The role of materials science after the Mexico City earthquakes in 1985

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Castaño ◽  
L. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Reinforcing Steel ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Collapsed Buildings

We review our field investigations of construction materials which were initiated after the 1985 Mexico City earthquakes. We report observations on reinforcing steel samples collected in the ruins of collapsed buildings and describe the experiences in the production and testing of HSLA steel reinforcing bars with mechanical and metallurgical properties suitable for earthquake resistant construction. We review some aspects of the cement and concrete industries of Mexico before 1985 and present a description of the properties of polymer modified cements considering the potential not only for construction but for many other applications.

scholarly journals The search for new materials and the role of novel processing routes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wellmann
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
European Council ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Human History ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Novel Processing

AbstractThroughout human history, most further developments or new achievements were accompanied by new materials or new processes that enabled the technologic progress. With concrete devices and applications in mind, synthesis and subsequent treatment of materials naturally went along with the progress. The aim of the underlying article is to spot the role of optimization, of discovery, of trial-and-error approaches, of fundamentals and curiosity driven design and development. In a consecutive examination, five missions addressing the challenges facing our world (identified by the European Council) will be cross linked with seven topical areas from materials science defined by the European Materials Research Society. The scope of this examination is to identify approaches and methods to further develop and innovate materials which form the basis of the anticipated solutions.

Report of the Committee to Survey Needs and Opportunities for the Biomaterials Industry

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Barenberg
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Industrial Needs

The Biomaterials Industry Subpanel was chartered by the National Research Council (on behalf of the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering) to address the needs and opportunities in materials science and engineering as perceived by the biomaterials industry. This report represents an initial overview and should not be considered definitive.The Committee examined the short-term, intermediate, and long-term needs of the industry and how external factors such as regulations, lack of standards, and international competition influenced the industry. The industry is heterogeneous and was subsequently defined by the following market segments: artificial organs, biosensors, biotechnology, cardiovascular/blood products, drug delivery, equipment/devices, maxillofacial, ophthalmology, orthopedics, packaging, and wound management.Each of these market segments then addressed the:Role of materials in the industry,Current materials and material needs,Material opportunities and impact,Industrial needs/issues,International competition/foreign initiatives, andRole of the U.S. government.

scholarly journals Preview: 1989 MRS Spring Meeting

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Keyword(s):  
Optical Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Magnetic Films ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Joint Session ◽  
Linus Pauling ◽  
Spring Meeting ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
The Town

The 1989 Spring Meeting of the Materials Research Society will be held at the Town and County Hotel in San Diego, with events spanning April 22-29. Meeting Chairs Robin Farrow, Dick Siegel and Angelica Stacy have developed a program of 16 technical symposia that reflect the continuing key role of materials science in the development of both mature and emerging technologies.Several new topics will reflect emerging areas, including materials for optical storage of information (Symposium F), ultrathin magnetic films (Symposium G), and materials problems of infrastructure (Symposium P). A special workshop will provide a technology update on diamond films (Symposium P) and will feature a joint session with Symposium H, Optical Materials: Processing and Science.Plenary speaker Linus Pauling, research professor at the Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine, will discuss quasicrystals, materials whose atomic structure displays perfect five-fold symmetry, but whose atomic pattern is never exactly repeated as it would be in conventional crystals. During the Plenary Session MRS will also recognize graduate students who have made outstanding contributions as authors or co-authors of papers presented at the 1989 Spring Meeting.

scholarly journals Emerging Stem Cell Controls: Nanomaterials and Plasma Effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. Borghi ◽  
A. E. Rider ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
Z. J. Han ◽  
D. Haylock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Cell Control ◽  
Nanostructured Surfaces ◽  
Plasma Effects ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Technological Challenge

Stem cells (SC) are among the most promising cell sources for tissue engineering due to their ability to self-renew and differentiate, properties that underpin their clinical application in tissue regeneration. As such, control of SC fate is one of the most crucial issues that needs to be fully understood to realise their tremendous potential in regenerative biology. The use of functionalized nanostructured materials (NM) to control the microscale regulation of SC has offered a number of new features and opportunities for regulating SC. However, fabricating and modifying such NM to induce specific SC response still represent a significant scientific and technological challenge. Due to their versatility, plasmas are particularly attractive for the manufacturing and modification of tailored nanostructured surfaces for stem cell control. In this review, we briefly describe the biological role of SC and the mechanisms by which they are controlled and then highlight the benefits of using a range of nanomaterials to control the fate of SC. We then discuss how plasma nanoscience research can help produce/functionalise these NMs for more effective and specific interaction with SCs. The review concludes with a perspective on the advantages and challenges of research at the intersection between plasma physics, materials science, nanoscience, and SC biology.

scholarly journals Application of erosion-control materials and spontaneous vegetation in the protection of reservoirs in southern and eastern Serbia

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vjaceslava Matic ◽  
Gordana Djukanovic
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Accredited Laboratories ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Stone Concrete

The quality and stability of erosion-control materials in protection of reservoirs in Southern and Eastern Serbia have been examined both in the field and in accredited laboratories in our country. Field investigations have been carried out over a period of 15 years in Eastern Serbia and for up to 30 years in Southern Serbia, and they are still being conducted by monitoring the state and possible damage of consolidation-retention check dams, walls, and other erosion-control structures. The materials used in protection of the Selova and Grliste Reservoirs are typical construction materials, such as resistant natural stone, concrete of the BI group, i.e., MB 20, aggregate, synthetic elements, etc. Long-term monitoring of their state and minor deformations has shown that the materials were well-chosen and stable, and that there has been no significant damage, except for some minor crumbling and smaller cracks due to negligible scouring. This is all the result of prior thorough empirical and laboratory testing of applied materials, which helped to achieve stability and functionality of structures erected to prevent silting-up of the reservoir. Such a state has contributed to stabilization of erosion processes and reduction of sediment quantities, improvement of water quality, and advancement of the autochthonous vegetation (Salix L., Cornus L., Quercus L.). Vegetation has further mitigated erosion, decreased floods, and consolidated the structures, thereby improving the ecological quality of the catchments as well as the entire study area.

scholarly journals ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN DENTAL SCIENCES: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramakoteswara Rao N ◽  
Kranthi kiran Reddy E ◽  
Leena Gahane ◽  
SV Ranganayakulu
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
New Science ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nano Science ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nano technology is the multi disciplinary science and technology, which has emerged as new science exploiting specific phenomena and direct manipulation of materials on nanoscale. Nanotechnology deals with the physical, chemical, and biological properties of structures and their parts at nanoscale dimensions. It's established on the concept by creating functional structures by controlling corpuscles and molecules on a one-by-one basis by different physical and chemical synthesis methods. Developments in materials science and, nano biotechnology is especially forestalled to provide elevates in dental sciences and initiations in oral health-related diagnostic and therapeutical methods. Keywords: Nano Science, dentistry, Nanocomposite, Nanorobots, Nanomaterials.

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