Hydrothermal Synthesis of Bioinert Oxide Film on Pure Ti: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Ueda ◽  
Masahiko Ikeda ◽  
Richard Langford ◽  
Jeremy Skepper ◽  
Ruth E. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Surface Product ◽  
Hank’S Solution

ABSTRACTTitanium and its alloys have been employed in bone plates/screws, and these are often designed to be removed after recovery. Bone is known to bond to the surface of Ti alloys. This can lead to re-fracture of newly repaired bone during operations to remove the implants, however bone does not bond to Zr-based alloys. The inhibition of bone conduction on the surface of Zr-based alloys is thought to be due to the presence of a thin layer of zirconia (ZrO2) on the surface. The purpose of the present study was to synthesize bioinert films, including ZrO2 on pure Ti surfaces. In vitro apatite (HAp) formation and in vivo bone conduction in the tibiae of rats on the films were also investigated.Commercial purity Ti was chemically treated with aqueous H2O2/HNO3 at 353 K for 20 min. The disks were hydrothermally treated with aqueous ZrOCl2/NH3/C6H8O7 (citric acid) in an autoclave at 453 K for 12 h. Simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test and implantation into tibiae of rats were carried out.In the hydrothermal treatment with aqueous ZrOCl2/NH3, the surface product was anatase-type TiO2. On the other hand, when citric acid was added the surface of Ti was covered homogeneously with a TiO2–ZrO2 composite film though the amount of ZrO2 was very small. HAp began to form on the non-modified Ti and TiO2 surfaces after 6 days and 4 days immersion in Hank’s solution, respectively. On the surfaces of TiO2–ZrO2, the presence of precipitates was confirmed after 6-8 days. The HAp formation was suppressed on the surfaces of TiO2–ZrO2.The present TiO2-ZrO2 surface also showed significantly lower bone-implant contact ratio in cortical bone compared with TiO2.

In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of Coated HAp Films with Different Surface Morphology

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 710-715
Author(s):  
Kotaro Kuroda ◽  
Ryoichi Ichino ◽  
Masazumi Okido
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mouse Osteoblast ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were formed on cp titanium plates and rods by the thermal substrate method in an aqueous solution that included 0.3 mM Ca(H2PO4)2 and 0.7 mM CaCl2. The coating experiments were conducted at 40-140 oC and pH = 8 for 15 or 30 min. The properties for the coated samples were studied using XRD, EDX, FT-IR, and SEM. All the specimens were covered with HAp, which had different surface morphologies such as net-like, plate-like and needle-like. After cleaning and sterilization, all the coated specimens were subjected to in vivo and vitro testing. In the in vitro testing, the mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the coated and non-coated specimens for up to 30 days. Moreover, the specimens (φ2 x 5 mm) were implanted in rats femoral for up to 8 weeks, the osseoinductivity on them were evaluated. In in vitro evaluations, there were not significant differences between the different surface morphologies. In in vivo evaluations, however, two weeks postimplantation, new bone formed on both the HAp coated and non-coated titanium rods in the cancellous and cortical bone. The bone-implant contact ratio, which was used for the evaluation of new bone formation, was significantly dependent on the surface morphology of the HAp, and the results demonstrated that the needle-like coating appears to promote rapid bone formation.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo assessment of biomedical Mg–Ca alloys for bone implant applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Makkar ◽  
Swapan Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Andrew R. Padalhin ◽  
Byoung-Gi Moon ◽  
Young Seon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Biodegradable Implant ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

Background: Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys are considered to be promising materials for implant application due to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties close to bone. However, low corrosion resistance and fast degradation are limiting their application. Mg–Ca alloys have huge potential owing to a similar density to bone, good corrosion resistance, and as Mg is essential for Ca incorporation into bone. The objective of the present work is to determine the in vitro degradation and in vivo performance of binary Mg– xCa alloy ( x = 0.5 or 5.0 wt%) to assess its usability for degradable implant applications. Methods: Microstructural evolutions for Mg– xCa alloys were characterized by optical, SEM, EDX, and XRD. In vitro degradation tests were conducted via immersion test in phosphate buffer saline solution. In vivo performance in terms of interface, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of Mg– xCa alloys was examined by implanting samples into rabbit femoral condyle for 2 and 4 weeks. Results: Microstructural results showed the enhancement in intermetallic Mg2Ca phase with increase in Ca content. Immersion tests revealed that the dissolution rate varies linearly, with Ca content exhibiting more hydrogen gas evolution, increased pH, and higher degradation for Mg–5.0Ca alloy. In vivo studies showed good biocompatibility with enhanced bone formation for Mg–0.5Ca after 4 weeks of implantation compared with Mg–5.0Ca alloy. Higher initial corrosion rate with prolonged inflammation and rapid degradation was noticed in Mg–5.0Ca compared with Mg–0.5Ca alloy. Conclusions: The results suggest that Mg–0.5Ca alloy could be used as a temporary biodegradable implant material for clinical applications owing to its controlled in vivo degradation, reduced inflammation, and high bone-formation capability.

Titanium Surface Modification Techniques for Implant Fabrication – From Microscale to the Nanoscale

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Subramani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques

This manuscript reviews about titanium surface modification techniques for its application in orthopaedic and dental implants. There are a few limitations in the long term prognosis of orthopaedic and dental implants. Poor osseointegration with bone, periimplant infection leading to implant failure and short term longevity demanding revision surgery, are to mention a few. Micro- and nanoscale modification of titanium surface using physicochemical, morphological and biochemical approaches have resulted in higher bone to implant contact ratio and improved osseointegration. With recent advances in micro, nano-fabrication techniques and multidisciplinary research studies focusing on bridging biomaterials for medical applications, TiO2 nanotubes have been extensively studied for implant applications. The need for titanium implant surface that can closely mimic the nanoscale architecture of human bone has become a priority. For such purpose, TiO2 nanotubes of different dimensions and architectural fashions at the nanoscale level are being evaluated. This manuscript discusses in brief about the in-vitro and in-vivo studies on titanium surface modification techniques. This manuscript also addresses the recent studies done on such nanotubular surfaces for the effective delivery of osteoinductive growth factors and anti bacterial/ anti inflammatory drugs to promote osseointegration and prevent peri-implant infection.

scholarly journals Crystal products of lamotrigine-citric acid for improvement of in vitro drug release in simulated gastric fluid

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
Bhabani Satapathy ◽  
Asuprita Patel ◽  
Rudra Sahoo ◽  
Subrata Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Drug Development Research

Crystal engineering is an integral part of the drug development research. Crystal forms can modify the physicochemical properties of the parent drug molecule. The present work was aimed at the synthesis and characterization of crystalline product of lamotrigine (LT), a FDA approved anti-epileptic drug, with citric acid (CA) to improve its release in gastric region and oral absorption. The crystalline products of LT-CA were developed by solvent evaporation method using ethanol-water as the solvent system. Appearance of new charac-teristic peaks in the FTIR spectra for the crystal products indicated formation of new crystal state. In DSC thermogram, melting point of the experimental crystal products was different than that of the pure drug. Further, formation of new crystalline phase was confirmed from XRD data through the identification of new sharp peaks for the selected crystal products. A higher cumulative percen-tage of drug release was observed for the crystal products than the free drug within 60 min of drug release in simulated gastric fluid. However, in vivo studies are warranted for the future technology transfer of the product at industrial scale.

A novel fixing method for Mg-based specimens used in the in-vitro immersion test

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Cui Tan ◽  
Juncen Zhou ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Degradation Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Immersion Period ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Hank’S Solution

Purpose The aim of this paper is to predict the in-vivo degradation behaviour of Mg-based implants through in-vitro immersion test. Design/methodology/approach A novel placement mode arming to mimic the in-vivo situation was investigated in this work. Specimens were mounted on bones and then immersed in dynamic Hank’s solution. Findings The degradation behaviour of the specimen’s two sides is unequal. The bottom side which clings to the bone was isolated from solution in the early stage. During the late immersion period, there was crevice corrosion appearing on the bottom side. Weight loss and mechanical properties of specimens were also affected by the placement mode. Research limitations/implications Placement mode reported here have guiding significance for degradation behaviour of bio-implants in the clinical study. Social implications Placement mode reported here have guiding significance for degradation behaviour of bio-implants in the clinical study. Originality/value A novel placement mode arming to mimic the in-vivo situation was investigated in this work, which was better fit the actual in vivo immersion situation.

In vitro and in vivo studies of new cationic Zn(II)‐benzonaphthoporphyrazines as photosensitizers for PDT

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
M. Peeva ◽  
M. Shopova ◽  
U. Michelsen ◽  
D. Wöhrle ◽  
G. Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies

Effect of caffeine on theophyliine on cerebral blood flow response to brain activation: In vitro and in vivo studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S198-S198
Author(s):  
Joseph R Meno ◽  
Thien-son K Nguyen ◽  
Elise M Jensen ◽  
G Alexander West ◽  
Leonid Groysman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Effects of Unfractionated and Low Molecular Weight Heparins on Platelet Thromboxane Biosynthesis “In Vivo”

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 942-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Landolfi ◽  
Erica De Candia ◽  
Bianca Rocca ◽  
Giovanni Ciabattoni ◽  
Armando Antinori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heparin Administration ◽  
To Receive

SummarySeveral “in vitro” and “in vivo” studies indicate that heparin administration may affect platelet function. In this study we investigated the effects of prophylactic heparin on thromboxane (Tx)A2 biosynthesis “in vivo”, as assessed by the urinary excretion of major enzymatic metabolites 11-dehydro-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-TxB2. Twenty-four patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy because of uncomplicated lithiasis were randomly assigned to receive placebo, unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin or unfractionaed heparin plus 100 mg aspirin. Measurements of daily excretion of Tx metabolites were performed before and during the treatment. In the groups assigned to placebo and to low molecular weight heparin there was no statistically significant modification of Tx metabolite excretion while patients receiving unfractionated heparin had a significant increase of both metabolites (11-dehydro-TxB2: 3844 ± 1388 vs 2092 ±777, p <0.05; 2,3-dinor-TxB2: 2737 ± 808 vs 1535 ± 771 pg/mg creatinine, p <0.05). In patients randomized to receive low-dose aspirin plus unfractionated heparin the excretion of the two metabolites was largely suppressed thus suggesting that platelets are the primary source of enhanced thromboxane biosynthesis associated with heparin administration. These data indicate that unfractionated heparin causes platelet activation “in vivo” and suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparin may avoid this complication.

Effectiveness of the integration of quercetin, turmeric, and N-acetylcysteine in reducing inflammation and pain associated with endometriosis. In-vitro and in-vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Fadin ◽  
Maria C. Nicoletti ◽  
Marzia Pellizzato ◽  
Manuela Accardi ◽  
Maria G. Baietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies
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