Nanostructured Selenium for Preventing Biofilm Formation on Medical Devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Material

ABSTRACTBiofilms are a common cause of persistent infections on medical devices as they are easy to form and hard to treat. Selenium and its compounds are considered to be a novel material for a wide range of applications including anticancer applications and antibacterial applications. The objective of this study was to coat selenium nanoparticles on the surface of polycarbonate medical devices and examine their effectiveness at preventing biofilm formation. The results of this in vitro study showed that the selenium coating significantly inhibited Staphylococcus aureus growth on the surface of polycarbonate after 24 hours. Thus, this study suggests that coating polymers with nanostructured selenium is a fast and effective way to reduce bacteria functions leading to medical device infections.

Effect of vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: in vitro study

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Jang ◽  
H Park ◽  
Y B Cho ◽  
C H Choi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Silver Oxide ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes

AbstractBackground and objective:Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high incidence of persistent otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube insertion. It has been suggested that the tube material may be an important factor in the persistence of such otorrhoea. Development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube placement is a growing concern. We evaluated the effect of using vancomycin and chitosan coated tympanostomy tubes on the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in vitro.Materials and methods:Three sets each of vancomycin-coated silicone tubes (n = 5), commercial silver oxide coated silicone tubes (n = 5) and uncoated tympanostomy tubes (as controls; n = 5) were compared as regards resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation after in vitro incubation.Results:Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surfaces of the silver oxide coated tubes supported the formation of thick biofilms with crusts, comparable to the appearance of the uncoated tubes. In contrast, the surface of the vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes was virtually devoid of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.Conclusion:Vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes resist methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Pending further study, such tubes show promise in assisting the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Tissue Plasminogen Activator Coating on Implant Surfaces Reduces Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Kwiecinski ◽  
Manli Na ◽  
Anders Jarneborn ◽  
Gunnar Jacobsson ◽  
Marijke Peetermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm infections of indwelling medical devices are a major medical challenge because of their high prevalence and antibiotic resistance. As fibrin plays an important role inS. aureusbiofilm formation, we hypothesize that coating of the implant surface with fibrinolytic agents can be used as a new method of antibiofilm prophylaxis. The effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) coating onS. aureusbiofilm formation was tested within vitromicroplate biofilm assays and anin vivomouse model of biofilm infection. tPA coating efficiently inhibited biofilm formation by variousS. aureusstrains. The effect was dependent on plasminogen activation by tPA, leading to subsequent local fibrin cleavage. A tPA coating on implant surfaces prevented both early adhesion and later biomass accumulation. Furthermore, tPA coating increased the susceptibility of biofilm infections to antibiotics.In vivo, significantly fewer bacteria were detected on the surfaces of implants coated with tPA than on control implants from mice treated with cloxacillin. Fibrinolytic coatings (e.g., with tPA) reduceS. aureusbiofilm formation bothin vitroandin vivo, suggesting a novel way to prevent bacterial biofilm infections of indwelling medical devices.

scholarly journals Antifungal effects of alantolactone on Candida albicans: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Lili Zhong ◽  
Zhiming Ma ◽  
Yujie Sui ◽  
Jia’nan Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Human Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Antifungal Effects

AbstractThe human fungal pathogen Candida albicans can cause many kinds of infections, including biofilm infections on medical devices, while the available antifungal drugs are limited to only a few. In this study, alantolactone (Ala) demonstrated antifungal activities against C. albicans, as well as other Candida species, with a MIC of 72 μg/mL. Ala could also inhibit the adhesion, yeast-to-hyphal transition, biofilm formation and development of C. albicans. The exopolysaccharide of biofilm matrix and extracellular phospholipase production could also be reduced by Ala treatment. Ala could increase permeability of C. albicans cell membrane and ROS contribute to the antifungal activity of Ala. Overall, the present study suggests that Ala may provide a promising candidate for developing antifungal drugs against C. albicans infections.

scholarly journals Investigation of a Staphylococcus argenteus Strain Involved in a Chronic Prosthetic-Joint Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6245
Author(s):  
Alan Diot ◽  
Virginie Dyon-Tafani ◽  
Marine Bergot ◽  
Jason Tasse ◽  
Patricia Martins-Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Prosthetic Joint

Staphylococcus argenteus is an emerging species responsible for infections comparable to those induced by Staphylococcus aureus. It has been involved in few chronic or persistent infections so far. In this study, we described a case of a persistent prosthetic-joint infection (PJI) affecting a young woman. We investigated in vitro the virulence traits of the incriminated S. argenteus strain (bone cell invasion, biofilm formation and induction of inflammation) and analyzed its genome, in comparison with two other strains of S. argenteus and two S. aureus isolates. It appeared that this S. argenteus PJI strain combined biofilm formation, osteoblast invasion and intracellular persistence abilities together with genes potentially involved in the escape of the host immune defenses, which might explain the chronicization of the infection.

scholarly journals Affinity of Staphylococcus aureus for prostheses colonization compared to other bacteria. An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e15310514701
Author(s):  
Gisele Alborghetti Nai ◽  
Denis Aloísio Lopes Medina ◽  
Cesar Alberto Talavera Martelli ◽  
Mayla Silva Cayres de Oliveira ◽  
Isadora Delfino Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Colonization Density ◽  
Silicone Prostheses

Staphylococcus aureus biofilms have been recognized as a leading cause of multiple infections, including implant-associated infections and chronic wounds. We evaluated the colonization capacity of two distinct textured prostheses by different bacterial strains. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis were evaluated. Initially, the hydrophobicity and biofilm formation capacity were determined. Subsequently, 20 fragments of vascular prosthesis and 20 silicone prostheses were embedded in suspensions with the microorganisms and incubated. The prostheses were then sown in culture medium and incubated for 48 hours. Petri dishes were photographed and analyzed by fractal dimension. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Dunn test were applied for the analysis of biofilm formation. To compare the mean intensity for the type of bacteria and the type of prosthesis, a general linear model was applied. Staphylococcus aureus was the bacterium with the highest colonization density in both prostheses (p = 0.0001). E. coli showed strong adherence in the biofilm formation capacity test (p = 0.0001), however, it did not colonize either prosthesis. We demonstrated that Staphylococcus aureus has a greater affinity for vascular and silicone prostheses than other bacteria.

scholarly journals 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Coating Inhibits Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on a Suture: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Taizo Kaneko ◽  
Taku Saito ◽  
Takeo Shobuike ◽  
Hiroshi Miyamoto ◽  
Junpei Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria

Initial bacterial adhesion to medical devices and subsequent biofilm formation are known as the leading causes of surgical site infection (SSI). Therefore, inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface of medical devices can reduce the risk of SSIs. In this study, a highly hydrophilic, antibiofouling surface was prepared by coating the bioabsorbable suture surface with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (PMB). The PMB-coated and noncoated sutures exhibited similar mechanical strength and surface morphology. The effectiveness of the PMB coating on the suture to suppress adhesion and biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The bacterial adhesion test revealed that PMB coating significantly reduced the number of adherent bacteria, with no difference in the number of planktonic bacteria. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations of adherent bacteria on the suture surface after contact with bacterial suspension confirmed PMB coating-mediated inhibition of biofilm formation. Additionally, we found that the PMB-coated sutures exhibited significant antibiofouling effects in vivo. In conclusion, PMB-coated sutures demonstrated bacteriostatic effects associated with a highly hydrophilic, antibiofouling surface and inhibited bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Therefore, PMB-coated sutures could be a new alternative to reduce the risk of SSIs.

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