scholarly journals Characteristic of Leaf Peltate Glandular Trichomes and Their Variability of Some Lamiaceae Martinov Family Species

2018 ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Svidenko
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes

An investigation into the ultrastructure and histochemistry of glandular trichomes of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] leaves

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 842-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Paul ◽  
C. G. McWhorter ◽  
J.C. Ouzts
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Secretory Apparatus

Secretory trichomes have been described on johnsongrass leaves previously, but there is little knowledge of their ultrastructure or the nature of their secretion. Since johnsongrass is a pernicious weed, there is much interest in the nature of compounds found on its foliar surface, and the possible effect of these extrusions on herbicide efficiency. This report describes the results of an investigation into the ultrastructure of the secretory apparatus, and into the nature of the secretion.

Hop pellets type 90: ESEM studies of glandular trichomes morphological and structural changes during the different phases of hop processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srečec ◽  
V. Zechner-Krpan ◽  
S. Marag ◽  
G. Mršić ◽  
I. Špoljarić
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Glandular Trichomes

Microstructure of Glandular Trichomes on Leaf Surface of Sesame and Changes of Trichome Secretions under Drought Condition

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi SU ◽  
Rui-Hang LI ◽  
Dan-Ying LANG ◽  
Ke ZHANG ◽  
Xiao-Hu HAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Drought Condition

scholarly journals A novel non-trichome based whitefly resistance QTL in Solanum galapagense

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Santegoets ◽  
Marcella Bovio ◽  
Wendy van’t Westende ◽  
Roeland E. Voorrips ◽  
Ben Vosman
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Type Iv

AbstractThe greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum is a major threat in tomato cultivation. In greenhouse grown tomatoes non-trichome based whitefly resistance may be better suited than glandular trichome based resistance as glandular trichomes may interfere with biocontrol, which is widely used. Analysis of a collection of recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum galapagense showed resistance to the whitefly T. vaporariorum on plants without glandular trichomes type IV. The resistance affected whitefly adult survival (AS), but not oviposition rate. This indicates that S. galapagense, in addition to trichome based resistance, also carries non-trichome based resistance components. The effectiveness of the non-trichome based resistance appeared to depend on the season in which the plants were grown. The resistance also had a small but significant effect on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, but not on the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. A segregating F2 population was created to map the non-trichome based resistance. Two Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for reduced AS of T. vaporariorum were mapped on chromosomes 12 and 7 (explaining 13.9% and 6.0% of the variance respectively). The QTL on chromosome 12 was validated in F3 lines.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Phytochemical Analysis of Lamium album subsp. album L. Corolla: Essential Oil, Triterpenes, and Iridoids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4166
Author(s):  
Agata Konarska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Anna Matysik-Woźniak ◽  
Aneta Sulborska ◽  
Beata Polak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
First Time

The aim of this study was to conduct a histochemical analysis to localize lipids, terpenes, essential oil, and iridoids in the trichomes of the L. album subsp. album corolla. Morphometric examinations of individual trichome types were performed. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to show the micromorphology and localization of lipophilic compounds and iridoids in secretory trichomes with the use of histochemical tests. Additionally, the content of essential oil and its components were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative analyses of triterpenes carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometric detection, and the iridoid content expressed as aucubin was examined with spectrophotometric techniques. We showed the presence of iridoids and different lipophilic compounds in papillae and glandular and non-glandular trichomes. On average, the flowers of L. album subsp. album yielded 0.04 mL/kg of essential oil, which was dominated by aldehydes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes. The extract of the L. album subsp. album corolla contained 1.5 × 10−3 ± 4.3 × 10−4 mg/mL of iridoid aucubin and three triterpenes: oleanolic acid, β-amyrin, and β-amyrin acetate. Aucubin and β-amyrin acetate were detected for the first time. We suggest the use of L. album subsp. album flowers as supplements in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Introgression of the sesquiterpene biosynthesis from Solanum habrochaites to cultivated tomato offers insights into trichome morphology and arthropod resistance

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Therezan ◽  
Ruy Kortbeek ◽  
Eloisa Vendemiatti ◽  
Saioa Legarrea ◽  
Severino M. de Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Cavity Size ◽  
Solanum Habrochaites ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Internal Storage ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Trichome Morphology

Abstract Main conclusion Cultivated tomatoes harboring the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes from S. habrochaites have altered type-VI trichome morphology and unveil additional genetic components necessary for piercing-sucking pest resistance. Abstract Arthropod resistance in the tomato wild relative Solanum habrochaites LA1777 is linked to specific sesquiterpene biosynthesis. The Sesquiterpene synthase 2 (SsT2) gene cluster on LA1777 chromosome 8 controls plastid-derived sesquiterpene synthesis. The main genes at SsT2 are Z-prenyltransferase (zFPS) and Santalene and Bergamotene Synthase (SBS), which produce α-santalene, β-bergamotene, and α-bergamotene in LA1777 round-shaped type-VI glandular trichomes. Cultivated tomatoes have mushroom-shaped type-VI trichomes with much smaller glands that contain low levels of monoterpenes and cytosolic-derived sesquiterpenes, not presenting the same pest resistance as in LA1777. We successfully transferred zFPS and SBS from LA1777 to cultivated tomato (cv. Micro-Tom, MT) by a backcrossing approach. The trichomes of the MT-Sst2 introgressed line produced high levels of the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes. The type-VI trichome internal storage-cavity size increased in MT-Sst2, probably as an effect of the increased amount of sesquiterpenes, although it was not enough to mimic the round-shaped LA1777 trichomes. The presence of high amounts of plastid-derived sesquiterpenes was also not sufficient to confer resistance to various tomato piercing-sucking pests, indicating that the effect of the sesquiterpenes found in the wild S. habrochaites can be insect specific. Our results provide for a better understanding of the morphology of S. habrochaites type-VI trichomes and paves the way to obtain insect-resistant tomatoes.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Light-Regulated Monoterpenes Biosynthesis in Leaves of Mentha canadensis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Xu Yu ◽  
Xiwu Qi ◽  
Shumin Li ◽  
Hailing Fang ◽  
Yang Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Light is a key environmental aspect that regulates secondary metabolic synthesis. The essential oil produced in mint (Mentha canadensis L.) leaves is used widely in the aromatics industry and in medicine. Under low-light treatment, significant reductions in peltate glandular trichome densities were observed. GC-MS analysis showed dramatically reduced essential oil and menthol contents. Light affected the peltate glandular trichomes’ development and essential oil yield production. However, the underlying mechanisms of this regulation were elusive. To identify the critical genes during light-regulated changes in oil content, following a 24 h darkness treatment and a 24 h recovery light treatment, leaves were collected for transcriptome analysis. A total of 95,579 unigenes were obtained, with an average length of 754 bp. About 56.58% of the unigenes were annotated using four public protein databases: 10,977 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in the light signaling pathway and monoterpene synthesis pathway. Most of the TPs showed a similar expression pattern: downregulation after darkness treatment and upregulation after the return of light. In addition, the genes involved in the light signal transduction pathway were analyzed. A series of responsive transcription factors (TFs) were identified and could be used in metabolic engineering as an effective strategy for increasing essential oil yields.

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