Microstructural Brain Development After Perinatal Cerebral White Matter Injury Assessed by Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract BACKGROUND: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) might improve cognitive function. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the cerebral white matter derived from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) correlate with cognitive function in patients with various central nervous system diseases. OBJECTIVE: To use tract-based spatial statistics to determine whether postoperative changes of FA values in the cerebral white matter derived from DTI are associated with cognitive improvement after uncomplicated CEA. METHODS: In 80 patients undergoing CEA for ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (≥70%), FA values in the cerebral white matter were derived from DTI before and 1 month after surgery and were analyzed by using tract-based spatial statistics. Neuropsychological testing, consisting of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised, the Wechsler Memory Scale and the Rey-Osterreith Complex Figure test, was also performed preoperatively and after the first postoperative month. RESULTS: Based on the neuropsychological assessments, 11 (14%) patients were defined as having postoperatively improved cognition. The difference between the 2 mean FA values (postoperative values minus preoperative values) in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to surgery was significantly associated with postoperative cognitive improvement (95% confidence intervals, 2.632-9.877; P = .008). White matter FA values in patients with postoperative cognitive improvement were significantly increased after surgery in the whole ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere, in the contralateral anterior cerebral artery territory, and in the watershed zone between the contralateral anterior and middle cerebral arteries. CONCLUSION: Postoperative increase in cerebral white matter FA on DTI is associated with cognitive improvement after uncomplicated CEA.

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Longitudinal Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Radiation-Induced White Matter Damage in a Rat Model

Cancer Research ◽

10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2661 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 1190-1198 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Silun Wang ◽

Ed X. Wu ◽

Deqiang Qiu ◽

Lucullus H.T. Leung ◽

Ho-Fai Lau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Longitudinal Diffusion ◽

White Matter Damage ◽

Radiation Induced

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Structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging study

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.182.5.439 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 182 (5) ◽

pp. 439-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 229

Author(s):

J. Burns ◽

D. Job ◽

M. E. Bastin ◽

H. Whalley ◽

T. Macgillivray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Uncinate Fasciculus ◽

Arcuate Fasciculus ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter Tracts

BackgroundThere is growing evidence that schizophrenia is a disorder of cortical connectivity Specifically, frontotemporal and frontoparietal connections are thought to be functionally impaired. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT–MRI) is a technique that has the potential to demonstrate structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia.AimsTo investigate the structural integrity of frontotemporal and frontoparietal white matter tracts in schizophrenia.MethodThirty patients with DSM–IV schizophrenia and thirty matched control subjects underwent DT–MRI and structural MRI. Fractional anisotropy – an index of the integrity of white matter tracts – was determined in the uncinate fasciculus, the anterior cingulum and the arcuate fasciculus and analysed using voxel-based morphometry.ResultsThere was reduced fractional anisotropy in the left uncinate fasciculus and left arcuate fasciculus in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls.ConclusionsThe findings of reduced white matter tract integrity in the left uncinate fasciculus and left arcuate fasciculus suggest that there is frontotemporal and frontoparietal structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia.

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Neuropsychological implications of white matter microstructural lesions determined by diffusion tensor imaging in magnetic resonance imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy

Neurology India ◽

10.4103/0028-3886.193764 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 1243

Author(s):

ManasK Panigrahi ◽

V Sudhindra ◽

Sita Jayalakshmi

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Resonance Imaging

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Adverse effects of erenumab on cerebral proliferative angiopathy: A case report

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102420950484 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 033310242095048

Author(s):

Laura L Lehman ◽

Rebecca Bruccoleri ◽

Amy Danehy ◽

Julie Swanson ◽

Christine Mrakotsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Vascular Malformations ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

White Matter Injury ◽

Brain Barrier ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Blood Brain

Background Cerebral proliferative angiopathy is a vascular malformation associated with compromised blood-brain barrier and with migraine-like headache. Treating blood-brain barrier-compromised patients with erenumab, an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor monoclonal antibody, may be risky. Case We describe a case of a 22-year-old chronic migraine patient with cerebral proliferative angiopathy who presented to our hospital in status epilepticus 2 d after his first dose of erenumab. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrated progressive areas of diffusion restriction including the brain tissue adjacent to the cerebral proliferative angiopathy, bilateral white matter and hippocampi. His 6-month post-presentation magnetic resonance imaging was notable for white matter injury, encephalomalacia surrounding cerebral proliferative angiopathy and bilateral hippocampal sclerosis. He remains clinically affected with residual symptoms, including refractory epilepsy and cognitive deficits. Conclusion The evidence presented in this case supports further investigation into potential deleterious side effects of erenumab in patients with compromised blood-brain barrier, such as individuals with intracranial vascular malformations.

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Novel strain analysis informs about injury susceptibility of the corpus callosum to repeated impacts

Brain Communications ◽

10.1093/braincomms/fcz021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Allen A Champagne ◽

Emile Peponoulas ◽

Itamar Terem ◽

Andrew Ross ◽

Maryam Tayebi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

White Matter Tract ◽

Exposure Group ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

High Exposure

Abstract Increasing evidence for the cumulative effects of head trauma on structural integrity of the brain has emphasized the need to understand the relationship between tissue mechanic properties and injury susceptibility. Here, diffusion tensor imaging, helmet accelerometers and amplified magnetic resonance imaging were combined to gather insight about the region-specific vulnerability of the corpus callosum to microstructural changes in white-matter integrity upon exposure to sub-concussive impacts. A total of 33 male Canadian football players (meanage = 20.3 ± 1.4 years) were assessed at three time points during a football season (baseline pre-season, mid-season and post-season). The athletes were split into a LOW (N = 16) and HIGH (N = 17) exposure group based on the frequency of sub-concussive impacts sustained on a per-session basis, measured using the helmet-mounted accelerometers. Longitudinal decreases in fractional anisotropy were observed in anterior and posterior regions of the corpus callosum (average cluster size = 40.0 ± 4.4 voxels; P < 0.05, corrected) for athletes from the HIGH exposure group. These results suggest that the white-matter tract may be vulnerable to repetitive sub-concussive collisions sustained over the course of a football season. Using these findings as a basis for further investigation, a novel exploratory analysis of strain derived from sub-voxel motion of brain tissues in response to cardiac impulses was developed using amplified magnetic resonance imaging. This approach revealed specific differences in strain (and thus possibly stiffness) along the white-matter tract (P < 0.0001) suggesting a possible signature relationship between changes in white-matter integrity and tissue mechanical properties. In light of these findings, additional information about the viscoelastic behaviour of white-matter tissues may be imperative in elucidating the mechanisms responsible for region-specific differences in injury susceptibility observed, for instance, through changes in microstructural integrity following exposure to sub-concussive head impacts.

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