Considerations in Evaluating Changes in Outcome for Infants Weighing Less Than 1,501 Grams

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
Hilda Knobloch ◽  
Anthony Malone ◽  
Patricia H. Ellison ◽  
Frances Stevens ◽  
Michael Zdeb
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
New York State ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
Examination Techniques ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
High Level

Neonatal mortality for 285 infants and developmental outcome for 158 infants with birth weights of 751 to 1,500 gm, born in the Capital Regional Perinatal Center between July 1975 and December 1979, were compared with the findings in 1952, in 1965 to 1967, and in 1968 to 1970. In the 1,001- to 1,500-gm group, mortality decreased and there was an 18% incidence of major neuropsychiatric disability compared to the 48% found in 1952 when the same examination techniques and diagnostic criteria were used. More 751- to 1,000-gm infants survive now also, but 40% have a major handicap. There is a high incidence of preconceptional, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal abnormalities in this group of very lowbirth-weight infants, but the incidence is significantly higher in those with major disabilities. The infants who die and those who have subsequent major neuropsychiatric abnormalities require the sophisticated techniques of neonatal intensive care, whereas these procedures are not needed or are used only briefly for the infants who are normal. In upper New York State, the demographic shifts in race, age, parity, education, and induced abortions account for 13% of the drop in neonatal mortality in the 1,001- to 1,500-gm group. These demographic as well as social and medical care changes must be taken into account in any evaluation of the decreasing mortality and morbidity that has occurred. Improvements in prenatal, obstetric, and neonatal care appear to be doing for the 751- to 1,000-gm group now what the then high-level care in 1952 did for the 1,001- to 1,500-gm group, when mortality decreased but only half of those who survived were normal.

Geographic Variation in Dominance of Spinosad Resistance in Colorado Potato Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coby Klein ◽  
Mitchell Baker ◽  
Andrei Alyokhin ◽  
David Mota-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Long Island ◽  
New York State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
High Level

Abstract Eastern New York State is frequently the site of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Say) populations with the highest observed levels of insecticide resistance to a range of active ingredients. The dominance of a resistant phenotype will affect its rate of increase and the potential for management. On organic farms on Long Island, L. decemlineata evolved high levels of resistance to spinosad in a short period of time and that resistance has spread across the eastern part of the Island. Resistance has also emerged in other parts of the country as well. To clarify the level of dominance or recessiveness of spinosad resistance in different parts of the United States and how resistance differs in separate beetle populations, we sampled in 2010 beetle populations from Maine, Michigan, and Long Island. In addition, a highly resistant Long Island population was assessed in 2012. All populations were hybridized with a laboratory-susceptible strain to determine dominance. None of the populations sampled in 2010 were significantly different from additive resistance, but the Long Island population sampled in 2012 was not significantly different from fully recessive. Recessive inheritance of high-level resistance may help manage its increase.

Female Offenders, HIV Peer Programs, and Attachment: The Importance of Prison-Based Civilian Staff in Creating Opportunities to Cultivate Prosocial Behaviors

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 524-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Collica-Cox
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
New York ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
New York State ◽  
Female Offenders ◽  
York State ◽  
Fundamental Component ◽  
High Level

As women commit to a conventional lifestyle, the bond of attachment becomes a fundamental component in sustaining the desistance process. If weak attachments in the community cannot be replaced or enhanced with the cultivation of strong conventional attachments while incarcerated, female offenders will leave prison without a supportive network. Strong social networks and a high level of social capital are essential for female offenders to reintegrate successfully; if social bonds are constructed before release, there is a greater chance of maintaining a crime-free lifestyle. One way to cultivate strong bonds of attachment during incarceration is through prison-based programming. This qualitative study, based on the narratives of 49 female offenders, examines the potential for inmates to form prosocial attachments with staff in two HIV prison-based peer programs in New York State. Strong attachments were formed between the inmates and civilian staff during incarceration, maintained upon release, and served to reinforce the establishment of bourgeoning conventional identities. The dedication and commitment of the civilian staff, and the support they provided to the inmates, was essential to achieving both rehabilitative and reintegrative goals.

scholarly journals Beliefs Regarding the Impact of Accent Within Speech-Language Pathology Practice Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika S. Levy ◽  
Catherine J. Crowley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
New York State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
The Impact

With the demographic shifts in the United States, it is increasingly the case that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) come from different language backgrounds from those of their clients and have nonnative accents in their languages of service. An anonymous web-based survey was completed by students and clinic directors in SLP training programs in New York State regarding their beliefs about the appropriate scope of practice of SLPs with accents in English and other languages. Responses were received from 28 directors and 530 students. Perceived appropriateness of service by accented clinicians depended on particular disorders serviced and degree of accent, with phonologically based services believed by the greatest number of respondents to require more native-like speech than other areas. Further efforts must be made to research effects of SLPs’ accents on service delivery and plan strategies, if needed, for successful service provision in SLPs’ diverse areas of practice when mismatches in language backgrounds occur.

scholarly journals Neonatal outcome in neonatal intensive care unit Sanglah Hospital: Assessed by SNAPPE- II score

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 038-044
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Agung Wijayanti ◽  
Putu Junara Putra ◽  
I Made Kardana ◽  
I Wayan Dharma Artana ◽  
Made Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Neonatal mortality is topic of concern for many medical faculties. Recently Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal Extension-II (SNAPPE-II) is used to predict the mortality and morbidity of neonates in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study aimed to find the association of mortality and morbidity among neonates using SNAPPE-II score in NICU of Sanglah Hospital with cross-sectional design. All newborns admitted in NICU within 48 hours of birth since January - December 2020 were recruited as sample and assessed by using SNAPPE-II. Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test. Eighty-three newborns fulfilled inclusion criteria. In the mortality group, 75.6% had SNAPPE score ≥ 37 and 24% had SNAPPE score <37. SNAPPE-II score ≥ 37 showed an association with mortality group in NICU (p-value 0.000). Moreover, subgroup analyst of neonatal outcome in survived group related to SNAPPE-II score showed significant different in length of stay (P=0.033), ventilator usage (P=0.017) and duration of antibiotic usage (P=0.049). The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension II (SNAPPE-II) is a useful tool to assess severity of illness and mortality. SNAPPE-II score > 37 is associated with neonatal mortality. The high SNAPPE-II score in the survived group also affects length of stay in NICU, ventilator and antibiotic usage. These findings imply that SNAPPE-II can be applied routinely in NICU to know the most critical newborn for prioritizing the management of care and for counselling the parents.

A survey of organic produce purchases and related attitudes of food cooperative shoppers

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Goldman ◽  
Katherine L. Clancy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
New York State ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
High Level ◽  
Organically Grown ◽  
Organic Produce ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe surveyed shoppers at a food cooperative in New York state to measure the relationship between organic produce purchases and attitudes related to pesticide use in agriculture, food costs, and other factors affecting produce buying. Two-fifths of the co-op shoppers surveyed usually or almost always purchased organically grown produce, and one-third were somewhat or very likely to pay 100 percent more than conventional produce for residue-free produce. Those who usually or almost always purchased organic produce were less concerned than other shoppers about price when they shop for produce, had higher levels of concern about food safety, and were less concerned about insects and surface blemishes on produce. There was no relationship between income and frequency of organic purchases. Most shoppers were concerned about pesticide residues in produce, but a high level of concern appeared necessary to affect the frequency of organic purchases. In their support of organic agriculture, respondents ranked environmental protection higher than consumer protection. Educators should emphasize both the environmental and food safety benefits of organic farming to consumers.

Students Questioning Students (SQS): a Technique to Invite Students' Involvement

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Engel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
New York State ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
National Council ◽  
American Federation ◽  
American Federation Of Teachers ◽  
Specific Feedback ◽  
Education Association ◽  
High Level

A most successful teaching strategy has been developed in my gifted/talented classes. Students question their peers about classwork, homework problems or aspects of the lesson, instead of doing the explaining themselves. Using the Students Questioning Students method (SOS), students stimulate their class-mates to think. Since students are involved in questioning, they become more attentive listeners to other students and to me during the lesson. Often the more capable students ask questions which reflect a high level of thinking skills. The students are taught strategies for asking questions and strategies for providing positive and specific feedback to their peers. With SQS, students have a piece of the action in learning. Their personalities emerge and the process is great fun! The students report that they wished SQS were used in all their classes at The Bronx High School of Science. SQS was a segment of the American Federation of Teachers program, “Teaching Children to Think,” in the series, “Inside Your Schools,” hosted by Steve Alien and shown on national TV in February, 1986. The entire series of programs for 1985–1986 was shown in the New York City area on educational TV in May, 1986. The presentation, which would be suitable for teachers of grades 7 through 12, has been given to the following professional organizations: Alliance for Invitational Education Association of Mathematics Teachers of New York State National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Summer Mathematics and Science Institute, Lehman College Sixth World Conference on Gifted and Talented Children The Ontario Association for Mathematics Education.

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