A Proposal of a Visual Inspection Method for Detecting Low Contrast Defects of an IC Lead Frame by Using a Spline Function

2010 ◽  
Vol 130 (9) ◽  
pp. 1546-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Shigemori ◽  
Toshihiro Kikuno ◽  
Takahiro Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Spline Function ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Lead Frame ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Low Contrast

Image-Based Comprehensive Maintenance and Inspection Method for Bridges Using Deep Learning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zhao ◽  
Shengyuan Li ◽  
Hongguo Su ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Kenneth J. Loh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Health State ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Fine Turning

Bridge management and maintenance work is an important part for the assessment the health state of bridge. The conventional management and maintenance work mainly relied on experienced engineering staffs by visual inspection and filling in survey forms. However, the human-based visual inspection is a difficult and time-consuming task and its detection results significantly rely on subjective judgement of human inspectors. To address the drawbacks of human-based visual inspection method, this paper proposes an image-based comprehensive maintenance and inspection method for bridges using deep learning. To classify the types of bridges, a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier established by fine-turning the AlexNet is trained, validated and tested using 3832 images with three types of bridges (arch, suspension and cable-stayed bridge). For the recognition of bridge components (tower and deck of bridges), a Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) based on modified ZF-net is trained, validated and tested by utilizing 600 bridge images. To implement the strategy of a sliding window technique for the crack detection, another CNN from fine-turning the GoogLeNet is trained, validated and tested by employing a databank with cropping 1455 raw concrete images into 60000 intact and cracked images. The performance of the trained CNNs and Faster R-CNN is tested on some new images which are not used for training and validation processes. The test results substantiate the proposed method can indeed recognize the types and components and detect cracks for a bridges.

Anomaly Criteria for General Visual Inspection of Subsea Flexible Pipes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Tadjiev
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Service Failure ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Competent Person ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Areas Of Concern

Abstract For flexible pipes in subsea applications, General Visual Inspection (GVI) by Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) remains the most common inspection method that is used on a routine basis. It enables verification of pipe configuration or layout and also helps to identify any areas of concern indicative of an increased risk of in-service failure. The success of ROV GVI chiefly relies on the anomaly criteria used, these help inspectors to identify any areas of concern, which can then be assessed by a competent person to ensure any threat to the integrity of an inspected component is identified and addressed. Currently there are no commonly accepted anomaly criteria for ROV GVI of flexible pipes. As a result there is no consistent approach between different operators and experience shows that the inspection approach and anomaly criteria are often adopted from what has traditionally been used for rigid pipes. Since flexible pipes have different design and associated failure threats and mechanisms to rigid pipe, use of this approach may result in under or over inspection of flexible pipes. This paper presents a set of anomaly criteria for ROV GVI of flexible pipes. The criteria were developed using the experience and lessons learned from a population of approximately 350 flexible pipes from two different manufactures operating in deep waters of the UKCS for over a period of 20 years. The criteria cover dynamic flexible risers and associated ancillary equipment, seabed flexible flowlines and jumpers. The applicability of the proposed anomaly criteria to other systems, the benefits of having commonly accepted anomaly criteria, the anomaly detection capability of ROV GVI and the reporting of anomalies are also discussed.

Automated Grain Mapping Using Wide Angle Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction in Transmission Electron Microscope for Nanomaterials

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Convergent Beam

AbstractThe grain size statistics, commonly derived from the grain map of a material sample, are important microstructure characteristics that greatly influence its properties. The grain map for nanomaterials is usually obtained manually by visual inspection of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs because automated methods do not perform satisfactorily. While the visual inspection method provides reliable results, it is a labor intensive process and is often prone to human errors. In this article, an automated grain mapping method is developed using TEM diffraction patterns. The presented method uses wide angle convergent beam diffraction in the TEM. The automated technique was applied on a platinum thin film sample to obtain the grain map and subsequently derive grain size statistics from it. The grain size statistics obtained with the automated method were found in good agreement with the visual inspection method.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMEMT OF PAVEMENT VISUAL INSPECTION METHOD USING MOVING IMAGE TAKEN WITH ACTION CAMERA MOUNTED ON TRAVELING VEHICLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. I_25-I_31
Author(s):  
Shuichi KAMEYAMA ◽  
Hiroshi NAGAYA ◽  
Kyeong Hwan KWAK ◽  
Katsuhiko HORAGUCHI ◽  
Shinichiro KAWABATA
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Moving Image

scholarly journals A New Health Assessment Index of Tunnel Lining Based on the Digital Inspection of Surface Cracks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuezhen Wu ◽  
Yujing Jiang ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Kusaba Masaya ◽  
Tetsuya Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Crack Density ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Tunnel Lining ◽  
New Method ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
The Stability

The stability assessment of aged tunnel linings were mainly evaluated based on the visual inspection, and the Tunnel-lining Crack Index (TCI) is one of the most widely used tunnel lining health assessment indexes in Japan. However, the intersection and distribution of cracks, which can influence the stability of tunnel lining greatly, were not considered in the TCI. A new method was proposed for the health assessment of tunnel lining, which evaluate the lining states according to the fractal dimension of cracks. Based on the machine vision-based method, the crack image can be extracted efficiently. The fractal dimension of lining cracks in one span can be obtained in a few minutes. A series of comparative tests and field tests were conducted to evaluate the validity of this new method. The comparative tests confirmed that fractal dimension can characterize the density, width, and distribution of cracks. The results also certificated that the influence of crack width is larger than the crack density. The intersection of cracks, which will increase the risk of lining collapse, can also increase the fractal dimension, whereas the TCI keep constant. The fractal dimensions of tunnel lining cracks were obtained according to the digital inspection test of Hidake Tunnel in Japan for all the 65 spans. Moreover, the TCI was obtained through statistical methods. The correlation between fractal dimension and TCI of tunnel lining was studied. The significance of the new evaluation index is that it can identify some unusual spans of tunnel lining and provide a basis for further internal testing. As a complement to the conventional visual inspection method, the fractal dimension of the cracks is a promising health assessment index.

scholarly journals The levels of utilization of visual inspection screening of cervical cancer in Kitui, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
J H Mwangi ◽  
A G Gachau ◽  
E W Kabiru
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Low Levels

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of public health importance with a high global morbidity and mortality. More than 266,000 women die every year,with 87% of them coming from low and middle-income countries. These are the areas where programmes for screening and treatment are either deficient or underutilized. The morbidity and the mortality rates remain high in Kenya despite the screening and treatment services that the Ministry of Health has rolled out all over the country. Low levels of utilization of the established screening systems leads to increased morbidity and mortality. The problem is more prevalent in the rural Kenya where socioeconomic status of the majority in the population is low. Kitui County is such a rural region in Kenya. Objective: To determine the factors influencing the levels of utilization of the Visual Inspection method (VIA/VILI) for cervical cancer screening services in Kitui County, Kenya. Methodology: This was a descriptive study involving 370 women of reproductive age attending public MCH/FP clinics in Kitui County Kenya. Systematic random sampling method was used to select the participants. Exit interview was the main data collection technique. Key informants were also interviewed and facilities’ preparedness to provide adequate screening services was assessed using a facility survey checklist. Results: A total of 370 women were interviewed, 69.2% of whom were aged below 29 years, 68% were married, 75% had three or fewer children, 19% did not have the basic level of formal education and 61% were earning less than 50 US$per month. The level of awareness on cervical cancer and its prevention was 53.8%, with significant difference in relation to VIA/VILI utilization (OR 3.0675 p=0.000). Significance difference was also observed in cervical cancer testing and level of education (X 2 =21.728, df=3, P= 0.000), the main source of income, (X 2 = 15.030, df=2, P=0.01), average monthly income, (X 2 =27.942, df=4, P=0.0001) and the main decision maker in the family, (X 2 =6.908, df=2, p=0.032). Public health facilities were not adequately equipped and well staffed to provide the VIA/VILI screening services. Conclusion: Low levels (53.8%) of awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention among eligible clients in Kitui Central Sub-county Kenya, which was below the national target of over 70%, low coverage of health facilities and shortage of manpower lead to low levels of VIA/VILI screening. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen the existing services and interventions strategies, and enhance cancer awareness campaigns in order to reduce the incidence of the disease.

scholarly journals ENHANCEMENT OF EXTERNAL WALL DECORATION MATERIAL FOR THE BUILDING IN SAFETY INSPECTION METHOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-Hsin Pan ◽  
Ching-Hsiang Tsai ◽  
Kuei-Yuan Chen ◽  
Jessie Sung
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
External Wall ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Detection Technology

As buildings wear out, external wall tiles or attachments will usually fall off, sometimes causing human injuries. At present, the method employed for middle-high rise buildings is mainly the method of visual inspection. The inspection results in using this method are affected by the factors of subjectivity, safety and cost. This study aims to provide a lowercost and more efficient evaluation method for inspecting the status of buildings’ external walls. This proposed method implements Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) technology and high-resolution photographic equipment on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) which can improve the image recording of the detection process, as well as the overall visual detection technology, and solve the existing visual detection problem of inspectors. Also, the images detected by visual inspection and UAV high-resolution video are used to develop a suitable visual evaluation process and test table for external walls. Through the test results of several cases, the deterioration status and needs for maintenance are taken into account according to the degree of performance indicators. The findings of the study is that the proposed mechanism is more efficient and lower cost for the detection of external walls or ancillary structures’ abnormal status, which is easy to use in practice.

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