Positive Pressure Hand Ventilation: Potential Errors in Estimating Inflation Pressures

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
TERRY L. BIZZLE ◽  
ROBERT V. KOTAS
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
Pressure Manometer ◽  
Peak Pressures ◽  
Airway Suctioning

Despite increasing electronic sophistication in the design of mechanical ventilators, there has been persistent dependence on hand bagging in acute neonatal respiratory failure. Hand ventilation continues to be clinically useful in preparation for the application of the mechanical ventilator and to support airway suctioning.1 High inflation peak pressures can lead to the development of pulmonary air leaks; therefore, the use of a pressure manometer with neonatal hand bag ventilation equipment is widely recommended.2,3 Although no manufacturer currently markets a pressure manometer designed exclusively for use with neonatal hand ventilation equipment, many neonatal intensive care centers currently use diaphragm-type manometers for this purpose.

Comparative study between noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with respiratory failure

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed N Al Shafi'i ◽  
Doaa M. Kamal El-din ◽  
Mohammed A. Abdulnaiem Ismaiel ◽  
Hesham M Abotiba
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) has been increasingly used in the management of respiratory failure in intensive care unit (ICU). Aim of the Work is to compare the efficacy and resource consumption of NIPPMV delivered through face mask against invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) delivered by endotracheal tube in the management of patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). Patients and Methods This prospective randomized controlled study included 78 adults with acute respiratory failure who were admitted to the intensive care unit. The enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive either noninvasive ventilation or conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). Results Severity of illness, measured by the simplified acute physiologic score 3 (SAPS 3), were comparable between the two patient groups with no significant difference between them. Both study groups showed a comparable steady improvement in PaO2:FiO2 values, indicating that NIPPV is as effective as CMV in improving the oxygenation of patients with ARF. The PaCO2 and pH values gradually improved in both groups during the 48 hours of ventilation. 12 hours after ventilation, NIPPMV group showed significantly more improvement in PaCO2 and pH than the CMV group. The respiratory acidosis was corrected in the NIPPV group after 24 hours of ventilation compared with 36 hours in the CMV group. NIPPV in this study was associated with a lower frequency of complications than CMV, including ventilator acquired pneumonia (VAP), sepsis, renal failure, pulmonary embolism, and pancreatitis. However, only VAP showed a statistically significant difference. Patients who underwent NIPPV in this study had lower mortality, and lower ventilation time and length of ICU stay, compared with patients on CMV. Intubation was required for less than a third of patients who initially underwent NIV. Conclusion Based on our study findings, NIPPV appears to be a potentially effective and safe therapeutic modality for managing patients with ARF.

scholarly journals Pediatrics Residents' Preparedness for Neonatal Resuscitation Assessed Using High-Fidelity Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Cordero ◽  
Brandon J. Hart ◽  
Rene Hardin ◽  
John D. Mahan ◽  
Peter J. Giannone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Procedural Skill ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Skill Performance

Abstract Background Pediatrics residents are expected to demonstrate preparedness for neonatal resuscitation, yet research has shown gaps in residents' readiness to perform this skill. Objective To evaluate procedural skills and team performance of pediatrics residents during neonatal resuscitation (NR) using a high-fidelity mannequin, and to assess residents' confidence in their NR skills before and after training. Methods Two teams of residents (all had completed NR program training) participated in 2 separate, 90-minute sessions (2 to 3 weeks apart) in an off-site delivery room during their neonatal intensive care rotation. Residents' confidence in assisting and leading NR was surveyed before each session. Teams participated in a scenario (adapted from the NR program), which required 5 skills (positive pressure ventilation, chest compressions, endotracheal intubation, umbilical vein catheterization, and epinephrine administration). Video recording was used for debriefing and scoring. Skills were scored for technique and timeliness, and team behaviors were scored for communication, management, and leadership. Results Twenty-six residents (11 teams) completed 2 paired sessions. Self-confidence scores increased between the 2 sessions but were not correlated with performance. Gaps in procedural skill performance were observed, and timeliness for most skills did not meet expectations. Significant improvement in team communication was noted. Conclusions Important gaps in procedural skill performance, particularly timeliness, were detected by NR simulation training; residents' improvements in self-confidence did not reflect gains in actual performance. Their relative unpreparedness for NR (despite prior certification) highlights the need for deliberate practice and specific team training before and during neonatal intensive care delivery room rotations.

One-Week versus 2-Day Ventilator Circuit Change in Neonates with Prolonged Ventilation: Cost-Effectiveness and Impact on Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ming Chu ◽  
Mei-Chin Yang ◽  
Hsiu-Feng Hsiao ◽  
Jen-Fu Hsu ◽  
Reyin Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Ventilator Circuit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Prolonged Intubation ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of 1-week ventilator circuit change on ventilator-associated pneumonia and its cost-effectiveness compared with a 2-day change.DesignAn observational cohort study.SettingA tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit in a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Taiwan.PatientsAll neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit receiving invasive intubation for more than 1 week from July 1, 2011, through December 31, 2013.InterventionWe investigated the impact of 2 ventilator circuit change regimens, either every 2 days or 7 days, on ventilator-associated pneumonia of our cohort.Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 361 patients were maintained on mechanical ventilators for 13,981 days. The 2 groups did not differ significantly in any demographic characteristics. The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was comparable between the 2-day group and the 7-day group (8.2 vs 9.5 per 1,000 ventilator-days, P=.439). The durations of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay, and rates of bloodstream infection and mortality, were also comparable between the 2 groups. Switching from a 2-day to a 7-day change policy would save our neonatal intensive care unit a yearly sum of US $29,350 and 525 working hours.ConclusionDecreasing the frequency of ventilator circuit changes from every 2 days to once per week is safe and cost-effective in neonates requiring prolonged intubation for more than 1 week.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;00(0): 1–7

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ventilator dalam Proses End of Life dan Tinjauannya Menurut Pandangan Islam

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulya Mauliddina ◽  
Ferryal Basbeth ◽  
Muhammad Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Probability Sampling

Background: A mechanical ventilator is a device used to help with respiratory function. Its use is indicated for patients with hypoxemia, severe hypercapnia and respiratory failure. Mechanical ventilator is one of the important and widely used aspects for critical patient care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: This research was conducted with non-probability sampling techniques. Non-probability sampling techniques was determined by purposive method, which is to determine the criteria first, then the samples are taken according to predetermined criteria. Results: As much as 98 medical records taken from the Juwita Bekasi Hospital ICU from  2013-2017  showed  that 3 patients showed effective results for ventilator installation and 95 patients showed ineffective results. Conclusion: Based on medical record in Juwita Bekasi Hospital from 2013 to 2017, The mechanical ventilation installation was not effective and only has 1% effectivity.

scholarly journals Cateter central de inserção periférica: práticas de enfermeiros na atenção intensiva neonatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Higor Pacheco Pereira ◽  
Débora Maria Vargas Makuch ◽  
Junia Selma Freitas ◽  
Izabela Linha Secco ◽  
Mitzy Tannia Reichembach Danski
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter ◽  
Central Catheter ◽  
Venous Catheterization ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros quanto à inserção e manutenção do cateter central de inserção periférica em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: Estudo exploratório descritivo quantitativo realizado em um hospital pediátrico de referência em maio e junho de 2019. Análise dos dados por meio do programa SPSS (21.0). Resultados: Setenta e oito por cento dos enfermeiros receberam capacitação na instituição, 100,0% realizam lavagem do acesso com solução salina, pressão positiva e técnica pulsátil e todos consideram como pontos críticos o eritema, algia, secreção no local de inserção e obstrução do dispositivo. Conclusão: O papel do enfermeiro é fundamental na diligência com o cateter central de inserção periférica, atuando como educador da equipe de enfermagem para promover a qualificação e adesão aos protocolos institucionais continuamente.Descritores: Recém-nascido; Cateterismo venoso central; Unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal; Enfermagem neonatal.Peripherally inserted central catheter: nursing practices in neonatal intensive careObjective: To identify nursing knowledge regarding the insertion and maintenance of the peripherally inserted central catheter in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: Exploratory descriptive quantitative study carried out in a pediatric reference hospital in May and June 2019. Data analysis using the SPSS program (21.0). Results: Seventy-eight percent of nurses received training at the institution, 100.0% performed access flushing with saline, positive pressure and pulsating technique and all considered as critical points erythema, pain, secretion at the insertion site and obstruction of the device. Conclusion: The role of the nurse is fundamental in the diligence with the peripherally inserted central catheter, acting as an educator of the nursing team to promote qualification and adherence to institutional protocols continuously.Descriptors: Newborn; Central venous catheterization; Neonatal intensive care units; Neonatal nursing.Catéter central insertado periféricamente: prácticas de enfermería en cuidados intensivos neonatalesObjetivo: identificar el conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre la inserción y el mantenimiento del catéter central insertado periféricamente en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Metodo: estudio cuantitativo descriptivo exploratorio realizado en un hospital pediátrico de referencia en mayo y junio de 2019. Análisis de datos con el programa SPSS (21.0). Resultados: el setenta y ocho por ciento de las enfermeras recibieron capacitación en la institución, el 100.0% realizó enrojecimiento de acceso con solución salina, presión positiva y técnica pulsante y todos se consideraron puntos críticos como eritema, dolor, secreción en el sitio de inserción y obstrucción del dispositivo Conclusión: El papel de la enfermera es fundamental en la diligencia con el catéter central insertado periféricamente, actuando como un educador del equipo de enfermería para promover la calificación y el cumplimiento de los protocolos institucionales continuamente.Descriptores: Recién nacido; Cateterismo venoso central; Unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales; Enfermería neonatal.

Respiratory Support of Neonate Affected by Bronchiolitis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (S 02) ◽  
pp. S10-S13
Author(s):  
Ilia Bresesti ◽  
Gianluca Lista
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
High Frequency Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Mechanics

Acute respiratory infections are very common medical emergency in early infancy, often requiring hospitalization. The most frequent respiratory infection at this stage of life is bronchiolitis, with a benign course in the majority of cases. However, especially during neonatal period, infants are at higher risk for developing complications, and ventilatory support of various degrees is needed. The two most widespread methods to provide noninvasive respiratory support are heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula and nasal continuous positive airway pressure. They are both used in neonatal intensive care unit to treat respiratory distress syndrome of the premature infants, and the main concept of recruiting and distending alveoli is valid also for respiratory failure occurring during bronchiolitis. However, there is still ongoing debate about the superiority of one method, and their real efficacy still need to be confirmed. Once respiratory failure does not respond to noninvasive ventilation, more intensive care must be provided in the form of conventional mechanical ventilation or high-frequency ventilation. There is currently no evidence of the optimal ventilation strategy to use, and a deeper comprehension of the pulmonary mechanics during bronchiolitis would be desirable to tailor ventilation according to the degree of severity. Further research is then urgently needed to better clarify these aspects. Key Points

Non-invasive ventilation in intensive care unit: yesterday, today, tomorrow (literature review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
A. V. Vlasenko ◽  
A. G. Koryakin ◽  
E. A. Evdokimov ◽  
I. S. Klyuev
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
The One

The development of medical technologies and the emergence of new methods of respiratory support with extensive capabilities to control positive pressure on the inhale and exhale made it possible to implement non-invasive ventilation. The integration of microprocessors in modern respiratory interfaces, on the one hand, and a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of respiratory failure, on the other hand, made it possible to improve and implement various methods of non-invasive respiratory support in everyday clinical practice. The experience gained in recent decades with the use of non-invasive ventilation made it possible to widely use this method of respiratory support in a wide variety of clinical situations. However, the selection of patients for mask ventilation, the choice of method and algorithm for its application, prognosis of effectiveness, prevention of negative effects, as before, remain relevant. This dictates the need to continue studying the clinical efficacy of non-invasive ventilation in patients with respiratory failure of various origins. The review presents the possibilities and limitations of the use of non-invasive respiratory support in patients with respiratory failure in the intensive care unit.

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