Colombian fusel oil

By-products valorization in bio-fuels industry is an important issue for making the global process more efficient, more profitable and closer to the concept of biorefinery. Fusel oil is a by-product of bioethanol production that can be considered as an inexpensive and renewable raw material for manufacturing value-added products. In this work, results in terms of composition and physicochemical properties of six samples of fusel oil from industrial alcohol facilities are presented. Composition of the main components was established by gas chromatography. Complementary techniques, such as headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), were used for detection of minor components. Fifty-five compounds were identified. Physicochemical properties such as density, acid value, moisture content and true boiling point curves were determined. Results are useful in the conceptual design of separation strategies for recovering higher alcohols, as well as to consider new options of valorization alternatives for fusel oil.

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Characterization of volatile compounds and physicochemical properties of hongeo using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during fermentation

Food Bioscience ◽

10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101379 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 101379

Author(s):

Chang-Cheng Zhao ◽

Jong-Bang Eun

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

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Reduction of aldehydes and terpenes within pine wood by microbial activity

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2015-0243 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (9) ◽

pp. 895-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Bernhard Widhalm ◽

Thomas Ters ◽

Ewald Srebotnik ◽

Cornelia Rieder-Gradinger

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Pine Wood ◽

Wood Processing ◽

Wood Particles

Abstract Aldehydes and terpenes are the most frequently emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the wood-processing industry. These emissions are classified as injurious to health and hazardous to the environment. To address this problem, the growth conditions have been identified under which bacteria extensively degrade both aldehydes and particularly terpenes in pine wood particles as a raw material for the production of particle boards. In this study, the focus was on pentanal and hexanal (aldehydes) as well as α- and β-pinene (terpenes). Bacterial strains were selected for their ability to metabolize α-pinene as single carbon source in liquid culture medium. α-Pinene degradation was then determined by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas showed the best results (98% degradation after 72 h). Comparably good results were also achieved with the thermophilic strain Bacillus pallidus (90% degradation) at 55°C. Furthermore, an adapted mixed culture of Pseudomonas species was inoculated onto wood particles and incubated at room temperature for 3 days. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) measurements of emitted volatiles and subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated a complete removal (100%) of aldehydes and, even more importantly, α- and β-pinene. Pre-treatment of unsterile pine wood particles with Pseudomonas species may have potential for industrial application.

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Volatile Organic Compounds from Orchis Species Found in Basilicata (Southern Italy)

Compounds ◽

10.3390/compounds1020008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 83-93

Author(s):

Marisabel Mecca ◽

Rocco Racioppi ◽

Vito A. Romano ◽

Licia Viggiani ◽

Richard Lorenz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Main Product ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Orchid Species ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Main Components

This study is part of a project devoted to determining the scent of all the orchid species present in Basilicata. All the analyses were performed by using the solid-phase microextraction technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The scent of eight species belonging to the Orchis genus was investigated. In the case of O. anthropophora, caryophyllene, tetradecanal and hexadecanal were the main components of the aroma; in O. purpurea, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene and elemicin were found; in O. italica, caryophyllene and 4-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one were found; in O. pauciflora, linalool and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene were found; in O. mascula, linalool was found; in O. quadripunctata, penta- and heptadecane were found; in O. provincialis, β-farnesene and farnesal were found; and in O. pallens, curcumene was the main product.

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Understanding the Shifts of Microbial Community and Metabolite Profile From Wheat to Mature Daqu

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.714726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yuandi Zhang ◽

Yi Shen ◽

Wei Cheng ◽

Xi Wang ◽

Yansong Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

High Temperature ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Metabolite Profile ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Microbial Succession ◽

Headspace Gas ◽

And Shifts

Wheat-originated microbes play an important role in shaping the quality of high-temperature Daqu which is commonly used as a starter for producing sauce-flavor Baijiu. However, the shifts of microbiota from raw material to fresh Daqu and then to mature Daqu remain unclear. Hence, in the present study, the inner and outer of fresh and mature Daqu were collected to explore the correlation between microbiota and metabolites as well as the source of the microbiota in Daqu. Results indicated that the activities of amylase and protease between the inner and outer of fresh Daqu varied significantly while both parts became similar after maturation. The predominant bacteria shifted from Saccharopolyspora (outer) and Staphylococcus (inner) to Kroppenstedtia (both outer and inner), while the predominant fungi shifted from Thermoascus (both outer and inner) to Byssochlamys (outer) and Fusarium (inner). A combining analysis of headspace solid-phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance was employed to detect the metabolites. The network analysis was conducted to perform the relationships between microbes and metabolites. The results showed that the bacteria, especially Saccharopolyspora, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter, had a strong correlation with the productions of esters, amino acids and their derivatives, and sugars and their derivatives, while most fungi such as Thermoascus, were negatively correlated with the phenylalanine, trimethylamine n-oxide, and isovalerate. SourceTracker analysis indicated that wheat was the important source of the Daqu microbiota, especially, the microorganisms in the inner of Daqu might be the drivers of the microbial succession during maturation. This study provided a comprehensive exploration to understand the microbial sources and shifts in high-temperature Daqu during maturation.

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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening persistent organic pollutant in environmental monitoring of vital activity objects

Butlerov Communications ◽

10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-62-6-89 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 89-97

Author(s):

Igor M. Fitsev ◽

◽

Oksana V. Shlyamina ◽

Aisylu Z. Mukharlyamova ◽

Saniya L. Mokhtarova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Food Product ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Vital Activity ◽

Animal Material

There are the results of the developed way of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) screening (OCP was classified by the Stockholm Convention (2001) as persistent organic pollutants (POP) by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-detecting method for its simultaneous detection in vital activity objects (food, food raw material, food product, pathological animal material tissues, natural surface of waters) in this article. Preparation of the samples using solid-phase extraction (SPE) on cartridges «Diapak С18 Plus» or using the solid-phase extraction dispersion QuEChERS («quick», «easy», «affordable», «effective», «reliable», «safe») way (which contribute to high degree of detecting compound extraction) is preceding the GC/MS-detecting stage. Among the detecting ones in conditions of GCMS screening OCP are explored compounds that are included in POP «dirty» dozen: α-, β-, γ-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its biotransformation product – pentachlorocyclohexene, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), heptachlor, aldrine (HHDN), 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1-chloroethylene (p,p'-DDMU), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4'-DDE), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (4,4'-DDD), 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (4,4'-DDT). The necessity of controlling the content of CO3 (caused by its bioaccumulation in vital activity objects) takes part in trophic paths and caused by them violation of the normal microbiota of the human, agricultural animals and plants, connected with practical methods of realization chemical and biological risks monitoring are one of priority directions of the government policy in chemical and biological safety area. The developed way of GC-MS-detecting range OCP is applied for monitoring in food, food raw material, food product, pathological animal material tissues, natural surface of waters. Quantitative detecting the OCP range on a level of GC-MS method sensitivity spend in selective ions (basic and confirmatory ions respectively) registration mode. This method characterizes by limit of detection that don't exceed maximum permissible level (MPL) content OCP in objects of environmental monitoring with a standard deviation 3-4%.

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