Carbohydrate Antigen 125: A Biomarker at the Crossroads of Congestion and Inflammation in Heart Failure

Because heart failure (HF) is more lethal than some of the common malignancies in the general population, such as prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women, there is a need for a cost-effective prognostic biomarker in HF beyond natriuretic peptides, especially concerning congestion, the most common reason for the hospitalisation of patients with worsening of HF. Furthermore, despite diuretics being the mainstay of treatment for volume overload in HF patients, no randomised trials have shown the mortality benefits of diuretics in HF patients, and appropriate diuretic titration strategies in this population are unclear. Recently, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, a well-established marker of ovarian cancer, emerged as both a prognostic indicator and a guide in tailoring decongestion therapy for patients with HF. Hence, in this review the authors present the molecular background regarding the role of CA125 in HF and address valuable clinical aspects regarding the relationship of CA125 with both prognosis and therapeutic management in HF.

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Carbohydrate antigen-125, calcium, and hemoglobin as predictive clinical indicator for ocular metastasis in male liver cancer patients

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20194405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qian-Hui Xu ◽

Pei-Wen Zhu ◽

Biao Li ◽

Wen-Qing Shi ◽

Qi Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Cancer ◽

Primary Liver Cancer ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Serum Biomarkers ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen 125 ◽

Male Patients ◽

Ocular Metastasis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a common type of cancer among men worldwide. Little is known regarding the relationship of liver cancer with ocular metastasis (OM). Drinking has been also reported to be related not only to the occurrence of liver cancer but also to the causes of some ocular lesions. Purpose A diagnostic standard for the levels of serum biomarkers associated with OM derived from liver cancer in men is urgently needed. Material and methods We examined the association between OM in liver cancer and its serum biomarkers. A total of 1254 male patients with liver cancer were recruited in this retrospective study between July 2002 and December 2012. We assessed the relationship between drinking preference and OM in male patients with liver cancer, and aimed to identify an independent prognostic factor or establish a quantitative indicator for OM. Results By assessing the potential indicators, carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125), calcium, and hemoglobin (Hb) were found to be most valuable in the diagnosis of OM in male patients with liver cancer. Conclusion CA-125, calcium, and Hb are independent risk factors of OM in patients with liver cancer who consume alcohol.

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The emerging role of carbohydrate antigen 125 in heart failure

Biomarkers in Medicine ◽

10.2217/bmm-2019-0470 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 249-252

Author(s):

Enrique Santas ◽

Patricia Palau ◽

Antoni Bayés-Ge ◽

Julio Núñez

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen 125

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Beyond malignancy: the role of carbohydrate antigen 125 in heart failure

Biomarker Research ◽

10.1186/2050-7771-1-25 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chung-Lieh Hung ◽

Ta-Chuan Hung ◽

Yau-Hui Lai ◽

Chi-Sheng Lu ◽

Yih-Jer Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen 125

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Benign Ovarian Cysts with Raised CA-125 Levels: Do We Need to Evaluate the Fallopian Tubes?

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1722547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (04) ◽

pp. 276-280

Author(s):

Devesh Sharma ◽

Anjali Vinocha

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Ovarian Cyst ◽

Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Ovarian Cysts ◽

Fallopian Tubes ◽

Case Record ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen 125

Abstract Objectives It is not clearly known whether some benign (simple) ovarian cysts can convert into cancerous cysts. Size of cyst and wall abnormalities do predict the potentiality of malignancy. Not many studies have been done to explore the malignant potential of large-sized (> 5 cm) unilocular ovarian cysts without wall abnormalities. This study evaluated the correlation between ultrasonographic size of benign ovarian cysts and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) levels. Methodology Sixty (60) premenopausal women were recruited for the study preoperatively, based on transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) findings present in the case record sheet received along with the CA-125 sample in the biochemistry laboratories. Those cases with elevated CA-125 levels were selected, where patients had unilocular ovarian cysts without wall abnormalities. CA-125 was done using ECLIA methodology (Cobas e411, Germany). Statistical correlation was calculated between the ovarian cyst size and CA-125 levels using Spearman’s Rho coefficient. Results Mean age group of subjects were 29.7 ± 7.3 years and mean value of CA-125 (normal < 35 IU/mL) was found to be increased: 118.0 ± 147.1 IU/mL so was the mean diameter of cysts (cut off ≤ 5 cm): 48.6 ± 59.8 cm. No correlation was found between CA-125 levels and volume of ovarian cyst (r = 0.005, p = 0.680) for all subjects. Conclusions The lack of correlation between size of ovarian cysts and CA-125 levels provides a hint that the ovarian cyst epithelium does not directly express CA-125 and it may come from sites like the fallopian tube. Thus, raised level of CA-125 in benign ovarian cyst should be followed-up more closely, demanding assessment of fallopian tubes for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Also, algorithms can be explored to include size of ovarian cyst and CA 125 levels to predict ovarian cancer.

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Pulmonary Congestion Assessment in Heart Failure: Traditional and New Tools

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11081306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1306

Author(s):

Filippo Pirrotta ◽

Benedetto Mazza ◽

Luigi Gennari ◽

Alberto Palazzuoli

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Adverse Outcome ◽

Volume Overload ◽

Pulmonary Congestion ◽

X Ray ◽

Persistent Symptoms ◽

Biochemical Evaluation ◽

Cardiac Filling ◽

Symptoms And Signs

Congestion related to cardiac pressure and/or volume overload plays a central role in the pathophysiology, presentation, and prognosis of heart failure (HF). Most HF exacerbations are related to a progressive rise in cardiac filling pressures that precipitate pulmonary congestion and symptomatic decompensation. Furthermore, persistent symptoms and signs of congestion at discharge or among outpatients are strong predictors of an adverse outcome. Pulmonary congestion is also one of the most important diagnostic and therapeutic targets in chronic heart failure. The aim of this review is to analyze the importance of clinical, instrumental, and biochemical evaluation of congestion in HF by describing old and new tools. Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is an emerging method to assess pulmonary congestion. Accordingly, we describe the additive prognostic role of chest ultrasound with respect to traditional clinical and X-ray assessment in acute and chronic HF setting.

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Biomarkers for the diagnosis and management of heart failure

Heart Failure Reviews ◽

10.1007/s10741-021-10105-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo Castiglione ◽

Alberto Aimo ◽

Giuseppe Vergaro ◽

Luigi Saccaro ◽

Claudio Passino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Adverse Outcome ◽

Volume Overload ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Circulating Biomarkers ◽

Diagnosis And Management ◽

Conflicting Evidence ◽

Galectin 3

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circulating biomarkers reflecting pathophysiological pathways involved in HF development and progression may assist clinicians in early diagnosis and management of HF patients. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are cardioprotective hormones released by cardiomyocytes in response to pressure or volume overload. The roles of B-type NP (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type NP (NT-proBNP) for diagnosis and risk stratification in HF have been extensively demonstrated, and these biomarkers are emerging tools for population screening and as guides to the start of treatment in subclinical HF. On the contrary, conflicting evidence exists on the role of NPs as a guide to HF therapy. Among the other biomarkers, high-sensitivity troponins and soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 are the most promising biomarkers for risk stratification, with independent value to NPs. Other biomarkers evaluated as predictors of adverse outcome are galectin-3, growth differentiation factor 15, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, and makers of renal dysfunction. Multi-marker scores and genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses could further refine HF management.

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