scholarly journals Vaccination Against COVID-19 as a Christian Duty? A Risk-Analytic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Steffen Flessa
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Analytic Model ◽  
Decision Situation ◽  
Great Commandment ◽  
Vaccination Decision ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Different Levels

The Covid-19 pandemic inspired a fierce discussion on pros and cons of vaccinations among Christians. Frequently, this emotional dispute is not based on facts, and this might be due to the fact that the decision situation (“to be vaccinate or not to be vaccinated”) is quite complex. In this paper we develop a risk-analytic model of the vaccination decision and explain the benefits of vaccinations against SARS-Cov-2 on different levels. Furthermore, we show that the Great Commandment of love calls for avoiding all harm to the neighbor even if this harm is indirect and under uncertainty. Consequently, it is a Christian duty to love one’s neighbor and be vaccinated.

scholarly journals A New Image Registration Algorithm Based on Evidential Reasoning

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Deqiang Han ◽  
Jean Dezert ◽  
Yi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Image Registration ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Image Registration Algorithm ◽  
Theory Of Belief Functions ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Registration Result ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of

Image registration is a crucial and fundamental problem in image processing and computer vision, which aims to align two or more images of the same scene acquired from different views or at different times. In image registration, since different keypoints (e.g., corners) or similarity measures might lead to different registration results, the selection of keypoint detection algorithms or similarity measures would bring uncertainty. These different keypoint detectors or similarity measures have their own pros and cons and can be jointly used to expect a better registration result. In this paper, the uncertainty caused by the selection of keypoint detector or similarity measure is addressed using the theory of belief functions, and image information at different levels are jointly used to achieve a more accurate image registration. Experimental results and related analyses show that our proposed algorithm can achieve more precise image registration results compared to several prevailing algorithms.

scholarly journals THE BLACK AND WHITE OF GOFOOD CO THE BLACK AND WHITE OF GOFOOD CO-BRANDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Dwira Palguna
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract This research aims to find out how the implementation of Gofood co-branding with its culinary partners, as well as to find out the pros and cons felt by partners since carrying out their co-branding with Gofood. This research is a qualitative research. The focus is on informants’ personal, not specific companies or agencies, understanding. The data collection technique used is in-depth interviews with source triangulation as a data validity technique. The results obtained show that Gofood's co-branding with restaurant partners falls into the same type of co-branding but with different levels of co-branding and value creation. The pros felt by the partners lies in increasing sales, brand awareness and coverage of the sales areas while the thing that is a contra is pricing.   Keywords--- co-branding, third-party online food delivery, business owner experience, Gofood

CFD-Based Throughflow Solver in a Turbomachinery Design System

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahua Gu ◽  
Mark R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design System ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Stream Surface ◽  
Streamline Curvature ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Turbomachinery Design ◽  
Different Levels

Throughflow analysis is a critical component for the multi-stage axial turbomachine design. The Euler throughflow approach has been developed over the last couple of decades, but has been less successful than its early peer, the streamline curvature approach. In this paper an Euler throughflow approach is described for engineering applications. It includes the steps needed to construct the stream surface, such as modifications for the incidence and deviation, and the throat area correction. The flow angle difference at the trailing edge and in the downstream non-bladed gap stations is resolved, and the numerical loss from solving the Euler equation is removed as well. This solver has been integrated into a comprehensive turbomachinery design system. It creates and modifies the machine geometries and predicts the machine performance at different levels of approximation, including one-dimensional design and analysis, quasi-three-dimensional methods (blade-to-blade and throughflow) and full-three-dimensional steady-state CFD analysis. The flow injection and extraction functions are described, as is the implementation of the radial mass distribution. Some discussion is dedicated to the shock calculation. Finally, examples are provided to demonstrate the pros and cons of the Euler throughflow approach and also to demonstrate the potential to solve for a wider range of flow conditions, particularly choked and transonic flows that limit stream function based solvers.

Secure Authentication Process for High Sensitive Data E-Services

2009 ◽  
pp. 2198-2213
Author(s):  
Claudio Agostino Ardagna ◽  
Ernesto Damiani ◽  
Fulvio Frati ◽  
Salvatore Reale
Keyword(s):  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Single Sign On ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Secure Authentication ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Web

The widespread diffusion of online services provided by public and private organizations, firstly driven by e-commerce and more recently by egovernment applications, has stressed the need of secure ways to authenticate users who need to access online resources. The huge number of resources accessible on the Web leads to different authentication mechanisms implementations that often require multiple log-on actions also in intradomain multiservices scenario. In case of high sensitive services, users’ authentication plays a role of paramount importance. In this article is presented a case study that gives a roadmap of authentication mechanisms implemented at different levels of services’ software structure. The discussion starts by illustrating different authentication solutions implemented at operating system, application server or components level to conclude with Single Sign-On approach. For each solution, pros and cons are discussed. The SSO system, called CAS++, developed as an extension to Yale University’s CAS, is then presented.

An Analytic Model for Predicting Roll Force in Billet Rolling Process with Vertical Stands and Horizontal Stands Mounted

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 2497-2502
Author(s):  
Sang Min Byon ◽  
Young Seog Lee
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Analytic Model ◽  
Roll Force ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Stress Components

In this paper, we present an analytic approach for the prediction of roll force to be applicable to the billet rolling process which consists of a series of horizontal stands and vertical stands. The approach is based on the deformation shape and employs the assumption that the deformation homogeneously occurs in three directions. Strain and strain rate are calculated by the geometric relationships between those components and the prescribed deformation functions. By integrating the stress components along the rolling direction, roll force is finally obtained. The prediction accuracy of the proposed model is examined through comparison experimentally mesured roll force with computed ones.

scholarly journals Vaccinating in disease-free regions: a vaccine model with application to yellow fever

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia T Codeço ◽  
Paula M Luz ◽  
Flavio Coelho ◽  
Alison P Galvani ◽  
Claudio Struchiner
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Nonlinear Dependence ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Vaccination Decision ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Disease Free

Concerns regarding natural or induced emergence of infectious diseases have raised a debate on the pros and cons of pre-emptive vaccination of populations under uncertain risk. In the absence of immediate risk, ethical issues arise because even smaller risks associated with the vaccine are greater than the immediate disease risk (which is zero). The model proposed here seeks to formalize the vaccination decision process looking from the perspective of the susceptible individual, and results are shown in the context of the emergence of urban yellow fever in Brazil. The model decomposes the individual's choice about vaccinating or not into uncertain components. The choice is modelled as a function of (i) the risk of a vaccine adverse event, (ii) the risk of an outbreak and (iii) the probability of receiving the vaccine or escaping serious disease given an outbreak. Additionally, we explore how this decision varies as a function of mass vaccination strategies of varying efficiency. If disease is considered possible but unlikely (risk of outbreak less than 0.1), delay vaccination is a good strategy if a reasonably efficient campaign is expected. The advantage of waiting increases as the rate of transmission is reduced (low R 0 ) suggesting that vector control programmes and emergency vaccination preparedness work together to favour this strategy. The opposing strategy, vaccinating pre-emptively, is favoured if the probability of yellow fever urbanization is high or if expected R 0 is high and emergency action is expected to be slow. In summary, our model highlights the nonlinear dependence of an individual's best strategy on the preparedness of a response to a yellow fever outbreak or other emergent infectious disease.

scholarly journals Study of Bondura® Expanding PIN System – Combined Axial and Radial Locking System

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 625-634
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maaz Akhtar ◽  
Øyvind Karlsen ◽  
Hirpa G. Lemu
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Applied Torque ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Capability Improvement ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Over Time

Bolted connections are widely used in parallel plates and flanged joints to axially lock using the preload generated by the tightening torque and to constrain radial movements of the flanges by the surface friction between mating surfaces. The surface friction depends on the micro-asperities of mating surfaces; under the influence of vibrations and other external radial loads, these asperities tend to deform over time, resulting in the failure of the connection. The Bondura expanding pin system presented in this article is an innovative axial and radial locking system, in which the failure of bolted connections due to radial movements is eliminated by relying on the mechanical strength of the pin system along with the surface friction. The present study describes an experimental design to verify the maximum possible preload on the axial-radial pin at different levels of applied torque. The article also provides a realistic comparison of the pin system with standard bolts in terms of handling axial and radial loads. With some alterations in the axial-radial pin system’s design, the joint’s capability to resist failure improved appreciably compared with the original design and standard bolts with higher preload. As a result, the estimated capability improvement of the joint against the connection failure due to the external radial load by the axial-radial pin is observed to be more than 200 % compared to standard bolts. Considering the pros and cons of both fasteners, i.e., axial-radial pin and standard bolts, a practical solution can be chosen in which both fasteners are used in a connection, and an optimized situation can be developed based on the working conditions.

Adaptive Summarization of Digital Video Data

2011 ◽  
pp. 77-99
Author(s):  
Waleed E. Farog ◽  
Hussein Abdel-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Algorithms ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Adaptation Level ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Old Dominion University ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Key Frames ◽  
Optimal Set ◽  
Different Levels

As multimedia applications are rapidly spreading at an ever-increasing rate, efficient and effective methodologies for organizing and manipulating these data become a necessity. One of the basic problems with such systems is finding efficient ways to summarize the huge amount of data involved. In this chapter, we start by defining the problem of key frames extraction, then review a number of proposed techniques to accomplish that task, showing their pros and cons. After that, we describe two adaptive algorithms proposed to effectively select key frames from segmented video shots where both apply a two-level adaptation mechanism. These algorithms constitute the second stage of a Video Content-based Retrieval (VCR) system that has been designed at Old Dominion University. The first adaptation level is based on the size of the input video file, while the second level is performed on a shot-by-shot basis to account for the fact that different shots have different levels of activity. Experimental results show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithms in selecting the near-optimal set of key frames required to represent each shot.

scholarly journals Responsibilities distribution between different levels of government for public services delivery in EU countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Emil Mutafov
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effective Distribution

The main goal of the article is to review and analyze the pros and cons when public services are provided by different levels of government in EU countries. Methods such as analysis and synthesis, comparative method, mathematical and statistical are used for achieving the goal. The results will clarify the distribution of responsibilities for public services delivery in EU countries, which seek to fully cover the principle of subsidiarity stated in the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Transferring more powers will lead to new responsibilities to local government and it needs to be more effective, as larger municipalities would be able to fit in faster and better. The conclusions are related to the more efficient and effective distribution of public services between different levels of government.

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