Melanomas in Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 365-369
Author(s):  
Seth J. Orlow
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Pathologic Examination ◽  
Solar Exposure ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Suspicious Lesions

Although rare, melanomas do occur in children and adolescents. Pediatricians should be aware of the clinical features of melanoma and the risk factors for developing this malignancy. Children at high risk for melanoma should have at least annual cutaneous examinations in search of suspicious lesions. If a lesion is suspected of being a melanoma, it should be removed surgically and submitted for pathologic examination. Education of parents and children about the deleterious effects of ultraviolet light affords a means of counteracting the increasing incidence of melanoma at the grassroots level. The use of sunscreens, hats, and other protective clothing and the judicious timing of daily solar exposure should serve to prevent sunburning, limit tanning, and decrease the incidence of melanoma and other more common cutaneous malignancies, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Use of small pelvic field instead of whole pelvic field in postoperative radiotherapy for node-negative, high-risk stages I and II cervical squamous cell carcinoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ohara ◽  
H. Tsunoda ◽  
M. Nishida ◽  
S. Sugahara ◽  
T. Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Surgical Margin ◽  
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Node Negative ◽  
Group 5

We investigated whether a small pelvic (SP) field that covers primarily the pericervical regions in postoperative radiotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma is adequate for a subgroup of node-negative patients. Of 84 patients with stage I–II disease treated with postoperative radiotherapy due to pathologic risk factors, 42 node-negative patients received SP-field radiotherapy, whereas remaining 42 node-positive patients were treated with a conventional whole pelvic (WP) field that also covered pelvic lymph nodes, both with 50.0–50.4 Gy/25–28 fractions. The pathologic risk factors included positive nodes, deep stromal invasion (≥2 /3 thickness), parametrial extension, and positive or close surgical margin. Recurrence was identified for 20 patients: three in the SP group and 17 in the WP group. Intrapelvic recurrence accounted for all three recurrences in the SP group and for four in the WP group; 5-year pelvic-control rate did not differ significantly between the SP (93%) and WP (90%) groups. Extrapelvic recurrence (n = 11) was identified exclusively in the WP group. Patterns of recurrence indicate that use of an SP field instead of a WP field may be adequate in postoperative radiotherapy for a subgroup of node-negative, high-risk patients.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment Options

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Farma ◽  
Elena P Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Margins ◽  
Margin Assessment

Ultraviolent (UV) solar radiation is considered to be the dominant risk factor for development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The development of SCC appears to be linked to the cumulative dose of UV radiation over time. Identifying patients with high-risk factors for developing SCC includes chronic immunosuppression, exposure to ionizing radiation, and certain genetic syndromes. Primary treatment goals of cutaneous SCC include cure of tumor with maximal preservation of function. Treatment options should be stratified for low- and high-risk SCC. Primary treatment options for low-risk SCC include (1) curettage and electrodesiccation, (2) excision with postoperative margin assessment (POMA) with 4 to 6 mm margins, and (3) radiation therapy (RT) for nonsurgical candidates. Options for high-risk SCC lesions include (1) Mohs surgery or resection with complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment, (2) excision with POMA with wider surgical margins and primary or delayed repair, and (3) RT for nonsurgical candidates.     This review contains 4 figures, 5 tables, and 32 references. Key words: cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Mohs micrographic surgery, pathologic risk factors, radiation therapy, surgical margins 

scholarly journals Tumor Characteristics Predicting Perineural Invasion in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identified by Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon T Beal ◽  
Maulik M Dhandha ◽  
Melinda B Chu ◽  
Vamsi Varra ◽  
Eric S Armbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Perineural Invasion ◽  
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Risk Factors

Background: Perineural invasion (PNInv) is a significant risk factor for metastasis and death in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).  Despite this known association, factors contributing to the presence of PNInv are not well characterized.Aims: To determine risk factors associated with the presence of PNInv using the high-risk cSCC criteria developed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN).Methods: After receiving Institutional Review Board approval for this retrospective review, the presence of NCCN high-risk factors for cSCC were recorded for patients treated at a tertiary referral academic medical center, from January 1, 2010 to March 31, 2012. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the presence of PNInv.Results: PNInv was present in 34 of 507 cSCCs (6.7%). Moderately or poorly differentiated histology (P < .001, OR 6.6 [95% CI, 3.2-13.7]), acantholytic, adenosquamous, or desmoplastic subtype (P =.01, OR 1.8 [95% CI, 0.8-4.2]), and tumors in areas M (≥10mm) and H ( ≥6mm) (P = .05, OR 5.0 [95% CI, 1.2-21.0]) were significantly associated with the presence of PNInv.Conclusions:  This data suggests clinicians should have a higher suspicion and may be able to identify PNInv in high-risk cSCC based on the presence of specific high-risk factors.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment Options

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Farma ◽  
Elena P Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Margins ◽  
Margin Assessment

Ultraviolent (UV) solar radiation is considered to be the dominant risk factor for development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The development of SCC appears to be linked to the cumulative dose of UV radiation over time. Identifying patients with high-risk factors for developing SCC includes chronic immunosuppression, exposure to ionizing radiation, and certain genetic syndromes. Primary treatment goals of cutaneous SCC include cure of tumor with maximal preservation of function. Treatment options should be stratified for low- and high-risk SCC. Primary treatment options for low-risk SCC include (1) curettage and electrodesiccation, (2) excision with postoperative margin assessment (POMA) with 4 to 6 mm margins, and (3) radiation therapy (RT) for nonsurgical candidates. Options for high-risk SCC lesions include (1) Mohs surgery or resection with complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment, (2) excision with POMA with wider surgical margins and primary or delayed repair, and (3) RT for nonsurgical candidates.     This review contains 4 figures, 5 tables, and 32 references. Key words: cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Mohs micrographic surgery, pathologic risk factors, radiation therapy, surgical margins 

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