scholarly journals Uncovering Latent Mobility Patterns from Twitter During Mass Events

GI_Forum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Steiger ◽  
Timothy Ellersiek ◽  
Bernd Resch ◽  
Alexander Zipf
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Mass Events

Using Personal Cell Phones for Ecological Momentary Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kuntsche ◽  
Florian Labhart
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Personal Digital Assistants ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a way of collecting data in people’s natural environments in real time and has become very popular in social and health sciences. The emergence of personal digital assistants has led to more complex and sophisticated EMA protocols but has also highlighted some important drawbacks. Modern cell phones combine the functionalities of advanced communication systems with those of a handheld computer and offer various additional features to capture and record sound, pictures, locations, and movements. Moreover, most people own a cell phone, are familiar with the different functions, and always carry it with them. This paper describes ways in which cell phones have been used for data collection purposes in the field of social sciences. This includes automated data capture techniques, for example, geolocation for the study of mobility patterns and the use of external sensors for remote health-monitoring research. The paper also describes cell phones as efficient and user-friendly tools for prompt manual data collection, that is, by asking participants to produce or to provide data. This can either be done by means of dedicated applications or by simply using the web browser. We conclude that cell phones offer a variety of advantages and have a great deal of potential for innovative research designs, suggesting they will be among the standard data collection devices for EMA in the coming years.

Mass Production: Impossible London’s Criminal Subjects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Geier
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mass Events

Considers mass readership and the ‘tastes’ it produces. Maps the history of criminals and execution spectacles, particularly as addressed by the London ‘public’ voices of Defoe and Dickens. Connects these mass events to the new mass print culture and circulation forms, such as the penny dreadfuls and their Newgate novel precursor. This shows the development of the public’s ‘taste for blood’, anxieties at an encroaching nonhumanity, and an infatuation with the inhuman from Jack Sheppard to Sweeney Todd and Dracula.

Effect of mobility conditions on the throughput of the Wireless Body Area Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Shinde ◽  
Santosh Sonavane
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Leg Movements

Background and objective: In the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) sensors are placed on the human body; which has various mobility patterns like seating, walking, standing and running. This mobility typically assisted with hand and leg movements on which most of the sensors are mounted. Previous studies were largely focused on simulations of WBAN mobility without focusing much on hand and leg movements. Thus for realistic studies on performance of the WBAN, it is important to consider hand and leg movements. Thus, an objective of this paper is to investigate an effect of the mobility patterns with hand movements on the throughput of the WBAN. Method: The IEEE 802.15.6 requirements are considered for WBAN design. The WBAN with star topology is used to connect three sensors and a hub. Three types of mobility viz. standing, walking and running with backward and forward hand movements is designed for simulation purpose. The throughput analysis is carried out with the three sets of simulations with standing, walking and running conditions with the speed of 0 m/s, 0.5 m/s and 3 m/s respectively. The data rate was increased from 250 Kb to 10000 Kb with AODV protocol. It is intended to investigate the effect of the hand movements and the mobility conditions on the throughput. Simulation results are analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics. A comparative analysis between the simulated model and a mathematical model is also introduced to get more insight into the data. Results: Simulation studies showed that as the data rate is increased, throughput is also increased for all mobility conditions however, this increasing trend was discontinuous. In the standing (static) position, the throughput is found to be higher than mobility (dynamic) condition. It is found that, the throughput is better in the running condition than the walking condition. Average values of the throughput in case of the standing condition were more than that of the dynamic conditions. To validate these results, a mathematical model is created. In the mathematical model, a same trend is observed. Conclusion: Overall, it is concluded that the throughput is decreased due to mobility of the WBAN. It is understood that mathematical models have given more insight into the simulation data and confirmed the negative effect of the mobility conditions on throughput. In the future, it is proposed to investigate effect of interference on the designed network and compare the results.

scholarly journals A Time-Based Objective Measure of Exposure to the Food Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Scully ◽  
Anne Moudon ◽  
Philip Hurvitz ◽  
Anju Aggarwal ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

Exposure to food environments has mainly been limited to counting food outlets near participants’ homes. This study considers food environment exposures in time and space using global positioning systems (GPS) records and fast food restaurants (FFRs) as the environment of interest. Data came from 412 participants (median participant age of 45) in the Seattle Obesity Study II who completed a survey, wore GPS receivers, and filled out travel logs for seven days. FFR locations were obtained from Public Health Seattle King County and geocoded. Exposure was conceptualized as contact between stressors (FFRs) and receptors (participants’ mobility records from GPS data) using four proximities: 21 m, 100 m, 500 m, and ½ mile. Measures included count of proximal FFRs, time duration in proximity to ≥1 FFR, and time duration in proximity to FFRs weighted by FFR counts. Self-reported exposures (FFR visits) were excluded from these measures. Logistic regressions tested associations between one or more reported FFR visits and the three exposure measures at the four proximities. Time spent in proximity to an FFR was associated with significantly higher odds of FFR visits at all proximities. Weighted duration also showed positive associations with FFR visits at 21-m and 100-m proximities. FFR counts were not associated with FFR visits. Duration of exposure helps measure the relationship between the food environment, mobility patterns, and health behaviors. The stronger associations between exposure and outcome found at closer proximities (<100 m) need further research.

scholarly journals Public Transport GPS Probe and Rail Gate Data for Assessing the Pattern of Human Mobility in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Songkorn Siangsuebchart ◽  
Sarawut Ninsawat ◽  
Apichon Witayangkurn ◽  
Surachet Pravinvongvuth
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Java Program

Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, is one of the most developed and expansive cities. Due to the ongoing development and expansion of Bangkok, urbanization has continued to expand into adjacent provinces, creating the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). Continuous monitoring of human mobility in BMR aids in public transport planning and design, and efficient performance assessment. The purpose of this study is to design and develop a process to derive human mobility patterns from the real movement of people who use both fixed-route and non-fixed-route public transport modes, including taxis, vans, and electric rail. Taxi GPS open data were collected by the Intelligent Traffic Information Center Foundation (iTIC) from all GPS-equipped taxis of one operator in BMR. GPS probe data of all operating GPS-equipped vans were collected by the Ministry of Transport’s Department of Land Transport for daily speed and driving behavior monitoring. Finally, the ridership data of all electric rail lines were collected from smartcards by the Automated Fare Collection (AFC). None of the previous works on human mobility extraction from multi-sourced big data have used van data; therefore, it is a challenge to use this data with other sources in the study of human mobility. Each public transport mode has traveling characteristics unique to its passengers and, therefore, specific analytical tools. Firstly, the taxi trip extraction process was developed using Hadoop Hive to process a large quantity of data spanning a one-month period to derive the origin and destination (OD) of each trip. Secondly, for van data, a Java program was used to construct the ODs of van trips. Thirdly, another Java program was used to create the ODs of the electric rail lines. All OD locations of these three modes were aggregated into transportation analysis zones (TAZ). The major taxi trip destinations were found to be international airports and provincial bus terminals. The significant trip destinations of vans were provincial bus terminals in Bangkok, electric rail stations, and the industrial estates in other provinces of BMR. In contrast, electric rail destinations were electric rail line interchange stations, the central business district (CBD), and commercial office areas. Therefore, these significant destinations of taxis and vans should be considered in electric rail planning to reduce the air pollution from gasoline vehicles (taxis and vans). Using the designed procedures, the up-to-date dataset of public transport can be processed to derive a time series of human mobility as an input into continuous and sustainable public transport planning and performance assessment. Based on the results of the study, the procedures can benefit other cities in Thailand and other countries.

scholarly journals The Making of a Marian Geography of Grace for Greek Catholics in the Polish Crownlands of the 17th–18th Centuries

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Dieter Stern
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Mass Mobilization ◽  
Marian Devotion ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
Active Policy ◽  
Mass Events

This article explores the ways in which the newly founded and highly contested Christian confession of the Greek Catholics or Uniates employed strategies of mass mobilization to establish and maintain their position within a contested confessional terrain. The Greek Catholic clerics, above all monks of the Basilian order fostered an active policy of acquiring, founding and promoting Marian places of grace in order to create and invigorate a sense of belonging among their flock. The article argues that folk ideological notions concerning the spatial and physical conditions for the working of miracles were seized upon by the Greek Catholic faithful to establish a mental map of grace of their own. Especially, the Basilian order took particular care to organize mass events (annual pilgrimages, coronation celebrations for miraculous images) and promote Marian devotion through miracle reports and icon songs in an attempt to define what it means to be a Greek Catholic in terms of sacred territoriality.

scholarly journals Vehicle Energy Consumption in Python (VencoPy): Presenting and Demonstrating an Open-Source Tool to Calculate Electric Vehicle Charging Flexibility

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4349
Author(s):  
Niklas Wulff ◽  
Fabia Miorelli ◽  
Hans Christian Gils ◽  
Patrick Jochem
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Vehicle Demand ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Electric Loads

As electric vehicle fleets grow, rising electric loads necessitate energy systems models to incorporate their respective demand and potential flexibility. Recently, a small number of tools for electric vehicle demand and flexibility modeling have been released under open source licenses. These usually sample discrete trips based on aggregate mobility statistics. However, the full range of variables of travel surveys cannot be accessed in this way and sub-national mobility patterns cannot be modeled. Therefore, a tool is proposed to estimate future electric vehicle fleet charging flexibility while being able to directly access detailed survey results. The framework is applied in a case study involving two recent German national travel surveys (from the years 2008 and 2017) to exemplify the implications of different mobility patterns of motorized individual vehicles on load shifting potential of electric vehicle fleets. The results show that different mobility patterns, have a significant impact on the resulting load flexibilites. Most obviously, an increased daily mileage results in higher electricty demand. A reduced number of trips per day, on the other hand, leads to correspondingly higher grid connectivity of the vehicle fleet. VencoPy is an open source, well-documented and maintained tool, capable of assessing electric vehicle fleet scenarios based on national travel surveys. To scrutinize the tool, a validation of the simulated charging by empirically observed electric vehicle fleet charging is advised.

scholarly journals Understanding senior's daily mobility patterns in California using human mobility motifs

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 103117
Author(s):  
Rongxiang Su ◽  
Jingyi Xiao ◽  
Elizabeth C. McBride ◽  
Konstadinos G. Goulias
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Daily Mobility
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