem gambling, and (3) differ in distinguishing between young gamblers with respect to intensity and frequency of gambling in gender-specific analyses. Data stemmed from a school survey among teenagers in Norway (net sample = 20,700). The congruence in classification of problem gamblers was moderate. Both instruments discriminated sensibly between youths with high versus medium and low gambling frequency and gambling expenditures, although more so for boys than for girls. Both Lie/Bet items loaded on one 'loss of control' dimension. The results suggest that the Lie/Bet screen may be useful to assess at-risk gambling for both genders in comprehensive youth surveys.

scholarly journals Regional trends in births during the COVID-19 crisis in France, Germany, Italy, and Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Arpino ◽  
FRANCESCA LUPPI ◽  
Alessandro Rosina
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Regional Trends

Early evidence shows mixed effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on births in Europe. This study examines changes in births at the regional level in the four European countries that have been affected by the pandemic earlier and to a larger extent. It is also investigated the association between birth changes and some labour market characteristics, the pandemic impact in terms of COVID-deaths, and the share of population at risk of poverty. Results show considerable within-country heterogeneity in birth changes after the pandemic and that higher share of poverty, worse labour market performance, and higher excess mortality are associated with births decline.

Epidemiology of behavioral dependence: literature review and results of original studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lejoyeux ◽  
M. Mc Loughlin ◽  
J. Adès
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Compulsive Buying ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryThe extension of the definition of dependence leads to the consideration of some impulsive disorders as a form of dependence disorder. This pathological condition is characterized by the repetitive occurrence of impulsive and uncontrolled behaviors. Other clinical characteristics are failure to resist an impulse, drive or temptation to perform some act harmful to oneself and/or others, an increasing sense of tension or excitement before acting out, and a sense of pleasure, gratification or release at the time of the behavior or shortly thereafter. Behavioral dependences most often described are pathological gambling, kleptomania, trichotillomania and compulsive buying.Studies using a specific assessment scale, the South Oaks Gambling Screen, distinguished problem gambling from pathological gambling. Social gamblers spend 5% of their money and pathological gamblers 14 to 45%. Prevalence of ‘problem gambling’ is 4% and pathological gambling 2%. Several studies have suggested that the incidence of pathological gambling is eight to ten times greater in alcohol-dependent patients than in the general population.No systematic study has assessed the prevalence of kleptomania. Data come from case reports. Among subjects arrested after a theft, prevalence of kleptomania varied between 0 and 24%. Trichotillomania prevalence rate is 0.6% among students. Studies using less restrictive diagnostic criteria found a prevalence rate of 3.4% in women and 1.5% in men. The disorder is often unrecognized; 40% of the cases are not diagnosed and 58% of the patients have never been treated.Prevalence studies of compulsive buying found a rate between 1 and 6% in the general population. Compulsive buying is significantly more frequent among women (90% of the cases). Study of family history of compulsive buyers showed a high frequency of alcohol-dependence disorder (20%) and depression (18%). In all cases of behavioral dependence disorders, a high level of impulsivity and sensation-seeking could determine an increased risk.

Pathological Gambling in Spanish Children and Adolescents: An Emerging Problem

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Children ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Representative Samples

Several studies have shown a high prevalence of pathological gamblers among adults in Spain (between 1.5% and 1.7%) of the population (18 years and older). In other countries the prevalence of pathological gambling in children and adolescents has been higher than in adults. Here some results of the first studies conducted in Spain concerning the prevalence of pathological gambling in school children and adolescents (11–16 years) are presented for two cities located in different northern regions of Spain, A Coruña (Galicia) and Gijón (Asturias), with representative samples of school children. The prevalence was 2.2% ( n = 1,200) and 1.6% ( n = 2,185), respectively, for the use of slot machines, using the 1993 DSM-IVJ Questionnaire of Fisher, and 2.4% in the first city with the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised Adolescent for all types of gambling. The analyses suggest there is an emerging problem among children and adolescents in Spain perhaps leading to an increased number of pathological gamblers as adults.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Territorial Patterns in COVID-19 Mortality in France, Spain, Italy and the UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zavatta
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
The Uk

This paper provides an overview of territorial patterns of COVID-19 deaths in four European countries severely affected by the pandemic, Spain, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. The analysis focuses on cumulated COVID-19 mortality at the sub-regional level, following the territorial subdivision of countries adopted by the European Union. The paper builds upon a dataset with highly granular information on COVID-19 deaths assembled from various sources. The analysis shows remarkable differences in territorial patterns of COVID-19 mortality, both within and across the four countries reviewed. Results somewhat differ depending on the aspect considered (concentration of deaths or mortality rates) but, in general, Italy, France and Spain display significant territorial disparities, with selected sub-regions being disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Instead, the picture is more uniform in the UK, with comparatively lower differences across the various sub-regions. These findings suggest that analyses of COVID-19 mortality at the national level (and, sometimes, even at the regional level) may conceal major differences and therefore be of limited use, both analytically and from an operational viewpoint.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of SOGS-RA in the Polish Version

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jarczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
School Year ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Polish Adaptation ◽  
Trial Participants

Objective: The objective was to  adapt the American pathological gambling screening tool /SOGS-RA The South Oaks Gambling Screen - Revised for Adolescent/ by K. Winters, R. Stinchfield and J. Fulkerson (1993) and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Method: The adapted tool was used in research on a randomly selected sample of 2,617 adolescents aged 13-20 years in the 2012/2013 school year. Results: On the SOGS-RA scale, 2.6% of the trial participants achieved a score indicating past year problem gambling before the survey, 4.1% were classified as problem gamblers, whereas 17.3% of adolescents engaged in social gambling that did not pose a problem gambling risk at the time. The SOGS-RA demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.78). Conclusions: The Polish adaptation of the SOGS-RA scale is reliable and accurate, which is why it is worth recommending it for use in further research on Polish adolescents.

scholarly journals Time trends in the geographical distribution of physicians, nurses and midwives in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Winkelmann ◽  
C B Maier
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Physician Density ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Nurses And Midwives ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Data on the supply of health professionals show large variations in the health workforce density among European countries based on national-level data. However, little attention has been paid to the comparison of health professional density at the regional level. This study aimed to analyse the density of physicians, nurses and midwives at regional level, using a cross-country comparative design and examine time trends. Methods Descriptive analysis of Eurostat data on the rate of health professionals per population at national and regional levels (NUTS 2 regions) for 2017 and time trends (2005-2017) and comparison to population density. To improve the cross-country comparability of data a set of criteria was applied, resulting in 15 European countries covered on physicians and eight for nurses and midwives. Changes over time in the regional distribution were analysed, using percentage change and compound annual growth rate (CAGR). Results We found a 2.4-fold difference in the physician density between the highest and lowest density countries (Austria: 513, Poland 241.6 per 100.000) and a 3.5-fold difference among nurses (Denmark: 1702.5, Bulgaria: 483). Differences by regions across Europe were higher and varied up to 4.5-fold both for physicians and nurses/midwives and did not improve over time. Results show that in all countries physician density levels are highest in densely populated regions, with capitals and/or major cities, while density of nurses and midwives tends to be higher in less populated areas. Overall, physician rates grew at a faster rate than the density levels of nurses and midwives. Conclusions International data should not only cover supply indicators at national level, but routinely collect regional data on the number of health professionals to demonstrate regional differences in workforce supply and to improve monitoring and workforce planning at regional levels. Key messages Despite increases in the density levels of physicians, nurses and midwives, time trends over a ten-year period showed no improvement in the geographical distribution within countries. The study is the first of its kind to descriptively analyse geographical density levels and time trends among health professionals across a selection of European countries using Eurostat data.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Problem Gambling Among Women Using Shelter and Drop-in Services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora I. Matheson ◽  
Parisa Dastoori ◽  
Tara Hahmann ◽  
Julia Woodhall-Melnik ◽  
Sara J. T. Guilcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Problematic Gambling

AbstractPeople experiencing poverty/homelessness have higher rates of problematic gambling than the general population. Yet, research on gambling among this population is sparse, notably among women. This study examined prevalence of problematic gambling among women using shelter and drop-in services in Ontario, Canada. The NORC Diagnostic Screen for Disorders was administered to women during visits to 15 sites using time/location methodology. Within a sample of 162 women, the prevalence of at-risk (6.2%), problem (9.3%), and pathological gambling (19.1%) was higher than the general population. Among women who scored at-risk or higher, 55.4% met criteria for pathological gambling. The findings suggest that women seeking shelter and drop-in services are vulnerable to problematic gambling. Creating awareness of this vulnerability within the shelter and drop-in service sector is an important first step to support women with gambling problems who face financial and housing precarity.

scholarly journals Alexithymia and Emotion Regulation Strategies in Adolescent Gamblers with and Without At-Risk Profiles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Estévez ◽  
Paula Jauregui ◽  
Laura Macía ◽  
Cristina Martín-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies

AbstractAlexithymia, difficulties in emotion regulation, and negative affect play an important role in adolescents who present pathological gambling. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze the differences between alexithymia, difficulties in emotion regulation, and positive and negative affect in adolescents with and without risk of gambling problems. Secondly, the relationships between all the variables of the study in adolescents with and without risk of problem gambling were analyzed separately. Thirdly, we analyzed the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the relationship between alexithymia and dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies (ERS) in adolescents at risk of gambling problems. The sample was composed of 206 adolescents with ages ranging from 12 to 18 years (M = 15.52; SD = 1.43). They were divided into two groups according to the score obtained in the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA). Thus, 84 were included in the group without risk of gambling problems and 122 in the group at risk of gambling problems. The results obtained revealed higher scores in negative affect and pathological gambling in the group at risk of gambling problems. Likewise, positive relationships between alexithymia, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (MERS), and affect were found. Mediation analyses showed that difficulties in identifying feelings were indirectly related to greater use of dysfunctional ERS through their relationship with negative affect in at-risk gamblers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document