Carbohydrate Malabsorption Following Fruit Juice Ingestion in Young Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Hyams ◽  
Nancy L. Etienne ◽  
Alan M. Leichtner ◽  
Richard C. Theuer
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Breath Hydrogen ◽  
Carbohydrate Malabsorption ◽  
Pear Juice

We performed breath hydrogen analyses in 13 healthy children (9 to 36 months of age) and seven children (14 to 27 months of age) with chronic nonspecific diarrhea after they had ingested pear, grape, and apple juices and a 2% sorbitol solution. Excess breath H2 excretion was found in virtually all study subjects following the ingestion of either pear juice (with approximately 2% sorbitol content) or the 2% sorbitol solution, in approximately 50% of those ingesting apple juice (0.5% sorbitol), and in 25% of those ingesting grape juice (no sorbitol) (P < .001, analysis of variance). No differences were noted between the healthy children and those with chronic nonspecific diarrhea. Forty percent of all study subjects in whom excess breath hydrogen excretion occurred also had diarrhea and abdominal cramping. Carbohydrate malabsorption appears to be frequent following the ingestion of common fruit juices and in some children may be associated with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms.

Carbohydrate Absorption From Fruit Juice in Young Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Melanie M. Smith ◽  
Michael Davis ◽  
Fred I. Chasalow ◽  
Fima Lifshitz
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Carbohydrate Absorption ◽  
Carbohydrate Malabsorption ◽  
Healthy Infants

Objective. To compare carbohydrate absorption following ingestion of apple juice and white grape juice in 28 healthy children. Design. Randomized, double-blind crossover study. Setting. Outpatient pediatric clinic at Maimonides Medical Center. Participants. A total of 18 healthy infants (mean age 6.3 months) and 10 toddlers (mean age 18.0 months), representing those ages when juice is first introduced (6 months) and when juice comprises a large portion of the diet (18 months). Methods. Breath hydrogen (H2) testing was performed after age-specific servings of white grape juice or apple juice, 4 and 8 ounces respectively, were consumed. These portions provided approximately 1 g of fructose per kg of body weight. Breath H2 responses of >20 ppm were considered positive, indicating incomplete absorption of fruit juice carbohydrates. Results. In the combined age groups, carbohydrate malabsorption occurred more frequently after apple juice consumption (54%) than after white grape juice (19%; P < .001). Significant differences in area under the breath H2 curve (AUC) were also found between the two juices in both age groups. Among toddlers, the differences between the mean peak breath H2 responses were significant (48 ppm after apple juice consumption compared with 12 ppm after white grape juice; P < .001). These differences were not significant in the infant group. Significant differences (P < .05) were seen between the two age groups after consumption of apple juice; the toddlers exhibited a greater number of positive breath H2 responses and higher peak responses compared with the infants. Data from the children who drank both juices showed significant differences in peak breath H2 responses after consumption of apple juice compared with white grape juice (P < .005). Conclusions. The study demonstrated less carbohydrate malabsorption following ingestion of white grape juice compared with apple juice in healthy 6- and 18- month-old children.

scholarly journals Fecal S100A12 in Healthy Infants and Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Day ◽  
M. Ehn ◽  
R. B. Gearry ◽  
D. A. Lemberg ◽  
S. T. Leach
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
In Infants And Children

Background and Aims. Fecal S100A12 is shown to be a useful noninvasive marker of gut inflammation. However, the studies to date have not characterised the patterns of expression in healthy young children. This study aimed to determine S100A12 levels in infants and children without symptoms of underlying gut disease.Methods. Stool samples were collected from healthy infants (<12 months) and children without gastrointestinal symptoms. Faecal S100A12 was measured by immunoassay.Results. Fifty-six children were recruited. Serial samples were obtained from seven term infants over the first 6 months of life. Single samples were obtained from 49 healthy children ranging from 0.16 to 13.8 years of age. Median S100A12 levels were 0.5 mg/kg (ranging from 0.39 to 25) in the healthy children, with high values (>10 mg/kg) in five infants only. There was no variation between gender. Median S100A12 levels in healthy infants remained below the established normal cut-off from birth to six months of age.Conclusion. S100A12 levels in well infants and children are almost exclusively lower than the standard cut-off. Transiently higher levels may be seen in early infancy. An elevated level of S100A12 in children older than 12 months of age is likely to represent organic gut disease.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-377
Author(s):  
Fima Lifshitz ◽  
Melanie Smith
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Letters To The Editor

We thank Dr Lifschitz for recognizing that the combination of carbohydrates in fruit juice affects intestinal absorption as published in the March issue of Pediatrics. White grape juice, which contains equal amounts of fructose versus glucose and no sorbitol, was better absorbed than apple juice, which contains excess fructose and sorbitol. Furthermore, we agree that the generalization made by Dr Klish in his commentary regarding our article, namely that there is a difference among juices, was not supported by our data.

Excess Fruit Juice Consumption by Preschool-aged Children Is Associated With Short Stature and Obesity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Dennison ◽  
Helen L. Rockwell ◽  
Sharon L. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Child Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. In a referral population of young children, excessive fruit juice consumption has been reported to be a contributing factor in nonorganic failure to thrive. Objective. To evaluate, in a population-based sample of healthy children, fruit juice consumption and its effects on growth parameters during early childhood. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. General primary care health center in upstate New York. Participants. One hundred sixteen 2-year-old children and one hundred seven 5-year-old children, who were scheduled for a nonacute visit, and their primary care taker/parent were recruited over a 2-year period. Measurements. For 168 children (ninety-four 2-year-old children and seventy-four 5-year-old children), mean dietary intake was calculated from 7 days of written dietary records, entered, and analyzed using the Minnesota Nutrition Data System. Height was measured using a Harpenden Stadiometer. Weight was measured using a standard balance beam scale. Results. The 2-year-old and 5-year-old children consumed, on average, 5.9 and 5.0 fl oz/day of fruit juice and 9.8 and 11.0 fl oz/day of milk, respectively. Nineteen children (11%) consumed ≥12 fl oz/day of juice. Forty-two percent of children consuming ≥12 fl oz/day of juice had short stature (height less than 20th sex-specific percentile for age) vs 14% of children drinking less than 12 fl oz/day of juice. Obesity was more common among children drinking ≥12 fl oz/day of juice compared with those drinking less juice: 53% vs 32% had a body mass index ≥75th age- and sex-specific percentile; 32% vs 9% had a body mass index ≥90th age- and sex-specific percentile; and 32% vs 5% had a ponderal index ≥90th age-specific percentile. After adjustment for maternal height, child age, child sex, and child age-sex interaction, children consuming ≥12 fl oz/day of juice, compared with those drinking less than 12 fl oz/day of juice, were shorter (86.5 vs 89.3 cm and 106.5 vs 111.2 cm for the 2-year-old and 5-year-old children, respectively) and more overweight (body mass index = 17.2 vs 16.3 kg/m2 and ponderal index = 18.4 vs 16.8 kg/m3). Conclusions. Consumption of ≥12 fl oz/day of fruit juice by young children was associated with short stature and with obesity. Parents and care takers should limit young children's consumption of fruit juice to less than 12 fl oz/day.

Evaluation of sucromalt digestion in healthy children using breath hydrogen as a biomarker of carbohydrate malabsorption

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Casterton ◽  
Kristin A. Verbeke ◽  
Fred Brouns ◽  
Kristen W. Dammann
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Children ◽  
Breath Hydrogen ◽  
Carbohydrate Malabsorption

scholarly journals Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Serene Yaling Tan ◽  
Panam Parikh ◽  
Vanitha Buthmanaban ◽  
Shaman Rajindrajith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Rome Iv ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Background The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children, particularly from Asia, is largely unknown. There are not many studies done in Asia especially using the Rome IV criteria. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of FGIDs in infants and young children in a representative sample in China. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, community-based survey was conducted among healthy infants and young children between the ages of 0–4 years in Jinhua and Shanghai, China. A total of 2604 subjects (1300 subjects from Jinhua and 1304 subjects from Shanghai) completed a validated questionnaire on pediatric gastrointestinal symptoms. FGIDs in infants and young children were diagnosed using the Rome IV criteria. Results According to the Rome IV criteria, the prevalence of having a FGID in Chinese infants and young children is 27.3%. Infant regurgitation (33.9%) was the most common FGID among the 0–6 months old while functional constipation (7.0%) was the most common among the 1–4 years old. Risk factor analysis revealed that prevalence of infantile colic was higher with better maternal education and low birth weight. Prevalence of infantile regurgitation was significantly greater in males, living in a rural area, being exclusively breast fed at least up to 4 months and starting formula feeds within the first month. The risk of functional constipation was lower for infants who were delivered vaginally. Conclusions Infantile regurgitation was the most common FGID in Chinese infants while functional constipation was most prevalent among young Chinese children. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NL6973/NTR7161.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Lama Waktu Osmosis Terhadap Kandungan Vitamin C dalam Minuman Sari buah Stroberi dan Apel

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Vika Ayu Devianti ◽  
Anisa Rizki Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Oxygen Solubility ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Sugar Addition ◽  
Strawberry Juice

ABSTRAKVitamin C berperan penting dalam mempertahankan daya tahan tubuh. Vitamin C mudah teroksidasi dan tidakstabil dalam bentuk larutan. Vitamin C banyak ditemukan dalam buah – buahan, diantaranya adalah apel danstroberi. Apel dan stroberi ini sering diolah dalam bentuk minuman sari buah melalui proses ekstraksi osmosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu osmosis (30 dan 60 menit) dan penambahan gula 10% terhadap kandungan vitamin C dalam minuman sari buah apel dan stroberi. Penambahan gula 10% mampu memperkecil penurunan kadar vitamin C dalam minuman sari buah. Penurunan kadar vitamin C pada sampel sari buah stroberi tanpa penambahan gula adalah 18,7% pada menit ke-30 dan 37,5% pada menit ke-60, sedangkan penambahan gula 10% mengalami penurunan sebesar 2,7% pada menit ke-30 dan 7,9% pada menit ke-60. Penurunan kadar vitamin C pada sampel sari buah apel tanpa penambahan gula adalah 24,2% pada menitke-30 dan 41,6% pada menit ke-60, sedangkan penambahan gula 10% mengalami penurunan sebesar 10,6% pada menit ke-30 dan 21,4% pada menit ke-60.Kata kunci: Vitamin C, sukrosa, minuman sari buah, apel, strawberry, osmosis ABSTRACTVitamin C plays an important in human body. Vitamin C is easily degraded by heat, light, oxygen, and heavy metal cations. Vitamin C mostly found in fruits, such as strawberry and apple. Generally strawberry and apple are processed into fruit juice by adding sugar using osmosis extraction. The objective of this research is to findout the effect of osmosis time and sugar addition towards the vitamin C level in strawberry and apple juice. The result showed that sugar addition can affect the vitamin C level in strawberry and apple juice. Sugars can decrease the oxygen solubility causing less oxygen availability for oxidation of vitamin C. The diminish of vitamin C content in apple juice with sugar addition were 10,6% and 21,4% for 30 and 60 minutes of osmosis time; while strawberry juice with sugar addition able to lowering vitamin C level until 18,7% and 37,5% for 30 and 60 minutes of osmosis time.Keywords: Vitamin C, sucrose, apple juice, strawberry juice, osmosis,

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