Influence of conservation tillage and nutrient rate on the internal fusarium infection of winter wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1101-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Stingli ◽  
Árpád Bokor ◽  
Mária Kondor-Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Fusarium Infection

scholarly journals Determination of Main Spectral and Luminescent Characteristics of Winter Wheat Seeds Infected with Pathogenic Microflora

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Alexey M. Bashilov ◽  
Igor Yu. Efremenkov ◽  
Mikhail V. Belyakov ◽  
Alexander V. Lavrov ◽  
Anatoly A. Gulyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
Constant Growth ◽  
Wheat Seeds

In connection with the constant growth of demand for high-quality food products, there is a need to develop effective methods for storing agricultural products, and the registration and predicting infection in the early stages. The studying of the physical properties of infected plants and seeds has fundamental importance for determining crop losses, conducting a survey of diseases, and assessing the effectiveness of their control (assessment of the resistance of crops and varieties, the effect of fungicides, etc.). Presently, photoluminescent methods for diagnosing seeds in the ultraviolet and visible ranges have not been studied. For research, seeds of winter wheat were selected, and were infected with one of the most common and dangerous diseases for plants—fusarium. The research of luminescence was carried out based on a hardware–software complex consisting of a multifunctional spectrofluorometer “Fluorat-02-Panorama”, a computer with software “Panorama Pro” installed, and an external camera for the samples under study. Spectra were obtained with a diagnostic range of winter wheat seeds of 220–400 nm. Based on the results obtained for winter wheat seeds, it is possible to further develop a method for determining the degree of fusarium infection.

Epidemiology of Fusarium infection and deoxynivalenol content in winter wheat in the Rhineland, Germany

2002 ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Birzele ◽  
A. Meier ◽  
H. Hindorf ◽  
J. Krämer ◽  
H.-W. Dehne
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Infection

scholarly journals Relationships between winter wheat yields and soil carbon under various tillage systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 540-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mikanová ◽  
T. Šimon ◽  
M. Javůrek ◽  
M. Vach
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Set Up

 Soil quality and fertility are associated with its productivity, and this in turn is connected to the soil biological activity. To study these effects, well designed long-term field experiments that provide comprehensive data sets are the most applicable. Four treatments (tillage methods) were set up: (1) conventional tillage (CT); (2) no tillage (NT); (3) minimum tillage + straw (MTS), and (4) no tillage + mulch (NTM). Our objective was to assess the relationships between soil microbial characteristics and winter wheat yields under these different techniques of conservation tillage within a field experiment, originally established in 1995. The differences in average grain yields over time period 2002–2009 between the variants were not statistically significant. Organic carbon in the topsoil was higher in plots with conservation tillage (NT, MTS, and NTM), than in the conventional tillage plots. There was a statistically significant correlation (P ≤ 0.01) between the grain yields and organic C content in topsoil.  

scholarly journals Comparison of Evapotranspiration and Biomass Simulation in Winter Wheat under Conventional and Conservation Tillage Systems using APEX Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haile K. Tadesse ◽  
Daniel N. Moriasi ◽  
Prasanna H. Gowda ◽  
Pradeep Wagle ◽  
Patrick J. Starks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Apex Model

Weed response and crop growth in winter wheat–lucerne intercropping: a comparison of conventional and reduced soil-tillage conditions in northern France

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barilli ◽  
M.-H. Jeuffroy ◽  
J. Gall ◽  
S. de Tourdonnet ◽  
S. Médiène
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Weed Communities

Changing agricultural practices from conventional to conservation tillage generally leads to increased weed populations and herbicide use. To gain information about the possible use of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) cover crop as an alternative and sustainable weed-control strategy for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), an experiment was performed at Thiverval-Grignon, France, from 2008 to 2010. We compared conventional and reduced tillage as well as the presence and absence of living mulch (i.e. lucerne) on weeds and wheat production. Percentage soil coverage and aboveground biomass of wheat, lucerne and weeds were measured at the end of grain filling. Weed communities were analysed in terms of composition and diversity. During both seasons, wheat biomass did not significantly decrease in reduced-till trials compared with conventional ones (7.0 and 7.2 t ha–1, respectively, in 2008–09; 6.9 and 7.1 t ha–1 in 2009–10). Regardless of soil management, the percentage soil coverage by wheat significantly decreased when it was intercropped, although wheat biomass was not significantly reduced compared with the sole crop. To minimise cash-crop losses, we studied the competition between wheat, lucerne and weeds, testing various herbicide strategies. Early control of lucerne allowed better balance between weed control and wheat development. In addition, weed communities varied among treatments in terms of abundance and composition, being reduced but more varied in plots associated with lucerne. A functional group analysis showed that grasses benefited from reduced-till conditions, whereas problematic weeds such as annuals with creeping and climbing morphologies were substantially reduced. In addition, annual and perennial broad-leaf species with rosette morphology were also significantly decreased when lucerne was used as living mulch. Wheat production in reduced-till conditions intercropped with lucerne living mulch may be useful for integrated weed management, reducing the need for herbicides.

scholarly journals Influence of different tillage systems on soil physical properties and crop yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Husnjak ◽  
D. Filipović ◽  
S. Košutić
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Air Capacity

An experiment with five different tillage systems and their influence on physical properties of a silty loam soil (Albic Luvisol) was carried in northwest Slavonia in the period of 1997–2000. The compared tillage systems were: 1. conventional tillage (CT), 2. reduced tillage (RT), 3. conservation tillage I (CP), 4. conservation tillage II (CM), 5. no-tillage system (NT). The crop rotation was soybean (Glycine max L.) – winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) – soybean – winter wheat. Differences between tillage systems in bulk density, total porosity, and water holding capacity and air capacity were not significant in winter wheat seasons. In soybean seasons, significant differences between some tillage systems were recorded in bulk density, total porosity, air capacity and soil moisture. The deterioration trend of physical properties was generally increasing in the order CM, CT, CP, NT and RT. The highest yield of soybean in the first experimental year was achieved under CT system and the lowest under CP system. In all other experimental years, the highest yield of winter wheat and soybean was achieved under CM system, while the lowest under RT system.

scholarly journals Methodical Considerations and Resistance Evaluation against Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Head Blight in Wheat. Part 3. Susceptibility Window and Resistance Expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea György ◽  
Beata Tóth ◽  
Monika Varga ◽  
Akos Mesterhazy
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
Host Stage ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Resistance Expression

Flowering is the most favorable host stage for Fusarium infection in wheat, which is called the susceptibility window (SW). It is not known how long it takes, how it changes in different resistance classes, nor how stable is the plant reaction in the SW. We have no information, how the traits disease index (DI), Fusarium-damaged kernel rate (FDK), and deoxynivalenol (DON) respond within the 16 days period. Seven winter wheat genotypes differing in resistance were tested (2013–2014). Four Fusarium isolates were used for inoculation at mid-anthesis, and 4, 8, 11, 13, and 16 days thereafter. The DI was not suitable to determine the length of the SW. In the Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), a sharp 50% decrease was found after the 8th day. The largest reduction (above 60%) was recorded for DON at each resistance level between the 8th and 11th day. This trait showed the SW most precisely. The SW is reasonably stable in the first 8–9 days. This fits for all resistance classes. The use of four isolates significantly improved the reliability and credit of the testing. The stable eight-day long SW helps to reduce the number of inoculations. The most important trait to determine the SW is the DON reaction and not the visual symptoms.

Insect Distribution in a Spring Pea-Winter Wheat-Spring Barley Crop Rotation System

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Quisenberry ◽  
D. J. Schotzko ◽  
P. F. Lamb ◽  
F. L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Insect Distribution ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Pea Leaf Weevil

The effects of tillage method (conventional or conservative) and weed management level (recommended or minimum) on insect distribution in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) rotation were studied. Aphids were the major insect species on winter wheat and spring barley, but were not of economic importance. Beneficial species impacted aphid population levels by maintaining their numbers below economic thresholds. Tillage method and weed management level had limited impact on aphid and beneficial insect populations. Pea leaf weevil (Sitonia lineatus [L.]) and pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum [L.]) populations reached economic injury levels in 1992; two insecticide applications were needed. Pea leaf weevil populations did not reach economic levels in 1993; however, pea weevil populations reached an economic level at flowering stage and an insecticide was applied. Pea leaf weevil populations were higher in conventional tillage plots compared with conservation tillage plots. Early-season insecticide applications suppressed beneficial insects in the pea plots.

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