PHENOBARBITAL IN THE PERINATAL PERIOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
John T. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia

Reports have appeared recently which propose the administration of phenobarbital during the perinatal period in order to reduce neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. One investigator also has suggested that phenobarbital was responsible for a decline in the death rate among small newborn infants. Since phenobarbital is known to alter the cellular metabolism of many compounds in addition to bilirubin, a brief review of present knowledge and comments on the possibility of unintentional effects of this drug in the perinatal period are warranted. It must be understood that much of the information on the effects of phenobarbital in animals may eventually have little or no clinical relevance; but, knowledge of the experimental evidence concerning the multisystem action of phenobarbital should help to identify areas of study and surveillance in the human subject.

Breast-Feeding and Hyperbilirubinemia in Full-Term Newborn Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-618
Author(s):  
CARLO CORCHIA ◽  
MARIA RUIU ◽  
MARCELLO ORZALESI
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
School Of Medicine

To the Editor.— Osborn et al1 have reported a positive association between breast-feeding and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants. To give further support to the findings of Osborn et al, we wish to report the results of two similar studies that have been completed in two different hospitals. The first study was carried out in the nursery of the Second School of Medicine of Naples.2 Rooming-in was practiced from 9 am to 12 pm, and during the day, breastfed babies were only offered a supplement of 5% dextrose in water when appropriate.

ADMINISTRATION OF GLUCURONIC ACID TO ICTERIC NEWBORN INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Gloria Jeliu ◽  
Rudi Schmid ◽  
Sydney Gellis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
High Concentrations

Fourteen icteric newborn infants were treated with varying amounts of glucuronic acid or sodium glucuronate, administered by oral or intravenous routes. No significant change in concentration of bilirubin in the serum was observed. Experimental evidence and biochemical considerations do not suggest that the administration of glucuronic acid enhances the formation of bilirubin glucuronide. It is the authors' opinion that at present the use of glucuronic acid should not be considered as an alternative for exchange transfusion in the treatment of newborn infants with high concentrations of bilirubin in the serum.

scholarly journals Correlation between Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and Serum Magnesium and Copper Levels in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anwar Hossain ◽  
Md. Ekramul Islam ◽  
Ashik Mosaddik ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Md. Nazmul Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Acid Reaction

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a condition when a newborn has an excessive amount of bilirubin in the blood and is one of the most prevalent problems in   neonates. Many studies reported that copper and magnesium play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the correlation between the level of magnesium and copper with hyperbilirubinemia. Methodology: Serum bilirubin was assayed with colorimetric method by the use of diazotized sulfanilic acid reaction. A photometric automated method was used to determine the levels of magnesium and copper in the serum of neonates in both controls group (162) and cases group (220). Results: In the present study a significantly higher levels of Mg was found in hyperbilirubinemia of newborn infants when compared with control groups (23.67 ±2.33 mg/L versus 19.74 ±2.18 mg/L respectively and p value <0.001 which was significant) and correlation between hyperbilirubinemia and magnesium also significant (p value <0.001). Copper levels was significantly higher in hyperbilirubinemia of newborn infants (0.74 ±0.08 mg/L) compared with control groups (0.41 ±0.12 mg/L), where p value was <0.001, which was significant and correlation between hyperbilirubinemia and copper also significant (p value <0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that current study showed the concentrations of magnesium and copper levels were found to be significantly greater than control groups and may have a correlation with neonatal jaundice.

scholarly journals Bodyweight loss in predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 72 hours after birth in term newborn infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chieh Yang ◽  
Lu-Lu Zhao ◽  
Yu-Cheng Li ◽  
Chi-Hua Chen ◽  
Yu-Jun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Bodyweight Loss ◽  
Term Newborn

ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Horace L. Hodes
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acute Viral Infection ◽  
Limited Usefulness

Chemoprophylaxis is very effective and should be used freely after known exposure to dangerous bacteria which are very sensitive to an antibiotic. Into this category falls prophylaxis against beta-streptococcal, meningococcal and gonococcal infections. The value of preventing beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections in children who have suffered an attack of rheumatic fever is established beyond a doubt. Antibiotics generally should not be used during an acute viral infection for protection against possible secondary bacterial invasion. In general, antibiotic prophylaxis should not be used to attempt to reduce the incidence of bacterial infections in children who are suffering from a chronic disease of nonbacterial origin, such as diabetes or nephrosis. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery should be limited to certain specific indications. It should not be used in "clean" elective surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis may be of value for small premature infants during the first week of life, but much more data on this point are required. For full-term newborn infants chemoprophylaxis has only limited usefulness, except for ophthalmia neonatorum. In the light of present knowledge, antibiotic prophylaxis should be used to help control outbreaks of staphylococcal and E. coli diseases in the nursery.

Malnutrition and Growth Retardation in Newborn Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-444
Author(s):  
HERBERT C. MILLER ◽  
JAMES F. JEKEL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

Pediatricians in the United States recognize growth and development as a distinguishing feature of their specialty. They have demonstrated their concern for growth retardation and malnutrition in all age groups, but they have been misguided in diagnosing these two conditions in newborn infants. It is said that the Denver birth weight chart, sanctioned by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, is the standard most widely used in this country for diagnosing intrauterine growth retardation in newborn infants. The contributions to our understanding of intrauterine growth retardation by Lubchenco and her colleagues are well recognized, but there is need for expansion of present knowledge.

The Combined Effect of Phototherapy and Phenobarbital on Serum Bilirubin Levels of Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112
Author(s):  
Michael G. Blackburn ◽  
Marcello M. Orzalesi ◽  
Penelope Pigram
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Monochorionic Twins ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The effectiveness of phototherapy in the prevention and treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is well established. There is also sufficient evidence to indicate that phenobarbital is effective in decreasing serum bilirubin levels in newborn infants. Since light is thought to break down bilirubin in the skin by photo-oxidation, and phenobarbital is known to induce bilirubin conjugating activity in the liver, the possibility of an additive effect in combined therapy was investigated in the present study. Materials and Methods Six sets of premature identical (monochorionic) twins (33 to 35 weeks' gestation) were studied after obtaining parental permission. Each set of twins was admitted to the study at 12 hours of life if both infants were considered normal with the exception of prematurity.

Pulmonary Catamnesis in Children on Artificial Lung Ventilation in the Neonatal Period

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Yuliya Borisovna Klyukhina ◽  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Zhelenina ◽  
Dmitriy Olegovich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Morbidity

Bronchopulmonary pathology is the most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among newborn infants. Emergency aid and inten-sive care to newborn infants decrease death rate among children; at the same time, they cause an increase in pulmonary morbidity. The article deals with data concerning generation of bronchopulmonary diseases in children who underwent resuscitation in neonatal period, tracks pulmonary catamnesis, and analyzes hereditary load. The article confirms the adverse effect of artificial lung ventilation on lungs of both mature and premature babies. Neonatal pneumonia, together with iatrogenic factors of emergency care, is a dominating factor in formation of chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases in catamnesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document