scholarly journals Subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution and serum lipid/lipoprotein in unmedicated postmenopausal women: A B-mode ultrasound study

Imaging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Vickie Wong ◽  
Zachary W. Bell ◽  
Robert W. Spitz ◽  
Scott J. Dankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Adipose Tissue Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:It has been observed that gluteal-femoral adipose tissue has a protective effect against risk factors for cardiovascular disease but has not yet been concluded how different evaluation methods of fat distribution affect the results.Methods:To test the hypothesis that B-mode ultrasound-measured subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, 326 Japanese unmedicated postmenopausal women aged 50-70 years were analyzed. Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness at 6 sites (anterior and posterior aspects of trunk, upper-arm, and thigh) and serum total (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) was measured, and a ratio of HDLC to TC (HDLC/TC) was calculated. We used Bayesian linear regression with 4 separate models with each model predicting HDLC/TC.Results:Our first model provided evidence for an inverse correlation (r = –0.23) between ultrasound measured body fat (6 site measurement) and HDLC/TC. The second model noted evidence for an inverse correlation between trunk fat and HDLC/TC and found evidence for the null with respect to the correlation between thigh fat and HDLC/TC. Therefore, we added thigh fat to the null model to produce Distribution Model 2. Within this model, we noted an inverse correlation (r = –0.353) between trunk fat and HDLC/TC. Our last model determined that within the trunk fatness, the abdominal area (anterior trunk) was a larger predictor than the subscapular site (posterior trunk).Conclusion:These results support the evidence that ultrasound-measured abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness is a non-invasive predictor for monitoring the risk for dyslipidemia in postmenopausal women.

Abstract MP045: The Ratio of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Area was Positively Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis for Smoking Men

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung H Lee ◽  
Hyeon C Kim ◽  
Jee-Seon Shim ◽  
Myung H Lee ◽  
Bo M Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Adipose Tissue Distribution ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Introduction: Several studies have examined the association between adipose tissue distribution and atherosclerosis. However, the effect of smoking on this association has not been evaluated yet. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that there is positive association between the ratio of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), and the association can be modified according to gender and smoking status in South Korea. Methods: A total of 1,606 middle-aged participants without cardiovascular disease were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from 2013 to 2015 in South Korea (568 men; 1,038 women). The CIMT of study participants was measured using B-mode ultrasonography at distal right common carotid artery, based on a predetermined protocol. We measured the abdominal adipose tissue distribution of study participants using computerized tomography. The area of adipose tissue at L4 vertebrae level was calculated, and the area of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were separated by abdominal wall. Then, we calculated the ratio of VAT and SAT (VAT/SAT) area. Other major cardiovascular risk factors were measured by standardized questionnaire, physical exam and fasting blood analysis. Smoking status of study participants was classified into three groups: current, former and never smokers. For evaluating the association between adipose tissue area and CIMT, we used multiple linear regressions. Separated analyses based on gender and smoking status were also performed. Results: Mean CIMT of study participants was 0.62 mm (SD, 0.12 mm), and mean VAF/SAF ratio of study participants was 0.62 (SD, 0.29). The prevalence of current smoker was 36.8% (209 of 568) for men, and 4.1% (42 of 1038) for women. In our multiple linear regression models, the VAT/SAT ratio showed statistically significant positive β-coefficient for total participants (β =8.62, p=0.008): showing significant for men (β =15.95, p=0.001) and not for women (β =3.15, p=0.377). When considering men only with respect to smoking status, the association between VAT/SAT ratio and CIMT was significant for current smokers (β=30.37, p<0.001), while it was not for never smokers (β=0.62, p=0.958) and former smokers (β=12.84, p=0.119). There was no significant interaction for gender and also for smoking status for men (p for interaction>0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the VAT/SAT ratio was positively associated with CIMT, and more preeminent positive association was observed for current men smokers than for never and former men smokers. The results of this study supported the need of smoking cessation to prevent atherosclerosis by adipose tissue distribution, especially for men.

scholarly journals CT-based determination of excessive visceral adipose tissue is associated with an impaired survival in critically ill patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250321
Author(s):  
Theresa H. Wirtz ◽  
Sven H. Loosen ◽  
Maximilian Schulze-Hagen ◽  
Ralf Weiskirchen ◽  
Lukas Buendgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adipose Tissue Distribution ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Objective Obesity is a negative prognostic factor for various clinical conditions. In this observational cohort study, we evaluated a CT-based assessment of the adipose tissue distribution as a potential non-invasive prognostic parameter in critical illness. Methods Routine CT-scans upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) were used to analyze the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas at the 3rd lumbar vertebra in 155 patients. Results were correlated with various prognostic markers and both short-term- and overall survival. Multiple statistical tools were used for data analysis. Results We observed a significantly larger visceral adipose tissue area in septic patients compared to non-sepsis patients. Interestingly, patients requiring mechanical ventilation had a significantly higher amount of visceral adipose tissue correlating with the duration of mechanical ventilation. Moreover, both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area significantly correlated with several laboratory markers. While neither the visceral nor the subcutaneous adipose tissue area was predictive for short-term ICU survival, patients with a visceral adipose tissue area above the optimal cut-off (241.4 cm2) had a significantly impaired overall survival compared to patients with a lower visceral adipose tissue area. Conclusions Our study supports a prognostic role of the individual adipose tissue distribution in critically ill patients. However, additional investigations need to confirm our suggestion that routine CT-based assessment of adipose tissue distribution can be used to yield further information on the patients’ clinical course. Moreover, future studies should address functional and metabolic analysis of different adipose tissue compartments in critical illness.

scholarly journals Association of Adipose Tissue Distribution With Type 2 Diabetes in Breast Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822342097236
Author(s):  
Jia Qi ◽  
Hui Hu ◽  
Lusine Yaghjyan ◽  
Lejun An ◽  
Harris A Kalim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Adipose Tissue Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Purpose: We examined the association of adipose tissue distribution with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in breast cancer patients. Methods: Participants (N = 238) diagnosed with breast cancer at 20-75 years old who received breast cancer treatment at a major hospital from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017, with at least one completed and identifiable abdominal or pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan and data regarding race and ethnicity were included. Thirty-two breast cancer patients were identified as T2D patients after their breast cancer diagnoses. The adipose tissue distribution (visceral fat area [VFA], subcutaneous fat area [SFA], and the ratio of VFA to SFA [VFA/SFA]) was quantified on CT images of the third lumbar vertebra. T2D status was retrieved from patients’ electronic medical records. The association of adipose tissue distribution with T2D in women with breast cancer was examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Participants with T2D had significantly smaller SFA compared to those without T2D (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.81-0.96, per 10 cm2 SFA). A positive association of VFA/SFA ratio with T2D was observed (OR = 19.57, 95% CI = 3.26-117.42, per unit VFA/SFA), although the estimate was imprecise. Conclusions: The amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue was inversely associated with T2D, and the ratio of the amount of visceral adipose tissue to the amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue was positively associated with T2D in breast cancer patients.

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