scholarly journals Osteointegración del aloinjerto crioconservado asociado a plasma enriquecido en plaquetas, en defectos óseos infectados. Estudio experimental

10.15417/187 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Pablo Alexis Bruno ◽  
Damian Gabriel Bustos ◽  
Jorge Flores ◽  
Ignacio Fernandez Savoy ◽  
Natalia Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Pathologic Analysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Los Grupos

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>R</span><span>ESUMEN<br /> </span><span>Introducción: </span><span>El objetivo de este trabajo experimental es determinar si el agregado de plasma rico en plaquetas influye en la osteointegración del aloinjerto crioconservado con antibióticos, en fracturas infectadas, con pérdida ósea, en huesos largos de conejos.</span></p><p><span>Materiales y métodos: </span><span>Se evaluaron cuatro grupos de 7 conejos cada uno, a los cuales se les generó una fractura infectada del fémur derecho. En los cuatro grupos, se colocó aloinjerto molido con antibiótico local, en el grupo II y en el grupo IV, se agregó también plasma rico en plaquetas. Se sacrificó a los grupos I y II, a los 30 días, y a los grupos III y IV, a los 90 días. Se realizó una evalua</span>ción histológica y tomográfica.</p><p>Resultados: Nueve conejos murieron en el período de estudio. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos evaluados. En el grupo IV, con plasma rico en plaquetas, se observó neoformación ósea en tres de las cuatro muestras; se advirtieron sectores de acoplamiento entre el tejido receptor y el injertado, con consolidación en las imágenes tomográficas.</p><p>Conclusiones: En este trabajo, hubo correlación entre los resultados histológicos y tomográficos. Pese a que no se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, el agregado de plasma rico en plaquetas, además de estimular la generación de nuevos tejidos, disminuyó la reabsorción del tejido injertado al análisis anatomopatológico, y mostró mayor neoformación ósea y consolidación en el grupo IV (75%) tratado con plasma rico en plaque- tas que en el grupo III (25%) al que no se asoció plasma rico en plaquetas al aloinjerto óseo.</p></div><div class="column"><p><span>P</span><span>ALABRAS CLAVE</span><span>: Fracturas infectadas. Aloinjerto óseo. Plasma rico en plaquetas</span></p><p> </p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O</span><span>SSEOINTEGRATION OF CRYOPRESERVED ALLOGRAFT ASSOCIATED WITH PLATELET</span><span>-</span><span>RICH PLASMA</span><span>, </span><span>IN INFECTED BONE DEFECTS</span><span>. E</span><span>XPERIMENTAL STUDY </span></p><p><span>A</span><span>BSTRACT<br /> </span><span>Blackground: </span><span>The objective of this experimental work was to determine whether the addition of platelet-rich plasma influences the osseointegraton of cryopreserved allograft with antibiotics in infected fractures with bone loss, in long bones of rabbits.</span></p><p><span>Methods: </span><span>Four groups of 7 rabbits with generated infected fracture of the right femur. Milled allograft with local antibiotic was placed in the four groups; groups II and IV also received platelet-rich plasma. Rabbits in groups I and II were sacrificed at 30 days, and those of groups III and IV at 90 days. Histological and CT evaluation was performed.</span></p><p><span>Results: </span><span>Nine rabbits died during the study period. There were no statistically significant differences between groups. In group IV with platelet-rich plasma, bone formation was observed in three of the four samples, with noticeable areas of coupling between the receiver and the grafted tissue with consolidation in CT.</span></p><p><span>Conclusions: </span><span>In our study, there was no correlation between the histological and tomographic findings. Although we found no statistically significant differences, the addition of platelet-rich plasma stimulated the generation of </span>new tissue, and also decreased reabsorption of the grafted tissue according to the pathologic analysis. Besides increased bone formation and consolidation was detected in group IV (75%) treated with platelet-rich plasma, compared to group III (25%) without platelet-rich plasma bone allograft.</p><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Key words: Infected fractures. Allograft bone. Platelet-rich plasma. </span></p></div></div></div><p> </p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div><p> </p>

scholarly journals Osseointegration of Ti-30Ta Implants without Primary Stability: Effect of Tranexamic Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Rosifini Alves Rezende ◽  
Bruna Cabrera Capalbo ◽  
Mario Jefferson Quirino Louzada ◽  
André Luiz Reis Rangel ◽  
Luciano Ângelo Cintra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cp Ti

A large clot formed between the inside of the bony wall of the extraction socket and the immediate implant surface may have premature breakdown . Tranexamic acid (TXA) is fibrinolysis inhibitor and an analog of the amino acid lysine. In this paper the influence of tranexamic acid on the osseointegration of Ti-30Ta implants without primary stability was investigated. Were fabricated 32 implants of CP Titanium Grade 4 and 32 implants of Ti-30Ta alloy with dimensions of 2.1 x 2.8mm Ø. Bone defects of 2.5x3.2 mm Ø were created in right tibia of 64 Wistar male-rats using a small round bur. They were divided (n=16) into: Group I (CP-Ti machined implant), Group II (CP-Ti machined implant/ tranexamic acid), Group III (Ti-30Ta implant) and Group IV (Ti-30Ta implant/ tranexamic acid). The surgical defects of the Group II and Group IV were bathed with 20 ml of the tranexamic acid solution. The animals were euthanized at 45 days postoperative. In the right tibia of half each group (8 animals/8 tibiae) the maximum torque value necessary for manual removal of each implant was measured in Newton centimeters (Ncm). The right tibia of other half each group was subjected to non-decalcified histology processing (Stevenel's blue/Alizarin red). Data were analyzed statistically (Kruskal-Wallis Analyses) and demonstrated significant differences (P<0.05) among groups. The values of group I were significantly lower than group III and IV, but without significant difference than group II both removal torque and peri-implant bone healing. The results suggest that: a) peri-implant bone formation occurred more rapidly around the Ti-30Ta implant; b) tranexamic acid favored the stabilization of blood clot and bone formation around Ti-30Ta implants and not influenced bone formation around Ti-CP implants.

Time course of mechanosensitivity changes in articular afferents during a developing experimental arthritis

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 2180-2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Schaible ◽  
R. F. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Experimental Arthritis ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mechanical Threshold ◽  
Resting Activity ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Alpha Chloralose

1. In 37 cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose recordings were made from single-afferent units of the medial articular nerve (MAN) of the right knee joint. First the mechanosensitivity of such units was characterized while the joint was in normal condition. Thereafter, keeping the afferents under continuous observation, an experimental arthritis was induced by injecting kaolin and carrageenan into the joint cavity. The effects of the developing arthritis including the time course of the changes were studied on low- and high-threshold units and on afferents that had no mechanosensitivity in the normal joint. 2. The arthritis increased the mechanosensitivity in the majority of the low-threshold units, i.e., in units that responded already in the normal joint to movements in the working range. Enhanced responses to movements were found for 12 of 16 thick myelinated group II, 10 of 10 fine myelinated group III, and 1 of 3 unmyelinated group IV afferents. The augmentation of reactions developed in most cases within the first hour after the injection of the inflammatory compounds, sometimes starting immediately after the injection. A further rise of the mechanosensitivity was observed within the following 2-4 h. In most group III units enhanced responses for movements were accompanied by an induction or increase of resting discharges. In 1 group II and 1 group IV unit spontaneous activity developed in the absence of any change of movement-sensitivity. 3. The inflammation led to enhanced mechanosensitivity in high-threshold afferents, i.e., in units that responded in the normal joint only to noxious movements exceeding the working range of the knee. One group II, 10 of 12 group III, and 5 of 10 group IV units of this type became responsive to movements in the working range during development of arthritis, in most cases within the second to third hour after induction of inflammation with a further increase later on. In a high proportion of these units resting activity was induced too. Few high-threshold units developed spontaneous discharges but no responses to movements in the working range. The time course for development of resting activity was similar to that for lowering of the mechanical threshold. 4. The experimental arthritis induced afferent activity in 1 of 2 group III and 10 of 14 group IV units that in the normal joint were unresponsive to local mechanical stimulation and to innocuous/noxious movements (but responsive to a bolus of a KCl-solution applied intraarterially close to the joint).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

The Combined Use of Curcumin and Platelet-Rich Plasma Enhances Axonal Regeneration in Acute Nerve Injuries: An Experimental Study in a Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Zavala ◽  
Peggy C. Martinez ◽  
Geovanna G. Gutierrez ◽  
Marino D. Vara ◽  
Wieslawa De Pawlikowski
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Nerve Injuries ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to determine if the combined use of curcumin and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) improves the axonal regeneration process in acutely repaired nerve injuries. Materials and Methods The right sciatic nerves of 32 Holtzman albino rats were transected and immediately repaired. Four treatments were randomly allocated: (1) nerve repair only; (2) nerve repair + local PRP; (3) nerve repair + intraperitoneal curcumin; and (4) nerve repair + local PRP + intraperitoneal curcumin. Clinical (estimation of sciatic functional index) and electrophysiological outcomes were assessed 4 and 12 weeks after surgery, and histologic evaluations performed 12 weeks after surgery. Results Group IV (PRP + curcumin) resulted in significantly better outcomes across all the evaluation parameters, compared with the other three groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, when used as single adjuvants, both the curcumin (group III) and PRP (group II) groups showed significant improvement over the control group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between PRP and curcumin when used as sole adjuvants. Conclusion The combined administration of curcumin + PRP as adjuvants to nerve repair could enhance axonal regeneration in terms of clinical, electrophysiological, and histological parameters in a rat model of acute sciatic nerve injury.

Effect of defibrinogenation on lung water accumulation after pulmonary microembolism in dogs

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Johnson ◽  
A. B. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Extravascular Lung Water ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Right

We determined the effects of chronic fibrinogen depletion on the development of pulmonary edema after pulmonary microembolization. Dogs were defibrinogenated with a purified fraction of Malayan pitviper venom (ancrod). Studies were made in four groups: control untreated (group I); emboli untreated (group II); control defibrinogenated (group III); and emboli defibrinogenated (group IV). Fibrinogen decreased (P < 0.05) from 570.6 +/- 100.9 to 5.3 +/- 3.1 mg/100 ml in the ancrod-treated groups. Pulmonary arterial pressure was increased to similar levels in both embolized groups after infusion of 100-mug-diam nonsiliconized glass beads into the right atrium. Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary perfusion pressure were initially increased to similar levels in both embolized groups, but by 75 min postembolization (PE) both parameters were higher (P < 0.05) in the defibrinogenated group. The extravascular lung water-to-bloodless dry lung ratio at 75 min PE of 4.53 +/- 0.24 in group II was greater than the control value of 2.84 +/- 0.22 in group I (P < 0.05). In contrast, the extravascular lung water-to-bloodless dry lung ratio of 3.64 +/- 0.09 in group IV was not different from the control value of 3.38 +/- 0.04 in group III, but was less than 4.53 +/- 0.24 in group II (P < 0.05). Therefore, chronic defibrinogenation in dogs prevented the development of pulmonary edema after pulmonary microembolization. The protective effect may be due to inhibition of the increase in lung vascular permeability and to a time-dependent reduction in pulmonary microvascular pressure.

scholarly journals Bone Formation in Grafts with Bio-Oss and Autogenous Bone at Different Proportions in Rabbit Calvaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon Jung Kim ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Takeshi Saiki ◽  
Karoline Silva ◽  
Carlos Kiyoshi Moreira Massuda ◽  
Ana Paula de Souza Faloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Background. The aim of this study was to assess the volumetric stability and bone formation in grafts with Bio-Oss and autogenous bone at different proportions in rabbit calvaria. Material and Methods. Ten rabbits received four titanium cylinders in their calvaria and randomly divided into the following groups: Group I: Bio-Oss (100%), Group II: Bio-Oss (75%) + autogenous bone (25%), Group III: Bio-Oss (50%) + autogenous bone (50%), and Group IV: autogenous bone (100%). After twelve weeks, the animals were euthanized, and samples were collected for clinical and histological analysis. Results. Clinical analysis showed that Groups I (90.43 ± 8.99) and II (90.87 ± 7.43) had greater dimensional stability compared to Group IV (P=0.0005). Histologically, Groups I, II, and III showed areas of bone formation with particles of biomaterial remaining in close contact with the newly formed bone. However, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding the newly formed bone area. Conclusion. It was concluded that the use of Bio-Oss either alone or associated with the autogenous bone at a proportion of 25% showed superior dimensional stability compared to the use of autogenous bone in the proposed experimental model.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma in bone repair of irradiated tibiae of Wistar rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emne Hammoud Gumieiro ◽  
Márcio Abrahão ◽  
Ricardo Schmitutz Jahn ◽  
Helena Segretto ◽  
Maria Tereza de Seixas Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cellular Regeneration ◽  
Histological Processing ◽  
The Right

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of PRP addition on bone repair of circular defects created in irradiated tibiae of rats by histometric analysis. METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats had the right tibiae irradiated with 30 Gy. After 30 days monocortical defects were created and platelet-rich plasma was applied in 30 rats. In the control group defects were created but not filled. The animals were desanguinated after 4, 7, 14, 21, 56 and 84 days and the tibiae removed for histological processing. RESULTS: There was a tendency in the PRP group to increased bone neoformation from 14-days to 84-days; in the control group increased bone neoformation was not seen after 21 days or later. CONCLUSION: The addition of platelet-rich plasma had a beneficial effect in the initial cellular regeneration period and enhanced bone formation in later periods when compared to control.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF X-RAY AND DENSITOMETRIC INVESTIGATION IN PATIENTS WITH DESTRUCTIVE FORMS OF APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN EARLY FOLLOW UP PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Lysokon ◽  
M.O. Iskiv ◽  
M.A. Luchinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Osteoplastic Material ◽  
Half Axis

This article presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various treatment approaches, including bone mixture “mp3, Osteobiol, and platelet-enriched plasma, in the therapy of destructive forms of apical periodontitis in the early follow-up. The aim of this work is to investigate the dynamic changes in radiological and densitometric parameters depending on the treatment methods for patients with destructive forms of apical periodontitis in the early follow up period. The study involved 185 patients with destructive forms of apical periodontitis, who were examined and receive the treatment. The subjects were divided into 4 groups. Measurements of the size of the lesion in the bone tissue (for lesions of round shape) were performed by the formula: S = πr2. The area of lesions of elliptical shape was measured by the formula S = π ab, where π = 3.14; r = the radius of the circle; a = the value of the major half-axis of the ellipse; b = the length of the small half-axis of the ellipse. After 3 months of the follow up, the patients of group IV, who received the composition of platelet-rich plasma and osteoplastic material mp3 OsteoBiol, demonstrated an increase in the number of the lesions of the periapical zone sized 1.6-10 mm2 in 1.7 times, while the number of the subjects with foci of bone destruction sized 11–20 mm2 and 21–30 mm2 lowered in 2.8 times and 2.0 times, respectively. In 3 months of the follow up period, the patients of group IV showed the values of Rtg scoring of bone tissues destruction in the apical area with a lesion area of 1.6-20 mm that averaged 2.13±0.10 scores and indicated a reduction of the periapical process by 1/3. The average Rtg score in the patients of group IV (0.92 ± 0.10 points) was significantly higher than in the individuals in groups I and II, p, p 1 <0.01, and was equal to the findings obtained in the individuals of the group III, p2 > 0.05. The relative indicator of bone tissue repair in this follow up was characterized by the minimum values in the individuals of groups I and II: 0.49 ± 0.05 and 0.57 ± 0.06, p <0.05, respectively. In the groups III and IV, the value of the relative indicators of bone tissue repair were significantly higher and scored 4.82 ± 0.54, p, p1 <0.01, and 6.94 ± 0.77, p, p1 <0.01, p2 < 0.05, respectively. At the same time, the average Rtg scoring in patients of group IV was significantly higher than in the participants of groups I and II, and was identical to the values in the subjects of group III. This study has demonstrated the successful outcomes of the treatment of dystrophic forms of apical periodontitis in the early follow up period when applying the composition based on platelet-rich plasma and osteoplastic material "mp3 OsteoBiol".

Enhanced Increases in Cytosolic Ca2+ in ADP-Stimulated Platelets from Patients with Delta-Storage Pool Deficiency – A Possible Indicator of Interactions between Granule-Bound ADP and the Membrane ADP Receptor

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Lages ◽  
Harvey J Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Dense Granule ◽  
Receptor Desensitization ◽  
Fura 2 ◽  
Storage Pool ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Right

SummaryThe possible involvement of secreted platelet substances in agonist- induced [Ca2+]i increases was investigated by comparing these increases in aspirin-treated, fura-2-loaded normal platelets and platelets from patients with storage pool deficiencies (SPD). In the presence and absence of extracellular calcium, the [Ca2+]i response induced by 10 µM ADP, but not those induced by 0.1 unit/ml thrombin, 3.3 µM U46619, or 20 µM serotonin, was significantly greater in SPD platelets than in normal platelets, and was increased to the greatest extent in SPD patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), in whom the dense granule deficiencies are the most severe. Pre-incubation of SPD-HPS and normal platelets with 0.005-5 µM ADP produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the [Ca2+]i response induced by 10 µ M ADP, but did not alter the [Ca2+]i increases induced by thrombin or U46619. Within a limited range of ADP concentrations, the dose-inhibition curve of the [Ca2+]i response to 10 µM ADP was significantly shifted to the right in SPD-HPS platelets, indicating that pre-incubation with greater amounts of ADP were required to achieve the same extent of inhibition as in normal platelets. These results are consistent with a hypothesis that the smaller ADP-induced [Ca2+]i increases seen in normal platelets may result from prior interactions of dense granule ADP, released via leakage or low levels of activation, with membrane ADP receptors, causing receptor desensitization. Addition of apyrase to platelet-rich plasma prior to fura-2 loading increased the ADP-induced [Ca2+]i response in both normal and SPD-HPS platelets, suggesting that some release of ADP derived from both dense granule and non-granular sources occurs during in vitro fura-2 loading and platelet washing procedures. However, this [Ca2+]i response was also greater in SPD-HPS platelets when blood was collected with minimal manipulation directly into anticoagulant containing apyrase, raising the possibility that release of dense granule ADP resulting in receptor desensitization may also occur in vivo. Thus, in addition to enhancing platelet activation, dense granule ADP could also act to limit the ADP-mediated reactivity of platelets exposed in vivo to low levels of stimulation.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Review of Knee Osteoarthritis Pharmacological Treatment and the Latest Professional Societies’ Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Dragan Primorac ◽  
Vilim Molnar ◽  
Vid Matišić ◽  
Damir Hudetz ◽  
Željko Jeleč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Professional Societies ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Right

Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal progressive disease, with the knee as the most commonly affected joint in the human body. While several new medications are still under research, many symptomatic therapy options, such as analgesics (opioid and non-opioid), nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, symptomatic slow-acting drugs in osteoarthritis, and preparations for topical administration, are being used, with a diverse clinical response and inconsistent conclusions across various professional societies guidelines. The concept of pharmacogenomic-guided therapy, which lies on principles of the right medication for the right patient in the right dose at the right time, can significantly increase the patient’s response to symptom relief therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Corticosteroid intra-articular injections and hyaluronic acid injections provoke numerous discussions and disagreements among different guidelines, even though they are currently used in daily clinical practice. Biological options, such as platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell injections, have shown good results in the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms, greatly increasing the patient’s quality of life, especially when combined with other therapeutic options. Non-inclusion of the latter therapies in the guidelines, and their inconsistent stance on numerous therapy options, requires larger and well-designed studies to examine the true effects of these therapies and update the existing guidelines.

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