Effects on Behavior State of Prone Versus Seated Positioning for Infants With Gastroesophageal Reflux

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-767
Author(s):  
Susan R. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Parallel Reduction ◽  
Age Range

To evaluate the effect of positioning on behavior in infants with gastroesophageal reflux, 48 infants younger than 6 months of age (range 1.5 to 28 weeks, median 13.5) with reflux were positioned continuously prone (24 infants) or seated (24 infants) during a 120-minute postprandial period, during which behavior was monitored continuously. The prone position was associated with more sleep time, 83.5 (16 to 113) vs 43 (0 to 117) minutes, P = .01. This increase in sleep time in the prone position could be largely accounted for by a tendency toward a decrease in crying time, 19 (0 to 82) vs 38.5 (0 to 91) minutes, P = .07, which is expressed further by the significantly smaller number of prone than seated infants who cried longer than 30 minutes, P = .02. A parallel reduction in noncrying awake time in the prone vs the seated position was not significant: 15 (0-51) vs 31 (3 to 84) minutes, P = .13.

Effectiveness of Positioning Therapy for Gastroesophageal Reflux

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 768-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Meyers ◽  
John J. Herbst
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Percent Time ◽  
Esophageal Ph

The therapeutic effects of positioning and state of alertness were evaluated in 79 patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and 49 nonreflux patients by extended esophageal pH monitoring during the two-hour postprandial period. The amount of GER in nonreflux patients was not significantly affected by changes in position or state of alertness whereas patients with GER demonstrated consistent decreases in the percent time and frequency of reflux episodes while asleep compared with being awake. In patients with GER, less reflux occurred while upright than supine during awake but not during asleep periods. The 30-degree elevated prone position was superior to the supine or upright positions while patients were awake or asleep. A beneficial effect of the 30-degree elevated supine position was not noted. Patients with respiratory disease, with severe esophagitis, or who required surgical correction of GER all responded to positioning or alertness changes in the same manner.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Gangguan Tidur pada Remaja Usia 16-18 Tahun

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alya Almira Millania Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Lack Of Sleep ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Function Of Sleep ◽  
Age Range

Sleep is one of human needs. Although the physiological function of sleep is still unknown, a person who experiences sleep deprivation often experiences a decrease in brain, physical and emotional performance which is considered more irritable. Someone who experiences lack of sleep tends to sleep more the next day. So that it can be concluded that the sleep function is as a balance restorer at the center of the neuron. In this study researchers took the subject of adolescents aged 16-18 years because the activities carried out by adolescents with that age range were considered to be quite dense and could affect their sleep time. The method used is by interviewing several teenagers about their sleep patterns. So that from this study we can know what factors influence the sleep time of adolescents ranging in age from 16-18 years

scholarly journals Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Prevalence and ItsRisk Factors in Rural Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Dilip Kumar Ghosh ◽  
M Nath ◽  
Chanchal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Akhlak Ahmed ◽  
Sayeda Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Age Range

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a global disease, and evidence suggests that its prevalence is increasing. Prevalence estimates show considerable geographic variation.According to WHO, prevalence of GERD in far EastAsia currently consistently lower than 10%,which is 8-20% in India. No such population based dataare available in Bangladesh. Thus, the studywas designed to determine the prevalence of GERD and its risk factors inrural community of Bangladesh.This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried outfrom January to June 2015 by using validated questionnaire through door to door interview among randomly selected 2000 participants in a rural communityof Bangladesh. A cutoff point 3 was chosen as a valid and reliable scale to confirm GERD. Among the study participants, 1212 were male and 788 were female.Their average age range was 18 to 60 years. A total of 136 participants were found to have GERD symptoms and among them 43 were men and 93 were women. Thus, the prevalence of GERD in the study was 6.8%. GERD was highly associated with higher age group, women, Muslims, and participants withdiabetes mellitus, asthma and overweight.Prevalence of GERD in rural community of Bangladesh is lower than that of the western world.For a better understanding on GERD, it is important that a study should be carried in a representative samples across Bangladesh.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2018; 44(1):45-51

Frequency of gastroesophageal reflux events induced by pharyngeal water stimulation in young and elderly subjects

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. G233-G237 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Xie ◽  
J. Ren ◽  
E. Bardan ◽  
R. K. Mittal ◽  
Z. Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Lower Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Young And Elderly Subjects

Earlier studies have shown that isolated complete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation occurs as a result of pharyngeal water stimulation. Association of these relaxations with gastroesophageal reflux has not been studied systematically. Our aim was to determine this association in young and elderly subjects during precibal and postprandial periods. We studied 8 young subjects and 10 elderly subjects for 1 h before and 2 h after a 1,000-cal meal. In both groups, during the precibal period, negligible LES relaxation induced by pharyngeal water stimulation resulted in gastroesophageal reflux. In the postprandial period, gastroesophageal reflux events occurred after 16% of pharyngeal water injections in young subjects and after 44% in elderly subjects (P < 0.05). Intraabdominal length of the LES in elderly subjects was significantly shorter compared with younger subjects (P < 0.05). We conclude that gastroesophageal reflux events induced by pharyngeal water stimulation in the postprandial period are significantly increased compared with those of the precibal period and are significantly more prevalent in the elderly compared with the young. These differences seem to be associated with a significantly shorter intra-abdominal segment of the LES in the elderly.

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) IN ADULT KASHMIRI POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Koul ◽  
Shagufta Parveen ◽  
Padma Lahdol ◽  
Prof Samia Rasheed ◽  
Nisar A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: The study was conducted with the objective of studying the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to study various factors associated with it in adult Kashmiri population.Methods: It was a community based prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted by the Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology, GMC Srinagar over a period of 24 mo upon native Kashmiris from urban as well as rural areas as a study group. A total of 2600 subjects above the age of 18 y were studied and the overall prevalence of disease was calculated and also the associated (risk) factors were looked for.Results: The overall prevalence of 20.3% was seen in the study population with female gender being more prone to the development of disease (p<0.001). Other factors of greater significance included body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, intake of spicy foods, posture after meals, dinner to sleep time, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake and some underlying ailments like asthma and history of abdominal surgery.Conclusion: The overall prevalence of GERD in Kashmiri community is 20.3% with females being more prone with a definite role of factors like BMI, smoking, physical activity, posture after meals, dinner to sleep time interval, intake of spicy foods, drugs and also the co-morbidities.

scholarly journals 0060 Morning Locus Coeruleus Activation During the PVT Predicts Later-Day Sleepiness

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A24-A24
Author(s):  
H Lei ◽  
P Quan ◽  
W Liu ◽  
X Zhang ◽  
Y Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance Test ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Sleep Homeostasis ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Introduction The locus coeruleus (LC) plays a key role in the regulation of arousal and autonomic function. Homeostatic sleep pressure refers to the drive for sleep that increases as a saturating exponential when we stay awake and decreases exponentially when we sleep. The current study used arterial spin labeling (ASL) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the relationship between homeostatic sleep pressure (sleepiness) and LC activity during the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Methods We analyzed sleepiness and ASL imaging data from N=70 health adults (40 males, age range 21–50 years) who participated in a controlled in-laboratory sleep study. All participants were scanned at rest and during the PVT on the morning between 0700h-1000h after 9 hour time-in-bed (TIB) baseline sleep. LC regions-of-interest (ROI) were defined by standard templates from Keren et al. (2009). Sleepiness was assessed by the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) every two hours from 10:30 am to 10:30 pm. Results Sleepiness scores gradually increased over wakefulness time and reached its peak in the evening at about 10:20pm. PVT-induced CBF changes did not correlate with sleepiness scores on the morning (p &gt; 0.05), but showed significant negative correlations with sleepiness scores on later day when sleep pressure became higher, especially during the night-time (r = -0.41, p &lt; 0.001). Specifically, LC CBF showed significant increases during the PVT scan as compared to the resting scan (p = 0.04) in individuals with less nigh-time sleepiness (KSS &lt; 4), but no differences (p &gt; 0.1) in individuals with greater nigh-time sleepiness (KSS ≥ 5). After controlling for age, gender, and total sleep time, PVT-induced regional CBF difference in the LC still negatively predicted sleepiness (β = -0.325, p = 0.005). Conclusion Our findings showed that individuals with greater LC CBF increases during the PVT were less sleepy during the night, supporting the key role of LC activity in promoting wakefulness and maintaining sleep homeostasis. PVT-induced LC activation may provide a non-invasive bio-marker of homeostatic sleep pressure in healthy adults. Support Supported in part by NIH grants R01-HL102119, R01-MH107571, R21-AG051981. CTRC UL1RR024134, and P30-NS045839.

966 NAPS are More Commonly Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux as Compared With Sleep Time

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakshith Gadam ◽  
Lokesh K. Jha ◽  
Laya Nasrollah ◽  
Ronnie Fass
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Sleep Time

Ultrastructural Study of Human Testicular Biopsies in Infertility

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Shirley Siew ◽  
Philip Troen ◽  
Howard R. Nankin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Testicular biopsies were obtained from six young male subjects (age range 24-33) who complained of infertility and who had clinical evidence of oligospermia. This was confirmed on histological examination which showed a broad spectrum from profound hypospermatogenesis to relatively normal appearing germinal epithelium. Thickening of the tubular walls was noted in half of the cases and slight peritubular fibrosis in one. The Leydig cells were reported as normal or unremarkable.Transmission electron microscopy showed that the thickening of the supporting tissue of the germinal epithelium was caused more by an increase in the thickness of the layers of the lamina propria than of the tubular wall itself. The changes in the basement membrane of the tubular wall consisted mostly of a greater degree of infolding into the tubule and some reduplication which gave rise to a multilayered appearance.

Meeting the Best Practice for Hearing Aid Verification in Children: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Fitting Hearing Aids

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.

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