scholarly journals How are education and minority status connected: The case of Romanian Roma in Wrocław

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalina Marczak
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Dominant Society ◽  
Cultural Ecological ◽  
Cultural Ecological Theory

This paper aims to discuss the connection between compulsory schooling and minority status, and how they are related to differential performance of minorities in national education systems. After describing the theoretical framework based on the works of John Ogbu, I will attempt to present how his Cultural-Ecological Theory of School Performance refers to Romanian Roma community in Wrocław, Poland, which is a group systematically excluded from the dominant society. The analysis suggests that systemic forces act against Roma. This is marked by discrimination towards them in schools and in the labour market. On the side of Roma, mistrust in public institutions, fear of loosing cultural identity and seeing escaping the pariah status as unobtainable leads to lack of investment in formal education.

scholarly journals Segregated Schools, “Slow Minds” and “Must Be Done Jobs”: Experiences About Formal Education and Labour Market in a Roma Community in Romania

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Plainer
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
School Problems ◽  
Urban Group ◽  
Marginal Groups ◽  
Cultural Ecological ◽  
Cultural Ecological Theory ◽  
Community Forces

AbstractBased on a long-term ethnographic fieldwork, this study applies the cultural-ecological theory to understand reasons for making and maintaining a segregated school in a Romanian town, and those community forces which track and maintain Roma children there. As findings indicate, creating and sustaining such an institution reflects the flipsides of Romanian national policies, which due to the financing strategies and centralized curricula—involuntarily—block the chances to provide quality education to marginal groups. Tracking and staying of Roma children into such schools is a result of their parents’ ambivalent experiences with formal economic activities and formal education. Experiences with work and schooling shared by this urban group of Roma reveal that parents have clear expectations towards school: transmission of practical knowledge, good treatment and isolation of the school problems from family life, which not always can be fulfilled by the educational units.

scholarly journals One size does not fit all: Constructing complementary digital reskilling strategies using online labour market data

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395172110031
Author(s):  
Fabian Stephany
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
National Education ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Skill Requirements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Value Of Learning

Digital technologies are radically transforming our work environments and demand for skills, with certain jobs being automated away and others demanding mastery of new digital techniques. This global challenge of rapidly changing skill requirements due to task automation overwhelms workers. The digital skill gap widens further as technological and social transformation outpaces national education systems and precise skill requirements for mastering emerging technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence, remain opaque. Online labour platforms could help us to understand this grand challenge of reskilling en masse. Online labour platforms build a globally integrated market that mediates between millions of buyers and sellers of remotely deliverable cognitive work. This commentary argues that, over the last decade, online labour platforms have become the ‘laboratories’ of skill rebundling; the combination of skills from different occupational domains. Online labour platform data allows us to establish a new taxonomy on the individual complementarity of skills. For policy makers, education providers and recruiters, a continuous analysis of complementary reskilling trajectories enables automated, individual and far-sighted suggestions on the value of learning a new skill in a future of technological disruption.

scholarly journals Demanded and Feared: Transnational Convergencies in National Educational Systems and Their (Expectable) Effects

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Adick
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
World Systems ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein ◽  
The Impact

The article focuses on the impact of social developments related to ‘globalisation’ on education. In line with the world systems approach as most prominently expounded by Immanuel Wallerstein the author conceptualises globalisation not as a new development, but as the current expression of a long historical process originating in sixteenth century Europe. In order to make use of world systems theory for education, the author makes a strong argument in favour of taking Bourdieu's concepts of cultural capital and the relative autonomy of the educational system into account. On this basis, the author reviews a secondary analysis based on numerous studies of national education systems with respect to the various degrees of convergence, divergence and variation. It is argued with reference to the neo-institutionalist approach of the Stanford group that convergence and standardisation in education are not questions of affirmation or rejection as much as historical processes that by no means imply a deterministic implementation of an economic rationale.

scholarly journals EL EFECTO DEL LIBRO DE TEXTO ESCOLAR EN EL MERCADO EDITORIAL ECUATORIANO

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Guillermo Sánchez-Borrero
Keyword(s):  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Editorial Policies ◽  
National Education ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View

El libro de texto escolar es una herramienta de control curricular, su relación con el aprendizaje y enseñanza que la determina el Estado ecuatoriano. El objetivo de los textos escolares es mostrar el universo científico y cultural que se quiere enseñar a los estudiantes y refleja los: valores, estereotipos e ideologías del Ecuador. A partir de 2011 se normalizó y lo controla y distribuye el Ministerio de Educación de forma gratuita en los establecimientos educativos fiscales, fiscomisionales y municipales del Ecuador. Son elaborados y producidos por las más importantes casas editoriales, además revisados y avalados por las universidades del país. Este sistema aparece con la creación de la Ley Orgánica de Educación Intercultural que ha logrado establecer políticas editoriales en el sector educativo, así como dinamizar la economía del sector editorial en toda su cadena productiva tanto intelectual como de fabricación. Es relevante el análisis de la producción editorial por la expansión de los sistemas nacionales de educación y la implementación de los modelos de enseñanza, se presenta varios puntos de vista sobre la representación del saber oficial y el acceso igualitario a la información y conocimiento. Se identifica cómo están distribuidas las casas editoras y la contribución de las universidades del país para la evaluación de contenidos, según su área de experiencia y la asignatura que abarca el texto escolar. El artículo muestra también diferentes cifras sobre la asignación y fondos destinados al proyecto que aporta a la economía de Ecuador. Palabras clave: Textos escolares, políticas editoriales, mercado editorial, impresión, diseño editorial. AbstractThe school textbook is a curricular control tool, its relationship with learning and teaching is determined by the Ecuadorian State. The objective of the textbooks is to show the scientific and cultural universe intended to be taught to students and reflects the values, stereotypes, and ideologies of Ecuador. As of 2011, it was standardized, controlled, and distributed by the Ministry of Education free of charge in public, fiscal, “fiscomisional”, and municipal educational establishments in Ecuador. They are elaborated and produced by the most important publishing houses, also reviewed, and endorsed by the country's universities. This system appears with the creation of the Organic Law of Intercultural Education, which has managed to establish editorial policies in the educational sector, as well as boost the economy of the publishing sector throughout its productive chain, both intellectual and manufacturing. The analysis of editorial production is relevant due to the expansion of national education systems and the implementation of teaching models, various points of view are presented on the representation of official knowledge and equal access to information and knowledge. It is identified how the publishing houses are distributed and the contribution of the country's universities for the evaluation of content, according to their area of experience and the subject covered by the textbook. The article also shows different figures on the allocation and funds destined for the project that contributes to the economy of Ecuador. Keywords: School texts, editorial policies, publishing market, printing, editorial design.

scholarly journals Examining Teacher Recruitment Strategies in England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Klassen ◽  
Lisa Bardach ◽  
Jade Rushby ◽  
Tracy Lyn Durksen
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Recruitment ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Recruitment Strategies ◽  
Effective Teacher ◽  
Teacher Shortages ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
National Education ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
National Education Systems

Teachers around the world are in short supply; in England teacher shortages have been labeled a ‘catastrophe’. For national education systems, the goal of an effective teacher recruitment strategy is not simply to attract more applicants, but to attract high quality applicants who are well-suited to teaching and are likely to remain in the profession. The goal of this article is to examine teacher recruitment strategies in England and to propose ways to improve these strategies. We begin by reviewing personnel recruitment theories and research from education and related fields. Next, we analyse publicly available teacher recruitment strategies and messages from two key education organisations in England. We then compare teacher recruitment strategies with strategies and models developed in health professions (as presented by the National Health Service [NHS]). We conclude by proposing how teacher recruitment strategies in England could be more strongly grounded in relevant theoretical and empirical work.

scholarly journals Modeling Entrepreneurship Intentions: An Essay of Typology

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Branchet ◽  
Jean-Pierre Boissin ◽  
Lubica Hikkerova
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Student Behaviors ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
National Education ◽  
Student Entrepreneurship ◽  
National Education Systems

From the standpoint of a psycho-sociological intention model adapted from the Theory of Planned Behavior, we analyze factors modeling students’ entrepreneurship intentions, as expressed by 7000 students of 24 different nationalities. We highlight the existence of differences in certain beliefs between countries. We then propose three structuring factors of student entrepreneurship intentions: type of entrepreneurship vision, opinion, and perceived capacity to create a business. Next, we construct a typology of student behaviors toward entrepreneurship intentions manifesting in six characterized clusters. We find that entrepreneurship intention behaviors are relatively supranational and are only slightly influenced by national education systems.

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