scholarly journals Return to neptunism: review article

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yu N Golubchikov
Keyword(s):  
Anthropic Principle ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Physical Forces ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Reliable Isolation ◽  
The Universe

The article tries to revive the traditions of neptunizm. The neptunist Cuvier believed that «the fossil is the key to the past. The past is characterized by a radical break with the present, perhaps it even proceeded according to another physical laws. This is evidenced by the fossils. With the modern action of physical forces, all the deceased remnants decompose. Fossils could have formed during catastrophically rapid burial with reliable isolation from oxygen. The present is the key to the past according to the lawyer Lyell. The past is like the present. It contains an incredible amount of time and years. All processes were going with the same energy as they do now and were not overshadowed by any gigantic disaster. Lyell's statements entered science under the name of the principle of actualism. He gave a paradigmal form not only to the earth sciences, but to all of science, and formed the basis of the evolutionary doctrine. The fundamental dogma of randomness of both natural and all historical processes is the basis of modern scientific ideology. This randomness has no purpose and cannot have. Nevertheless, paradoxically, it predetermines the evolutionary progress of all things. With the appearance of the anthropic principle the teleologism regains its completeness and direction. The anthropic principle is teleological. Since the entire Universe and the biosphere are attuned to human nature, the more such attunement can be expected from earthly nature. There are opportunities for harmonizing human with natural landscapes for health-improving purposes. Nothing was known about the subtlest adjustment of the Universe for humans, or about the incredible complexity of the biosphere even 50-70 years ago. The universe could be explained by evolution and actualism. The discovered incredible complexity of the world brings religion and science closer together. A catastrophic and probably anti-random picture of the planet's history is emerging more and more clear. In this light, the power of science is seen again not in confrontation with religion, but in harmonization with it.

Philosophy, Science, and the Human Situation

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-524
Author(s):  
John J. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Human Survival ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Situation ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Historical Condition ◽  
The Universe

It is a commonplace of personal and social experience that, having once secured the conditions of human survival and temporal well-being, men have always turned their curiosities to the hows and whys of the universe and themselves in it. Generally, the results of such investigations have found expression in behavioral and systematic patterns formulated in their speculative learnings and assimilated into the language and culture of their times. These learnings and cultures, no less than the universe and societies of which they are the meaningful expressions, are the products of concrete and unique historical processes. To ignore this essentially historical condition of the emergence and development of human learnings and cultures is to risk sacrificing that all-important criterion by which any subsequent age is able to discern and assimilate the definitive achievements of every prior age and thus avoid the extreme alternatives of wholly accepting or wholly rejecting all of the achievements of any given age. To effect this discernment between the tentative and the definitive in the recorded results of our civilized past would seem, therefore, to require some broad yet genuine appreciation of the variables and the constants, the discontinuities and continuities in the past. It is to contribute something to the large task of that discernment that this analysis addresses itself.

scholarly journals KAJIAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP TRADISI SEDEKAH BUMI (KONVENSI TRADISI JAWA) DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQIH IMAM SYAFI’I

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-382
Author(s):  
Daud Rismana ◽  
Muhamad Farchan Sulistiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
The People ◽  
Inductive Methods ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Universe

Among the people of Java. Especially in the Cangkring Village of Rembang, Karanganyar, Demak. There are various rituals that are sacred and have been hereditary traditions, one of which is the earth alms tradition is a cultural ritual from the past. The community in the Cangkring Rembang Village, Karanganyar, Demak, considers that the real purpose and purpose of the earth alms tradition is a form of gratitude that created the universe namely God who has bestowed agricultural produce for the people in the Cangkring Rembang Village. Therefore, the people of Cangring Village in Rembang always carry out the tradition of alms in the earth, which is in the middle of the moon or dzulqo’dah. In this study included field research in the Cangkring Rembang Village, Karanganyar, Demak. While information is collected by interviews. The data that has been obtained is analyzed using data analysis techniques with descriptive, deductive, and inductive methods. Likewise, almsgiving is a convention of Javanese tradition with Islam. Given the earth alms tradition is a ritual passed down from ancestors to later generations, even though the earth alms tradition does not directly mention it in the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's Hadith, but it is reviewed from the Islamic law in perspective fiqh, it is still permissible but does not contradict existing Islamic laws, and does not associate partners with Allah SWT.

scholarly journals Speculations on Possible Physical and Cosmical Phenomena in Reference to the Past Conditions of Our Earth

The Geologist ◽  
1863 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
S. J. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Planetary System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Planetary Orbits ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Past Conditions

Whenever we begin to think about the formation of the universe we get at once into the realms of speculation, and the only value of our thoughts rests in their probability. In everything unknown we must first form an idea—that is, speculate; then, by partial gatherings of facts, or by positive reasoning, we may theorize. Ultimately, by the accumulation of evidence, we may prove that which, in the first place, we only imagined. When first men observed the sun, they regarded the earth as a flat plain, over which the sun passed in his heavenly course, and below which, at eve, he retired to rest. It was not until many ages had elapsed that the world came to be regarded as round, and even then it was long before the sun was considered as a fixed centre of the planetary system revolving round him.By no nation of ancient times has astronomy been more advanced than the Greeks. Not that the Greeks ever worked out much to a proved result, but they were an imaginative people, and they invented notions. If one theory or speculation was disproved, they invented another; and, hit or miss, they always seemed to have fresh ideas in reserve. In some things astronomical, as in many other things that the world believes in, we may be heretics, and we admit we do not adhere to all the cosmical, physical, geological, and spiritual tenets of the popular faiths. We may not entirely believe in the perfect stability of the universe; we may doubt the eternal endurance of the sun's bright rays; and we may not quite acquiesce in the unchangeable permanence of tne planetary orbits: in short, we do not believe in the permanence of anything whatever in creation. All ever has been change, and changeful all things ever will be. Diversity and change are visible in the first created things of which any relics have been left us.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

‘A pinch of unseen, unguarded dust’: The World and Self in Thomas Hardy's Poems

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Monika Szuba
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Recurrent Theme ◽  
Body Subject

The essay discusses selected poems from Thomas Hardy's vast body of poetry, focusing on representations of the self and the world. Employing Maurice Merleau-Ponty's concepts such as the body-subject, wild being, flesh, and reversibility, the essay offers an analysis of Hardy's poems in the light of phenomenological philosophy. It argues that far from demonstrating ‘cosmic indifference’, Hardy's poetry offers a sympathetic vision of interrelations governing the universe. The attunement with voices of the Earth foregrounded in the poems enables the self's entanglement in the flesh of the world, a chiasmatic intertwining of beings inserted between the leaves of the world. The relation of the self with the world is established through the act of perception, mainly visual and aural, when the body becomes intertwined with the world, thus resulting in a powerful welding. Such moments of vision are brief and elusive, which enhances a sense of transitoriness, and, yet, they are also timeless as the self becomes immersed in the experience. As time is a recurrent theme in Hardy's poetry, this essay discusses it in the context of dwelling, the provisionality of which is demonstrated in the prevalent sense of temporality, marked by seasons and birdsong, which underline the rhythms of the world.

An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

Denouement: World Politics, Systemic Leadership, and Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Thompson ◽  
Leila Zakhirova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
World Politics ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Historical Processes

In this final chapter, we conclude by recapitulating our argument and evidence. One goal of this work has been to improve our understanding of the patterns underlying the evolution of world politics over the past one thousand years. How did we get to where we are now? Where and when did the “modern” world begin? How did we shift from a primarily agrarian economy to a primarily industrial one? How did these changes shape world politics? A related goal was to examine more closely the factors that led to the most serious attempts by states to break free of agrarian constraints. We developed an interactive model of the factors that we thought were most likely to be significant. Finally, a third goal was to examine the linkages between the systemic leadership that emerged from these historical processes and the global warming crisis of the twenty-first century. Climate change means that the traditional energy platforms for system leadership—coal, petroleum, and natural gas—have become counterproductive. The ultimate irony is that we thought that the harnessing of carbon fuels made us invulnerable to climate fluctuations, while the exact opposite turns out to be true. The more carbon fuels are consumed, the greater the damage done to the atmosphere. In many respects, the competition for systemic leadership generated this problem. Yet it is unclear whether systemic leadership will be up to the task of resolving it.

The Kalam Cosmological Argument

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lane Craig
Keyword(s):  
Space Time ◽  
Cosmological Argument ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical Space ◽  
Kalam Cosmological Argument ◽  
Kalām Cosmological Argument ◽  
The Universe

A survey of recent philosophical literature on the kalam cosmological argument reveals that arguments for the finitude of the past and, hence, the beginning of the universe remain robust. Plantinga’s brief criticisms of Kant’s argument in his First Antinomy concerning time are shown not to be problematic for the kalam argument. This chapter addresses, one by one, the two premises of the kalam, focusing on their philosophical aspects. The notion of infinity, both actual and potential, is discussed in relation to the coming into being of the universe. In addition, the scientific aspects of the two premises are also, briefly, addressed. Among these are the Borde-Guth-Vilenkin theorem, which proves that classical space-time cannot be extended to past infinity but must reach a boundary at some time in the finite past. This, among other factors, lends credence to the kalam argument’s second premise.

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