Effects of short-term sodium chlorate exposure on pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Nam Cha ◽  
Won-Chul Jung ◽  
Hyunju Choi ◽  
Yeo Lee ◽  
Chang-Yeul Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Different Doses

The present study evaluated the effects of exposure to different doses of sodium chlorate in 10-week-old pigs. Twenty pigs were divided into four equal groups and treated with different doses of sodium chlorate: 0, 125, 250 and 500 mg kg−1body weight per day via the drinking water for 7 consecutive days. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in red blood cell and white blood cell counts, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (P < 0.001) and creatinine levels, and an increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.05) activities in swine administered sodium chlorate at a dose of 500 mg kg−1body weight per day. The histopathological study revealed increased numbers of vacuoles in the convoluted tubules, tubular necrosis and degeneration of the renal tubular epithelial cells, depletion of nuclei and lobular necrosis of the liver in all pigs treated with sodium chlorate at 500 mg kg−1body weight per day. Thus, 7-day administration of sodium chlorate at 500 mg kg−1body weight per day to pigs affects the liver and kidney tissues as well as the haematologic and serum biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CALLABY ◽  
O. HANOTTE ◽  
I. CONRADIE VAN WYK ◽  
H. KIARA ◽  
P. TOYE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
First Year ◽  
East African ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

SUMMARYParasite burden varies widely between individuals within a population, and can covary with multiple aspects of individual phenotype. Here we investigate the sources of variation in faecal strongyle eggs counts, and its association with body weight and a suite of haematological measures, in a cohort of indigenous zebu calves in Western Kenya, using relatedness matrices reconstructed from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes. Strongyle egg count was heritable (h2 = 23·9%,s.e. = 11·8%) and we also found heritability of white blood cell counts (WBC) (h2 = 27·6%,s.e. = 10·6%). All the traits investigated showed negative phenotypic covariances with strongyle egg count throughout the first year: high worm counts were associated with low values of WBC, red blood cell count, total serum protein and absolute eosinophil count. Furthermore, calf body weight at 1 week old was a significant predictor of strongyle EPG at 16–51 weeks, with smaller calves having a higher strongyle egg count later in life. Our results indicate a genetic basis to strongyle EPG in this population, and also reveal consistently strong negative associations between strongyle infection and other important aspects of the multivariate phenotype.

An Alternative Elastase-mediated Degradation of Fibrinogen and Fibrin Observed in a Patient with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and Pneumonia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (02) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji lijima ◽  
Fumiyo Murakami ◽  
Yasushi Horie ◽  
Katsumi Nakamura ◽  
Shiro Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis ◽  
Pmn Elastase ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Pmn Élastase

SummaryA 74-year-old female developed pneumonia following herpes simplex encephalitis. Her white blood cell counts reached 28,400/μl, about 90% of which consisted of granulocytes. The polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase/α1-arantitrypsin complex levels increased and reached the maximum of 5,019 ng/ml, indicating the release of a large amount of elastase derived from the granulocytes. The mechanism of PMN elastase release was most likely to be granulocyte destruction associated with phagocytosis. The cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin by PMN elastase, independent of plasmin, was indicated by the presence of the fragments in immunoprecipitated plasma from the patient corresponding to elastase-induced FDP D and DD fragments and the absence of fragments corresponding to plasmin-induced FDP D and DD fragments on SDS-PAGE. These findings suggested that the large amount of PMN elastase released from the excessive numbers of granulocytes in this patient with herpes simplex encephalitis and pneumonia, induced the cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin without the participation of plasmin.

Mediational g-formula for time-varying treatment and repeated-measured multiple mediators: Application to atorvastatin’s effect on cardiovascular disease via cholesterol lowering and anti-inflammatory actions in elderly type 2 diabetics

2021 ◽  
pp. 096228022110259
Author(s):  
Shintaro Yamamuro ◽  
Tomohiro Shinozaki ◽  
Satoshi Iimuro ◽  
Yutaka Matsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Modern causal mediation theory has formalized several types of indirect and direct effects of treatment on outcomes regarding specific mediator variables. We reviewed and unified distinct approaches to estimate the “interventional” direct and indirect effects for multiple mediators and time-varying variables. This study was motivated by a clinical trial of elderly type-2 diabetic patients in which atorvastatin was widely prescribed to control patients’ cholesterol levels to reduce diabetic complications, including cardiovascular disease. Among atorvastatin’s preventive side-effects (pleiotropic effects), we focus on its anti-inflammatory action as measured by white blood cell counts. Hence, we estimate atorvastatin’s interventional indirect effects through cholesterol lowering and through anti-inflammatory action, and interventional direct effect bypassing these two actions. In our analysis, total effect (six-year cardiovascular disease risk difference) estimated by standard plug-in g-formula of −3.65% (95% confidence interval: −10.29%, 4.38%) is decomposed into indirect effect via low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.90% [−1.91%, −0.07%]), via white blood cell counts (−0.03% [−0.22%, 0.11%]), and direct effect (−2.84% [−9.71%, 5.41%]) by the proposed parametric mediational g-formula. The SAS program and its evaluation via simulated datasets are provided in the Supplemental materials.

scholarly journals Influence of platelet and white blood cell counts on major thrombosis – analysis from a patient registry in essential thrombocythemia

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Buxhofer‐Ausch ◽  
Michael Steurer ◽  
Siegfried Sormann ◽  
Ernst Schloegl ◽  
Wolfgang Schimetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Essential Thrombocythemia ◽  
Patient Registry ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document