Combining ability and gene action studies for yield-contributing traits in crosses involving winter and spring wheat genotypes

The success of winter × spring wheat hybridization programmes depends upon the ability of the genotypes of these two physiologically distinct ecotypes to combine well with each other. Hence the present investigation was undertaken to study the combining ability and nature of gene action for various morpho-physiological and yield-contributing traits in crosses involving winter and spring wheat genotypes. Five elite and diverse genotypes each of winter and spring wheat ecotypes and their F 1 (spring × spring, winter × winter and winter × spring) hybrids, generated in a diallel mating design excluding reciprocals, were evaluated in a random block design with three replications. Considerable variability was observed among the spring and winter wheat genotypes for all the traits under study. Furthermore, these traits were highly influenced by the winter and spring wheat genetic backgrounds, resulting in significant differences between the spring × spring, winter × winter and winter × spring wheat hybrids for some of the traits. The winter × spring wheat hybrids were observed to be the best with respect to yieldcontributing traits. On the basis of GCA effects, the spring wheat parents HPW 42, HPW 89, HW 3024, PW 552 and UP 2418 and the winter wheat parents Saptdhara, VWFW 452, W 10 and WW 24 were found to be good combiners for the majority of traits. These spring and winter wheat parents could be effectively utilized in future hybridization programmes for wheat improvement. Superior hybrid combinations for one or more traits were identified, all of which involved at least one good general combiner for one or more traits in their parentage, and can thus be exploited in successive generations to develop potential recombinants through various breeding strategies. Genetic studies revealed the preponderance of additive gene action for days to flowering, days to maturity and harvest index, and non-additive gene action for the remaining six traits.

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Estimation of combining ability and gene action for yield and its components in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-4785 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (06) ◽

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar Maida ◽

M. P. Patel ◽

Chandrabhan Ahirwar ◽

A. M. Patel

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Block Design ◽

Hybrid Breeding ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Diallel Mating Design ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Additive Gene

Twenty eight hybrids developed by utilizing eight parents in 8 x 8 diallel mating design excluding reciprocals were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications for twelve characters in order to understand the combining ability and gene action in pigeonpea. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed presence of additive and non- additive gene action. The ratio of gca/sca variance was less than unity which indicated the preponderance of non- additive gene action for action in the control of pod length, harvest index, protein content and leaf area. The estimates of general combining ability suggested that parents ICPL-87119, GT-103 and AGT-2 were good general combiners for seed yield per plant and its attributing characters while, hybrids UPAS-120 x GT-103, BSMR-853 x BANAS and BSMR-853 x GT-1 showed the higher order sca effect for seed yield per plant. These cross combinations can be potentially utilized in hybrid breeding programmes.

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Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v7i4.665-671.2358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 665

Author(s):

Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽

Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽

Ezatollah Farshadfar

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Breeding Methods ◽

Narrow Sense ◽

Narrow Sense Heritability ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Diallel Mating Design ◽

Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

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Genetic Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. [Moench])

Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae ◽

10.2478/ahr-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

Muyideen Oluseyi Olayiwola ◽

Deborah Doyinsola Olaniran ◽

Adesola Lateef Nassir ◽

Omolayo Johnson Ariyo

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Pod Length

AbstractA study was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria to determine the gene action underlying the inheritance of important agronomic traits as well as the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of the parents and hybrids, respectively. Ten hybrids were developed by crossing five lines to two testers. The hybrids and parents were evaluated on the field in a randomised complete block design replicated three times, and data were collected on days to 50% flowering, number of branches, stem diameter, plant height, pod length, pod width, pod weight, number of pods and pod yield. The data were subjected to line by tester analysis and results showed substantial variability among the genotypes for some of the characters measured. Days to 50% flowering, number of pods and pod yield were largely under additive gene action while non-additive gene action was more important in the inheritance of plant height. Favourable GCA and SCA effects for days to 50% flowering were observed in NGB00356, NGB00326 and NGB00347 × NGB00326, respectively. The tester NGB00326 had a positive and significant GCA effect for number of pods while the highest positive SCA effect for pod yield was found in NGB00297 × NGB00326. Thus, NGB00356 and NGB00326 could be considered as sources of alleles for development of early maturing while the cross NGB00297 × NGB00326 could be exploited for high yielding okra genotypes.

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Genetics of Resistance in F2 Soybean Populations for Adzuki Bean Bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis)

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n12p171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Ulemu Mercy Msiska ◽

Mehari Gebremedhn Hailay ◽

Belay Weldekidan Miesho ◽

Angele Pembele Ibanda ◽

Phinehas Tukamuhabwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Effects ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Block Design ◽

Resistance Breeding ◽

Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽

Adzuki Bean ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Additive Gene

Adzuki bean bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis) is a significant pest of soybean in Uganda. To sustainably manage this pest, utilization of resistant soybean varieties is the key solution. Development of resistant varieties needs knowledge on modes of inheritance which is crucial in selection of parent materials. To identify parents, a study was initiated to determine the gene action and mode of inheritance of resistance to bruchids in soybean. Nine parental lines were crossed in a full-diallel at Makerere University Agricultural Institute, Uganda. The generated F1s were advanced to F2 and seeds were evaluated for response to bruchid infestation in a randomised complete block design. Ten seeds were infested with 10 randomly selected unsexed 1-3 day old bruchids. Genotypes showed significant differences in seed weight loss (swl), adult bruchid emergence (ABE) and Dobie susceptibility index (DSI) indicating that these parameters could be used to screen genotypes in genetic analysis. Mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) were significant (P < 0.05) for swl, DSI and number of ABE from the F2 seeds indicating additive gene action. Susceptibility parameters ABE and DSI showed significant specific combining ability (SCA) indicating non-additive gene action. Resistance was influenced by maternal effects indicating that direction of the cross was important. Genotypes S-Line 9.2 and S-Line 13.2A showed negative significant GCA effects for at least two of the susceptibility parameters indicating that they were the best parents for bruchid resistance breeding. The study established that additive, non additive and maternal effects governed the gene expression in soybean resistance to bruchids.

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Combining ability for physiological traits in spring wheat over environments

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.52.2004.1.8 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. N. Sharma ◽

U. Menon ◽

R. S. Sain

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Physiological Traits ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Peduncle Length

Combining ability analysis was carried out in the F1 and F2 generations of a 10 × 10 parents half diallel for peduncle length and flag leaf area in spring wheat under three environments. The mean squares for both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for peduncle length in both the generations, indicating the involvement of both additive and non-additive gene actions in the inheritance. However, the high values of GCA variance showed the greater importance of additive gene action in the inheritance of this trait. Flag leaf area was observed to be controlled by non-additive gene action. The environment played a significant role in the expression of both the traits. The GCA × environment interaction exhibited greater sensitivity in all cases than the SCA × environment interaction. The varieties Kharchia 65 and Durgapura 65 emerged as desirable general combiners for peduncle length, whereas Pavon and Moncho had high mean performance for flag leaf area. These parents could be used as donors in future breeding to develop a physiologically efficient wheat genotype with high production. The crosses Moncho × Brochis and Durgapura 65 × Raj 821 were the most desirable specific combinations for flag leaf area and Kharchia 65 × Chiroca for both the traits. Desirable transgressive segregants can be expected from these crosses. Diallel selective mating or bi-parental crossing could be useful for the genetic improvement of these physiological traits.

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Genetic analysis of physiological indicators of drought tolerance in bread wheat using diallel technique

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1501107f ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 107-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ezatollah Farshadfar ◽

Reza Amiri

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Block Design ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Chl A ◽

Additive Gene

In order to study genetic architecture of physiological criteria of drought tolerance in wheat using different diallel techniques, an experiment was conducted on six bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 15 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under rainfed conditions at the Research Farm of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran during 2010- 2011 cropping season. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences between the genotypes for relative water content (RWC), relative chlorophyll content (RCC), chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll (Chl T) and proline concentration (PC). RWC, Chl T and PC exhibited significant differences for general combining ability, indicating the involvement of additive gene action in their inheritance. Moreover, as specific combining ability was not significant for all studied traits, hence these traits are predominantly controlled by additive gene action. Parent number one was the best general combiner for improvement of RWC, RCC and Chl b, while the best general combiner for improvement of Chl a, Chl T and PC was parent number five. Also, the best specific combination for improvement of RWC, RCC, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T and PC were the crosses 2?4, 1?2, 3?6, 1?6, 1?6 and 1?4, respectively indicating that parents of these crosses are genetically varied. Hayman and Morley-Jones analysis of variance revealed that the inheritance of RWC, Chl a, Chl b, and Chl T was mainly controlled by additive gene effects, while PC was controlled by both additive as well as dominance type of gene action.

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The Effects of Combining Ability for Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Sodic Soil

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i1230661 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-44

Author(s):

Durgesh Kumar Shukla ◽

S. N. Singh ◽

S. C. Gaur ◽

Anil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Hybrid Vigour ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Positive Effect

Information on combining ability is derived from data on twelve yield and yield contributing characters in fifteen male and three female parents utilised in line x tester fashion to estimate combining ability of rice genotypes under coastal saline condition. Forty Five hybrids generated from crossing three lines with fifteen testers were studied along with their parents for combining ability and gene action involved in the expression of characters in rice. The gca and sca effects were significant for all the characters. The magnitude of sca variance was higher than the gca variance for all the characters revealed the presence of predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Halchal (-12.29) was found to be good general combiners for days to 50% flowering and early maturity, Halchal (-13.39). However, IR-24 (1.88) was good general combiners with significant positive effect for tallness. Magic (-12.05) good general combiners for dwarfness and Shriram 434 (1.57) was good general combiners for test weight however, Moti was best general combiner with gca estimates of 7.07 for harvest index and Kuber (3.48) was the good general combiners for yield/hill. Cross combinations RHR 27 x IR 24 (4.04) was significant and positive effect for yield/hill, performance for ear bearing tillers per plant were RHR 27 x IR 24 (1.88). In general, the crosses showing significant and desirable combining ability effects were associated with better per se performance for the respective traits. These hybrids could be utilized in heterosis breeding to exploit hybrid vigour.

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Assessment of Combining Ability Effects for several Yield and Quality Traits in a Complete Diallel Cross of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha45210873 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 517-524

Author(s):

Sorin CIULCA ◽

Natalia CARP ◽

Emilian MADOŞA ◽

Adriana CIULCA ◽

Radu ŞUMĂLAN

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Gene Action ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Plant Yield ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Additive Gene

Information on the inheritance of yield and quality traits is important for the selection of parents and breeding approaches to be adopted for the improvement of strawberry. The present study aimed to estimate the combining ability and gene effects for plant yield, fruits number/plant, fruit weight, pulp firmness and sugar content of strawberries in order to identify the best genitors and promising crosses, in 30 hybrids of six parents. The additive and non-additive gene action as well as the maternal effects was involved in the inheritance of the studied traits. For all traits, especially for fruit weight and plant yield, the additive gene action was more important than the non-additive one. The parents ‘A1’ and ‘Alba’ showed a higher concentration of favourable alleles for plant yield and fruits number, and they will allow the increase of plant yield when used as a donor of pollen and the increase of fruit number when used as a recipient of pollen. The variety ‘Marmolada’ was a good general combiner for sugar content, pulp firmness and fruit weight, especially when used as a female genitor. These parents could be used in hybridization in order to accelerate the genetic improvement of some yield and quality traits in strawberries. The cross ‘Mira’ × ‘Onda’ expressed desirable specific combining ability effects for yield traits and can be successfully use in strawberries breeding programs. In the case of ‘Alba’ × ‘Clery’ there is a high probability to select progenies with valuable yield traits associated with sweet fruits.

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Combining Ability Analysis of Blast Disease Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn]

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v8n11p138 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lawrence Owere ◽

Pangirayi Tongoona ◽

John Derera ◽

Nelson Wanyera

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Finger Millet ◽

Gene Action ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

The Other ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Additive Gene

Blast disease is the most important biotic constraint to finger millet production. Therefore disease resistant varieties are required. However, there is limited information on combining ability for resistance and indeed other agronomic traits of the germplasm in Uganda. This study was carried out to estimate the combining ability and gene effects controlling blast disease resistance and selected agronomic traits in finger millet. Thirty six crosses were generated from a 9 × 9 half diallel mating design. The seed from the 36 F1 crosses were advanced by selfing and the F2 families and their parents were evaluated in three replications. General combining ability (GCA) for head blast resistance and the other agronomic traits were all highly significant (p ≤ 0.01), whereas specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for all traits except grain yield and grain mass head-1. On partitioning the mean sum of squares, the GCA values ranged from 31.65% to 53.05% for head blast incidence and severity respectively, and 36.18% to 77.22% for the other agronomic traits measured. Additive gene effects were found to be predominant for head blast severity, days to 50% flowering, grain yield, number of productive tillers plant-1, grain mass head-1, plant height and panicle length. Non-additive gene action was predominant for number of fingers head-1, finger width and panicle width. The parents which contributed towards high yield were Seremi 2, Achaki, Otunduru, Bulo and Amumwari. Generally, highly significant additive gene action implied that progress would be made through selection whereas non-additive gene action could slow selection progress and indicated selection in the later generations.

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Studies on combining ability in high yielding drought tolerant mungbean genotypes under West Bengal condition

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-3537 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Sen ◽

D K De

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

West Bengal ◽

Gene Action ◽

The Other ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Combining Ability Analysis ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Seedling Characters ◽

Half Diallel

Combining ability analysis was carried out in an 8x8 half-diallel fashion in mungbean to understand the combining ability, nature of gene action for thirteen yield and its components in 28 hybrids and their 8 parents. These 8 genotypes were already classified into drought tolerant and drought susceptible types from a laboratory study where PEG (6000) (-3) bar was used to impose drought stress against control for studying the seedling characters. The analysis of variance due to combining ability for the thirteen yield attributing traits in F1 population and their parents revealed that variances due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters indicating that these traits were controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action. Results also showed that cross combinations producing significantly superior SCA effect generally involved one of the parents with good GCA effect and the other had been either medium or poor combiner. Transgressive breeding has been opined to be useful in such cases. After compilation of the results it was found that only two cross combinations viz. SML-286(S) x B-1(T) and PDM-54(T) x K-851(T) were superior performers with respect to 7 and 5 characters including yield. Therefore, progeny of these two crosses may be pursued for obtaining lines with higher yield and tolerance to drought.

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