scholarly journals Transformation of the linguistic culture of the Urals Mari in the XX – at the beginning of the XXI centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211
Author(s):  
Anna V. Berezina
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Education System ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Trading Activities ◽  
Fresh Impetus ◽  
Transformation Processes

Introduction. Based on the analysis of the transformation processes of the linguistic culture of the Urals Mari, the article considers how various types of transformations can give a culture a new potential for its development or have a harmful influence on its foundations. With the prognostic goal the work makes an attempt to outline the structure of the model of language transformations, which is tested on the example of the language culture of the Urals Mari. Materials and Methods. In the framework of cultural interpretation, interviewing, survey and sociological description are applied. Hermeneutical and lingvocultural methods are also used. Results and Discussion. Historically, it was recorded that the changing of the language culture of the Ural Mari was influenced by proximity to other nations, trading activities, borrowing in material culture. The formation of the Mari alphabet gave a fresh impetus to the development of ethnocultural education. Thus, ethnocultural identity was expressed in writing. The language of the ethnos, perceived visually and thus fixing the achievements of culture, contributed to the awareness of the community of the ethos. Analyzing such borrowings, the author comes to the conclusion about positive transformational processes. Negative transformation processes are associated by the author with the mass culture and the loss of ethnocultural values. Mass culture comes along with the loss of traditional types of employment, together with the termination of the study of the language of the ethnic group in the education system. Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that the developing the regions of the Urals Mari festival and tourist activities carried out in the language of the super ethnos cannot influence the leveling of the value foundations of culture. First of all, it is necessary to level out the processes that negatively affect the language and culture of the ethnic group.

scholarly journals Looking beyond appearances: a multi-analytical approach on the prehistoric clay weights

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Manea ◽  
Mircea Lechintan ◽  
Gabriel Popescu ◽  
Theodor Ignat ◽  
Vasile Opriş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Experimental Archaeology ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Size Modification ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Transformation Processes

Abstract In this paper we analyzed a batch of 64 clay weights from three archaeological sites located in Romania (Gumelniţa, Măgura-Jilava, and Sultana) that belong to Kodjadermen-Gumelniţa-Karanovo VI cultural complex (4600–3900 cal. BC). Our approach includes an interdisciplinary investigation based on technological analysis, experimental archaeology, and X-ray CT scans coupled with statistical analysis. This investigation has a high potential to reveal relevant information regarding the technological background (e.g., inclusion, voids, temper, etc.), manufacturing stages (e.g., modeling, shaping, kneading, etc.), or transformation processes (e.g., drying and firing vs. weight and size modification) in order to identify, explain and understand the chaîne operatoire for this type of artefacts. Moreover, correlation of the results with the experimental archaeology could offer an integrative interpretation about the material culture of past humans and its multiple meanings, but also critical information about the multiple dimensions of manufacture for these objects (e.g., time, effort, physical–chemical processes, etc.). The multi-analytical approach proposed here also includes a comparative study of technological aspects of these clay weights across the three archaeological sites investigated, as well as the experimental replicas.

scholarly journals MAKNA RENCONG BAGI UREUENG ACEH

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Sri Waryanti
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Interpretive Paradigm

AbstrakSalah satu upaya manusia mempertahankan diri adalah dengan menggunakan senjata. Pada setiap suku bangsa di Indonesia memiliki senjata yang khas menurut budayanya masing-masing. Rencong adalah senjata khas milik suku bangsa Aceh di Provinsi Aceh. Karya tulis ini mengungkap dan membahas makna rencong bagi suku bangsa Aceh, yang menyebut dirinya sebagai ureueng Aceh. Untuk tujuan tersebut, rencong dipandang sebagai bukan budaya materiil, tetapi sebagai simbol dari kebudayaan sehingga pendekatan yang dipergunakan paradigma interpretivisme simbolik yang dibangun atas asumsi bahwa manusia adalah hewan pencari makna. Keabsahan data diperoleh dengan teknik triangulasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Dari penelitian ini terungkap bahwa rencong tidak hanya digunakan sebagai senjata untuk membela diri, tetapi lebih dari itu rencong juga bermakna sebagai martabat, keagungan, dan manifestasi dari unsur Islam. Oleh karena itu, rencong harus dilestarikan sebagai bagian dari budaya milik bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya dan Aceh khususnya. AbstractHumans utilise weapons to defend themselves. In Indonesia each ethnic group has a unique weapon according to their culture. The Acehnese of the Province of Aceh has a typical dagger called rencong. This paper reveals and discusses the meaning of rencong for the Acehnese, who referred to themselves as ureueng Aceh. For this purpose, rencong is not seen as material culture, but as a symbol of a culture. The author approaches the issue by conducting symbolic interpretive paradigm which is built on the assumption that humans are meaning-seekers animals. Validity of the data was obtained through triangulation technique, while analysis of data was conducted by applying data reduction, as well as displaying and verifying them. The study reveals that rencong is more than just a weapon; it is also symbolising dignity, majesty and manifestation of the elements of Islam. Therefore, rencong must be preserved as part of the nation's culture of Indonesia in general and particularly in Aceh.

scholarly journals Transformations and Site Locations from a Landscape Archaeological Perspective: The Case of Neolithic Wagrien, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Knitter ◽  
Jan Piet Brozio ◽  
Wolfgang Hamer ◽  
Rainer Duttmann ◽  
Johannes Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Relative Location ◽  
Fundamental Structure ◽  
Economic Strategies ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Archaeological Perspective ◽  
Ritual Practices

Societies undergo continuous dynamics and change. By investigating the spatial structure of societal remains and material culture, we tried to get insights into the processes of their landscapes creation. Ritual practices, economic strategies, or the societal structure are stored in the landscape as a form of cultural contextualization. We presumed that changes of these will be strongest during phases of transformation and investigated to which degree transformation processes are mirrored in the spatial structure of material remains. Absolute and relative locations were investigated using data from Neolithic domestic and ritual sites in Wagrien, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The results showed that transformations have a different influence on ritual and domestic locations: There are no discernible influences on the choice of relative domestic site locations, in contrast to ritual sites, whose relative location changes as a result of sociocultural transformations. This illustrates the importance of cultural and socioeconomic functions of individual sites and shows that transformations, even when they impact the fundamental structure of a society, do act on different relative and absolute scales and spheres.

Consumption as Cultural Interpretation: Taste, Performativity, and Navigating the Forest of Objects

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Current State

This article examines consumption from a cultural perspective, with particular emphasis on taste and performativity as well as the ways in which to navigate the forest of objects and their meanings. It first reviews the current state and future of consumption studies through the lens of intersecting research vectors in the fields of consumption, taste, and materiality. It then considers postmodern theories of consumption, focusing on three senses in which the concept of aestheticization has been employed. It also explains how material culture affords symbolic evidence of a person’s taste, and more broadly, is generative of their social identity. Finally, it addresses questions of individualism and hedonism, as well as the extent to which consumerism is culturally and socially divisive or constructive, and proposes a program for a cultural sociological approach to consumption.

Archaeology and Race

Anthropology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Agbe-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Racial Difference ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Boundary Formation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthropological Research

For as long as archaeologists have studied the human past, they have been concerned with the social categories we sometimes call “race.” In this bibliography, I use “race” to indicate a constellation of ideas sharing the assertion that meaningful claims about a person or group can be based on their origins or background, especially relying on their appearance or other physical characteristics. Anthropological research has shown us that when people partition humanity in this way, the results are not meaningful biological units. Race is an ideology of hierarchical, social differentiation masked as embodied differentiation. This is what anthropologists mean when they say that race is a system of social categories that has no basis in biology (see Oxford Bibliographies in Anthropology article Race). Archaeologists are not the only anthropologists who have considered “race” in the human past. Bioarchaeology (see Oxford Bibliographies in Anthropology article Bioarchaeology) and paleoanthropology (see the section “Microevolutionary Issues” in the Oxford Bibliographies in Anthropology article Human Evolution) have also addressed race. These fields examine people’s bodies, for the most part. This bibliography emphasizes archaeology as the study of material culture. “Race” as such has not always featured in archaeological scholarship, but related concepts such as “culture” (when referring to a group of people) and “ethnic group” have long structured archaeology’s understanding of humanity’s past. The archaeological study of “race” is here divided into three arenas: racial difference; racism; and racialization. In reality, these themes cannot be so neatly parsed, but for the purposes of this bibliography racial difference includes sources that address boundary formation and maintenance; racism emphasizes studies concerning inequality; and racialization considers race as a process rather than a state of being.

scholarly journals MODEL PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER MELALUI SISTEM PENDIDIKAN TERPADU INSANTAMA BOGOR

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Retnanto
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Integrated Education ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education System ◽  
Wide Range

<p>Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam tentang bagaimana model  pengembangan  karakter siswa pada Pendidikan Terpadu Insantama Bogor. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif  yaitu mengkaji perilaku  manusia dalam setting alamiah dengan fokus interpretasi budaya terhadap perilaku siswa. Nilai kegunaan atau urgensi dari penelitian ini diharapkan mempunyai implikasi  untuk membantu menyumbangkan pemikiran yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan, dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan Pendidikan Nasional dalam Sistem Pendidikan Nasional sehingga dapat menambah khasanah ilmu pendidikan khususnya dalam rangka membentuk manusia Indonesia seutuhnya.   Membantu  memberikan sebuah  konsep  sistem pendidikan yang dapat digunakan untuk menciptakan manusia cerdas sekaligus berakhlaq mulia yang mampu mengatasi berbagai macam problem yang sedang melanda manusia Indonesia yang sedang membangun.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: model, karakter, pendidikan ,terpadu.</strong></p><div class="Section1"><p align="center"><em>A</em><em>b</em><em>s</em><em>tr</em><em>a</em><em>ct</em></p><p> </p><p><em>CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT MODEL THROUGH INTE- GRATED EDUCATION SYSTEM OF INSANTAMA BOGOR. This study aims to learn in depth about how the character development model works in students of the Integrated Education Insantama Bogor. This study uses qualitative  approach which examines human  behavior</em></p></div><p><strong><br clear="all" /></strong></p><p> </p><p><em>i</em><em>n a natural  setting with a focus on cultural interpretation to such behavior. The urgency of this research is expected to have implications for helping contribute ideas related to education, in order to achieve the National  Education Goals in the national  education system so as to increase the repertoire of science education,  especially in order to form a good Indonesian. This study tries to provide an education system concept that can be used to create a smart man and have a good character which is able to a wide range of human problems that hit Indonesian.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:  character, model, education system</em><br /></strong></p>

scholarly journals THE RELIGIOUS HIERARCHY AND SPIRITUAL LIFE OF JEWISH COMMUNITIES FROM THE EIGHTEENTH TO THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Jamolitdin KARIMOV
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Education System ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Jews have come a long way in the historical process. It had an impact on all aspects of social and material culture related to daily life. Most of the Central Asian Jews reached high peaks and played a significant role in trade. Studies show that the Jewish community in Bukhara was well developed in the middle of the 19th century and had its orderly organizational structure. At the head of the administration was a man named Kalantar, and the chief rabbi, nicknamed Mullai Kalan, served as a representative for religious affairs. It also observed that from time to time, one person performed these two functions. Secular and religious administrations were closely intertwined but operated autonomously. The article analyzes the socio-religious structure of Bukharian Jews in the region, the tasks and activities of Kalantar, Mullai Kalan, Aksakal, Kaywani, and their role in the life of Jews. The article also contains information about the education system of Bukharian Jews, types of education, and the specialists who taught there. The article also includes the analysis of the written and oral literature of the Jews of Bukhara, individually written works, translations of religious texts and, the works of scientists who have made a great contribution to improving the literacy of the Jews of Bukhara.

scholarly journals Intercultural conflicts of Uzbek and English stereotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochilova Nisobegim Nabi qizi ◽  
Ahmedova Malohat Ergashevna ◽  
Kadirova Dilrabo Shamsiddinovna
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Intercultural Conflict ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Intercultural Conflicts

The most essential ability to understand the characteristics of learning foreign languagesis to learn how to communicate with people of different nationalities and, most importantly, to enjoy this communication. The language of each ethnic group is a living organism and is inextricably linked with its history, culture and social life. The problem of the interaction of language and culture is one of the central issues in linguistics. This article is based on the analysis of linguistic and cultural stereotypes in the Uzbek and English languages, as well as the prevention of intercultural conflict.

scholarly journals Ethnic group parents’ beliefs toward English medium instruction in school: A case of Kailali district

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Man Bahadur Jora
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Education System ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
English Medium Instruction ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Reading Activities

This research paper tries to explore the beliefs of ethnic group parents whose children study in private and community based schools in Kailali having English medium instruction (EMI). It has linked the education system in terms of English medium instruction. This study has built the framework of study on the basis of interview taken deeply from the ethnic group parents. The documented and recorded data show that English medium instruction is not on behalf of their mother tongue, learning style, environment and pace of learning. The only English medium instruction is applied currently in most of the private and government schools in Nepal. The beliefs of ethnic group parents illustrate that their children are not benefitted from English medium instruction regarding learning, doing homework and being interested in reading activities. Their views reveal the idea that use of only English medium instruction is being affected from the thinking of dominating their children’s languages. Finally, the beliefs of ethnic group parents show that the use of their languages (i.e. Tharu, Tamang, and Magar) in the schooling can attract children to the schools, doing homework, and decreasing the dropout rate of children from the school education.

scholarly journals Toward a Prototypical Model of Culture for Bible Translation

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-61
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Prototypical Model

Bible translation is inherently a communication event originating in a historical language and culture. Recipients of translated Scriptures interpret this historical text through their language and cultural grid. They have cultural practices, material culture, beliefs, values, a worldview, image schemas, etc., that can assist or compromise their ability to properly understand the Bible. This work addresses the challenge to translators and translation consultants to more readily identify translation issues that are rooted in the target culture such that they may be further researched and treated as appropriate in the translation and helps. A prototypical model of culture is proposed to support these deliberations, which is comprised of a stratified network of observable cultural systems, beliefs, values, and deep structural components of worldview and image schemas. The cultural model is productively applied to a survey of translation issues rooted in the target cultures of several language teams in eastern Africa, and to three, in-depth analyses from Zinza and Digo Scriptures. The results suggest that Zinza prefer LINK and PATH image schemas over IN/OUT and FULL/EMPTY CONTAINER image schemas in metaphorical extensions such as “in Christ.” In addition, the Digo people’s limited knowledge of biblical construction practices, and the strong impact of the Lake Victoria ecosystem on Zinza culture, present translation challenges to the Digo New Testament and Zinza Genesis, respectively.

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