scholarly journals Genetic structure of different equine breeds by microsatellite DNA loci

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
A. V. Shelyov ◽  
K. V. Kopylov ◽  
S. S. Kramarenko ◽  
A. S. Kramarenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
International Society ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Parametric Methods ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Formation History ◽  
History Of

Aim. Our work was aimed at the evaluation of genetic diversity of three domestic equine breeds which differ by the history of their formation and use. Methods. Genotyping of DNA samples of three breeds of horses, namely, Hucul (78 animals), Thoroughbred (51 animals) and Ukrainian Saddle Horse (152 animals), was conducted by 11 microsatellite loci, recommended by the International Stud Book Committee (ISBC) and the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). The mathematical analysis involved parametric and non-parametric methods of statistics. Results. The results of polymorphism analysis of the gene funds for Hucul, Thoroughbred and Ukrainian Saddle horses by 11 microsatellite DNA loci were fi rst presented in Ukraine. It was demonstrated that the study of microsatellite DNA loci allows both determining the reliability of origin of pedigree animals and controlling population processes in different breeds and the polymorphy of the very breeds. Conclusions. The molecular and genetic analysis of equine breeds, differing by their provenance, demonstrated specifi cities of genetic structure of each breed, which correspond to the formation history of their gene funds. The populational-genetic analysis using different mathematical methods is recommended for the purposes of evaluating and forecasting microevolution processes, controlling gene fund formation both during the breeding work and within the system of preserving genetic biodiversity

scholarly journals Genetic structure of nine horse populations

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Monika Burócziová ◽  
J. Říha ◽  
R. Židek ◽  
J. Trandžík ◽  
D. Jakabová
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
International Society ◽  
Polymorphism Information Content ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Microsatellites Markers ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

In the present study was estimate the genetic diversity and relationships among nine horses breeds in Czech and Slovak Republic.In conclusion, the main objective of study was to show the level of genetic distance among the horse breeds with different history of breeding of each country. Furthermore, it should be clarified whether these populations and subpopulations are distinct enough from each other to justify defining separate breeds. This research concerns the variability of microsatellite markers in genotypes of horse. We compared the genetic diversity and distance among nine horse breeds Czech and Slovak Warmblood both of Czech origin, Slovak Warmblood of Slovak origin, Hucul, Hafling, Furioso, Noriker, Silesian Noriker and Bohemian-Moravian Belgian Horse.In total, 932 animals were genotyped for 17 microsatellites markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, VHL20, HTG6, HMS2, HTG7, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, LEX3) recommended by the International Society of Animal Genetics.In the different population size, the allele frequencies, observed and expected heterozygosity, test for deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Polymorphism information content have been calculated for each breed. We analyzed genetic distance and diversity among them on the base of the dataset of highly polymorphic set of microsatellites representing all autozomes using set of PowerMar­ker v3.25 analysis tools and Structure 2.2. programme for results comparison.

scholarly journals Population Genetic Structure and Genetic Diversity in Twisted-Jaw Fish, Belodontichthys truncatus Kottelat & Ng, 1999 (Siluriformes: Siluridae), from Mekong Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surapon Yodsiri ◽  
Komgrit Wongpakam ◽  
Adisak Ardharn ◽  
Chadaporn Senakun ◽  
Sutthira Khumkratok
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Demographic Expansion ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Food Source

The Mekong River and its tributaries possess the second highest diversity in fish species in the world. However, the fish biodiversity in this river is threatened by several human activities, such as hydropower plant construction. Understanding the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the species is important for natural resource management. Belodontichthys truncatus Kottelat & Ng is endemic to the Mekong River basin and is an important food source for people in this area. In this study, the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and demographic history of the twisted-jaw fish, B. truncatus, were investigated using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. A total of 124 fish specimens were collected from 10 locations in the Mekong and its tributaries. Relatively high genetic diversity was found in populations of B. truncatus compared to other catfish species in the Mekong River. The genetic structure analysis revealed that a population from the Chi River in Thailand was genetically significantly different from other populations, which is possibly due to the effect of genetic drift. Demographic history analysis indicated that B. truncatus has undergone recent demographic expansion dating back to the end of the Pleistocene glaciation.

scholarly journals Combined Ribotyping and Random Multiprimer DNA Analysis To Probe the Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2849-2857 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mereghetti ◽  
P. Lanotte ◽  
V. Savoye-Marczuk ◽  
N. Marquet-Van Der Mee ◽  
A. Audurier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Division I ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Division Ii

ABSTRACT To improve our understanding of the genetic links between strains originating from food and strains responsible for human diseases, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of 130 epidemiologically unrelated Listeria monocytogenes strains. Strains were isolated from different sources and ecosystems in which the bacterium is commonly found. We used rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with two endonucleases and random multiprimer DNA analysis with seven oligonucleotide primers to study multiple genetic features of each strain. We used three clustering methods to identify genetic links between individual strains and to determine the precise genetic structure of the population. The combined results confirmed that L. monocytogenes strains can be divided into two major phylogenetic divisions. The method used allowed us to demonstrate that the genetic structure and diversity of the two phylogenetic divisions differ. Division I is the most homogeneous and can easily be divided into subgroups with dissimilarity distances of less than 0.30. Each of these subgroups mainly, or exclusively, contains a single serotype (1/2b, 4b, 3b, or 4a). The serotype 4a lineage appears to form a branch that is highly divergent from the phylogenetic group containing serotypes 1/2b, 4b, and 3b. Division II contains strains of serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, and 3a. It exhibits more genetic diversity with no peculiar clustering. The fact that division II is more heterogeneous than division I suggests that division II evolved from a common ancestor earlier than division I. A significant association was found between division I and human strains, suggesting that strains from division I are better adapted to human hosts.

scholarly journals Population Genetics of New Zealand Nemadactylus macropterus (tarakihi) and Characterisation of their Mitochondrial Genome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexander Halliwell
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hyper Variable Region

<p>Nemadactylus macropterus, commonly known as tarakihi in New Zealand is highly regarded by commercial and recreational fishers and considered a taonga by iwi and customary fisheries. For many years N. macropterus was New Zealand’s second most important commercial catch and is currently the third most valuable inshore commercial finfish fishery in which 90% is consumed by the domestic market. However, despite the apparent importance, relatively little is known about the population structure of the N. macropterus. In 2017 the first fully quantitative stock assessment was conducted on the east coast N. macropterus fisheries as one stock. Alarmingly, the east coast fishery was estimated to be 15.9% of the unexploited spawning biomass and predicted to have been declining for the past thirty years. In an effort to rebuild the fishery, several rebuild plans have been purposed and commercial catch limits have been reduced. In order to rebuild and successfully manage a viable future N. macropterus fishery, an understanding of demographic connectivity and genetic connectivity among N. macropterus populations is essential.  The overall goal of this thesis research was to investigate the population genetic structure, genetic diversity and demographic history of N. macropterus using fish sampled from around New Zealand. This was achieved by analysing hyper variable region one of mitochondrial DNA for 370 N. macropterus collected from 14 locations. No genetic differentiation was observed among the 14 locations, an indication that N. macropterus have a panmictic genetic structure. Furthermore, N. macropterus display a relatively high level of genetic diversity and appear to have a large stable population with a long evolutionary history. The Bayesian skyline analysis indicates the N. macropterus historic population has gone through two expansions. The mostly likely cause of this is an expansion before and after the last glacial maximum.  The genetic diversity and demographic history of N. sp was also studied using samples collected from around the Three Kings Islands of New Zealand. The complete mitochondrial genome of N. macropterus was reconstructed from bulk DNA sequencing data and a set of specific mtDNA primers were developed to amplify hyper variable region one. The DNA sequencing data provided by these primers with the addition of published control region sequences was used to reconstruct the Nemadactylus phylogeny.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumiao Zhang ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Defu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Père David’S Deer ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Elaphurus Davidianus

The reintroduction is an important conservation tool to restore a species in its historically distribution area, but the rate of reintroduction success varies across species or regions due to different reasons. Genetic evaluation is important to the conservation management of reintroduced species. Conservation concerns relate to genetic threats for species with a small population size or severely historically bottle-necked species, such as negative consequences associated with loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding. The last 40years have seen a rapid increasing of population size for Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus), which originated from a limited founder population. However, the genetic structure of reintroduced Père David’s deer has not been investigated in terms of population genomics, and it is still not clear about the evolutionary history of Père David’s deer and to what extent the inbreeding level is. Conservation genomics methods were used to reconstruct the demographic history of Père David’s deer, evaluate genetic diversity, and characterize genetic structure among 18 individuals from the captive, free-ranging and wild populations. The results showed that 1,456,457 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained for Père David’s deer, and low levels of genome-wide genetic diversity were observed in Père David’s deer compared with Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and Sika deer (Cervus nippon). A moderate population genetic differentiation was detected among three populations of Père David’s deer, especially between the captive population in Beijing Père David’s deer park and the free-ranging population in Jiangsu Dafeng National Nature Reserve. The effective population size of Père David’s deer started to decline ~25.8ka, and the similar levels of three populations’ LD reflected the genetic impacts of long-term population bottlenecks in the Père David’s deer. The findings of this study could highlight the necessity of individual exchange between different facilities, and genetic management should generally be integrated into conservation planning with other management considerations.

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